趣味定语从句详解(奔跑吧兄弟)PPT课件

.,1,.,2,在英语的江湖中，有这么一群词的存在，他们神通广大，既能指代前文出现的名词或代词，又能在从句中充当一定成分，并起到连词的作用，若非用于正事，必将江湖大乱啊！,他们到底是谁呢？,.,3,大人，必须将此党拿下，严刑拷打，归我等所用！,靠谱！,who,which,that,whom,whose,as,when,where,why,9人已全数归案,.,5,剧终！,欲知后事如何，敬请下回分析.,.,6,定语从句,.,7,定义,被定语从句所修饰的词叫“先行词”，用来修饰先行词的词叫“关系词”,E.g.ThisisthebookthatIwant.,在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,定语从句有时也可以修饰一个句子。,.,8,定语从句的关系词,关系代词,关系副词,指人,指物,who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语),that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)=ofwhichas(主语、宾语),where(地点状语),when(时间状语),why(原因状语),关系词,牢记这些词的功能：指代先行词在从句中充当成分起连词的作用！,.,9,连连看,Herearethebooks.Youarelookingforthem._Haveyouseenthechildren?Theyareplayingfootball._,Herearethebookswhich/thatyouarelookingfor.,Haveyouseenthechildrenwho/thatareplayingfootball?,.,10,Thisisthehero.Weareproudofhim._Canyoushowmethenovel.Itscoverisred._,Thisistheherowho/whom/thatweareproudof.,Canyoushowmethenovelwhosecoverisred.,.,11,分类,定语从句,限制性定语从句：先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意义就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。,非限制性定语从句：从句与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意义仍然很清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that,定语从句的分类,无逗号，可用that,有逗号，不可用that,.,12,TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.(2)China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.(3)Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.(4)Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.,判断下列句子,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句,.,13,定语从句三步法,.,14,三步法,1.(1)Thisisthehouse_theteacherwantedtobuy.(2)Thisisthehouse_afirebrokeoutlastyear.,解.:(1)先将先行词thehouse还原到从句中Theteacherwantedtobuythehouse.句子完整,thehouse作buy的宾语,故填which或that,或省略.,which/that/,where/inwhich,(2)Thehouse还原到从句中Afirebrokeoutthehouselastyear.句子有误,brokeout是个不及物动词短语,故补缺加上in,句子才完整.而inthehouse在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where或inwhich.,.,15,2.(1)Wewillneverforgetthedays_wespentinthefactory.(2)wewillneverforgetthedays_weworkedinthefactory.,which/that/,when/duringwhich,下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填where;时间名词就填when哦!技巧是:看从句缺什么成分.(缺主语或宾语填关系代词,缺状语则填关系副词),.,16,which;who;that;whom;whose;aswhere;when;why,whichthataswhowhomwhosewherewhenwhy,指代“事、物”在从句中作主语或宾语,指代“人”，在从句中作主语或宾语,指代“人”，在从句中作宾语,指代先行词，在从句中作定语,指代先行词，在从句中作状语,.,17,Canyoumakesentencesbyyourself?,奔跑吧！定语从句,.,18,Angelababy，中文名杨颖，1989年2月28日出生于上海.,Angelababy,whoseChinesenameisYangYin,wasborninShanghaionFebruary28th1989.,_,.,19,Baby正在敲打那些从洞里伸出来的人。Babyishittingthepeople_,whostickoutfromtheholes.,.,20,李晨正在努力地吃一颗糖，糖用绳子绑着。,LiChenistryingtoeatacandy_.,which,wastiedwithastring,.,21,李晨正在拉一辆木车，车上有5个人。,LiChenisdraggingawoodenvehicle_.,onwhich,therearefivepeople,.,22,帽子是红色的那个女人是Baby,邓超和鹿晗在她旁边跳舞。,TheladywhosehatisredisBaby,besidewhomDengchaoandLuhanaredancing.,.,23,一群人在一座房子前面摆pose,房子的颜色是棕色的。,Agroupofpeopleareposinginfrontofahousewhosecolorisbrown.,.,24,定语从句考点与难点归纳,.,25,1.that与which,who2.对theway的考查3.介词+关系词,考点,难点,4.as的使用5.对where的考查6.综合考查,.,26,1.先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时；2.先行词是不定代词；或被every/all/few等数量形容词修饰时；3.当先行词既有人又有物时；4.先行词是oneof、theone;或被theonly/theright/thevery修饰时；5.当主句已有which和who时；,【一】只用that,不用which的情况：,.,27,用何关系词？,Runningmanisthebestshow_Ihaveeverwatched.Thefirstcity_theywenttowasHangzhou.Thisisthethirdseason_theyhavetakenpartin.,that,that,that,1.当先行词被最高级或者序数词修饰时，指物用that,不用which。,.,28,DenChaowillshowyousomething_youneversawbefore.Theyshouldbegratefulforeverthing_theyhaveachieved.Thereismuch_interestsmeinthisshow.WangZulanhandedoutallthekeys_hehadfound.Hehaslittleexperience_canbeappliedtothisjob.,that,that,that,that,that,2.当先行词是something/nothing/few/little等不定代词;或被few/all/little/much等数量形容词修饰时，指物，用that,不用which。,.,29,Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthings_hesawinthepassage.Hecanclearlyrememberthepersonandthings_henoticedduringthegame.,that,that,3.当先行词既包括物又包括人时，用that。,.,30,Runningmanisoneoftheprograms_Iamfondof.Isthistheone_youarelookingfor?TheSafeRoomwastheonlyplace_theywouldgoto.Thisistheright/veryenvelope_theyhavebeenlookingforforalongtime.,that,that,that,that,4.当先行词是oneof；theone;或被theonly/right/very(正好；恰好)等修饰时，指物，用that,不用which。,.,31,Whoistheman_iswalkingtothem?Whichisthekey_ismatchedtothelock?,that,that,5.当疑问句里已有Who或Which时，关系代词用that,避免重复。,.,32,1.在非限制性定语从句中ChenHeandEllaturnedouttobetheadoptedchildren,whichastonishedalltheotherplayers.,【二】只用which,不用that的情况：,2.在“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句中Theylookedcarefullyatthemirrorfromwhichtheycouldobtainsomeinformation.Theymustpayattentiontotheinformationwithwhichtheycouldfindouttheadoptedchildren.,.,33,【三】先行词指人，只用who,不用that的情况：,1.当先行词是everyone/all/those/nobody等不定代词时，关系代词只用who2.在therebe句型中3.在非限制性定语从句中4.介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只用whom。,.,34,1.当先行词是everyone/all/those/nobody等不定代词时，关系代词只用whoThosewhowanttogetoutoftheroommustworkoutthesum(算术题)onthepaper.Anyonewhogaveawronganswerwouldbepunished.Thisgameissuitableforsomeonewhohasstrongpower.,.,35,2.在therebe句型中。Therewerethreemeninblackwhowouldteartheirnametags(名牌)duringthegame.Therewasapersonwhohadbeensecretlyappointedasaspy.,.,36,4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只用whom。HuangXiaomingistheluckymanwithwhomBabygotmarried.,3.在非限制性定语从句中LiChenisacharmingman,whoappealstomanyfans.,.,37,1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.,that/which/不填,that/inwhich/不填,缺宾语,考点2：theway用做先行词,缺状语,填上合适的关系词并分析原因：,.,38,做题技巧?,theway做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语,缺少主语或宾语:,主语宾语都不缺:,引导词用that/inwhich/不填,引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时),【高考链接】Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_hesaidit.（04湖北）A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich,.,39,考点3：介词+关系词,1.(06浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which,定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为:,2.Thisisthehero_Iamproud.3.Irecognizedtheboss_mysisterwasworking.,inwhose,ofwhom,介词+whom/which/whose,.,40,关系代词前介词的确定,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?,做题技巧?,2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImnotsure?,3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.,4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.,.,41,5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.,Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.,Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopenstothesouth.,【练】1.Thereare20studentsinthisclass,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.alloftheabove2.Ihavemanyfriends,_somearebusinessmen.A.OfthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom,.,42,3._isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.,As,which,难点一：as的用法,1.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanliftit.,as,that,归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成suchas,thesameas,soas,结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。,asthatwhich,.,43,模拟训练：,1.Heissuchalazyman_nobodywantstoworkwith_.（04模拟训练）A.as;himB.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto_place_shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;asB.thesame;whereC.thesame;thatD.asthesame;as,.,44,1.IvecometothepointwhereIcantstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。,解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。,难点二：一些特殊词之后的where,.,45,1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint_bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山东）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.-Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?-Yes,theresonepoint_wemustinsiston.（06江西）A.whyB.whereC.howD./,做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。,模拟训练：,.,46,wherethat1.Thisisthelibrary_Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary_Iborrowedthebook.,where,定语从句,that,强调句型,综合考查一：定语从句与强调句,3.-WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?-Itwasinthehotel_Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when,近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。,难点三:综合考查,.,47,综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句,1.Weallhaveheardthenews_ourteamwon.2.Wedontbelievethenews_hetoldusyesterday.,that,that/which,综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句,1.Theplace_thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江苏）A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich,5,that/which,表语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,.,48,关系副词的用法,1.定语从句中关系副词有：when,where,why2.关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。when作时间状语；where作地点状语；why作原因状语。,.,49,TodayisMarch,12th,onwhichpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees!Itisabasketballcourt,onwhichwecanplaybasketballindoors.Thatisthereason,forwhichsheaskedforaleave.,观察下列3个句子：,onwhich,在从句中作时间状语，可直接用关系副词when,when,onwhich,在从句中作地点状语，可直接用关系副词where,where,forwhich,在从句中作原因状语，可直接用关系副词why,why,.,50,HerememberedthedaywhenIarrivedinthisbigcity.IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.,when作时间状语，意为ontheday,where作地点状语，意为intheplace,why作原因状语，意为forthereason,.,51,Detailedexplanation,when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词为time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment,period,age等，亦可用“介词+which”替代。例：,IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane.,Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingscanbedoneoncomputer.,我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间。,我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑做的时代。,.,52,where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，亦可用“介词+which”替代。例：,你能告诉我他工作的公司吗？,请把书放在容易找到的地方。,Canyoutellmethecompanywhereheworks?Keepthebooksinaplacewhereyoucanfindthemeasily.,.,53,why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，亦可用“介词for+which”替代。例：,你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？,他犯法了，这就是他坐牢的原因。,Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidntcometohisbirthdayparty?Hebrokethelaw.Thatisthereasonwhyhewasputintoprison.,.,54,完成句子：1.我一直都记得我来学校的第一天。Ialwaysrememberthefirstday_.2.从他出国的那年起，我就再也没见过他。Ihaventseenhimsincetheyear_3.1949年是新中国成立的那一年。1949istheyear_.,whenIcameto,school,whenhewent,abroad.,whenChinawasfounded,.,55,4.明天我要回去我的出生的故乡。Iwillgobacktothehometown_5.我爸爸上班的公司离这特别远。Thecompany_isfarfromhere.6.这就是我们吃午餐的那家餐馆。Thisistherestaurant_,whereIwas,born.,wheremyfatherworks,wherewehadourlunch.,.,56,5.我没有告诉她我为什么害怕的原因。Ididnttellherthereason_6.我真的不知道他又迟到的原因。Ireallydontknowthereason_,whyIamafraid.,whyhe,waslateagain.,.,57,3.并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的名词时都用when,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中作主、宾语，用whichthat若是作状语，才用where,when,why,.,58,试比较：Iwillneverforgetthedays_Ispentwithmygrandmotherinthecountryside.Iwillneverforgetthedays_Ispentmysummerholidayinthecountryside.,when,spend是vt.从句缺宾语，先行词放回从句作宾语，应用关系代词which/that.,虽然横线前后都是完整的句子，但明显有内在关系，thedays放回后面的句子做时间状语，所以找关系副词when,既能指代前面先行词在从句中作状语，又能起到连词的作用。,which/that,.,59,试比较：Putthebookbacktothedesk_otherscaneasilyfindit.Putthebookbacktothedesk_Johnmovedin.,where,which/that,先行词在从句中作地点状语,先行词在从句中作moved的宾语,.,60,再比较：Nobodybelievedthereason_heputforwardinthemeeting.Thereason_hedidntwanttoattendthemeetingisstillunknown.,which/that,先行词thereason在从句中作putforward的宾语,why,先行词thereason在从句中作状语,.,61,Weshouldgototheplace_wearemostneeded.Weshouldgototheplace_needsusmost.A.itB.whereC.thatD.what,B,C,3.ItwasOctober_wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime.4.ItwasinOctober_wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.while,C,A,对比训练,.,62,5.Heissuchagoodteacher_wealllikehim.6.Heissuchagoodteacher_wealllike.A.whomB.thatC.asD.which,B,C,7.Thenewscame_theBritishQueensmothercelebratedher101thbirthdayingoodhealth,_isntsurprising,becauseshelivesaneasylifeandgetsthebestmedicalcare.A.that;whichB.which;whichC.that;thatD.when;as,（05模拟训练）,.,63,Haveyougotit?,.,64,由Who引导的定语从句，在句中做主语宾语,1、Doyouknowtheman_istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys_theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those_wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom,选择题,.,65,4.Thegentleman_youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor_youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.Theteacherfor_youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that,由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语,.,66,7.Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents_native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy_compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestin