上课-高考复习情态动词PPT课件VIP

-,1,情态动词modalverbs,-,2,表示能力:can,could,beableto*beableto能用于各种时态。can/could只能表示现在或过去的能力。*was/wereableto:“设法做成某事”相当于managedtodosth.succeededindoingsth.。,一.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。,-,3,1.Acomputer_thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.cantB.couldntC.maynotD.mightnot,2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto,A,D,3.Theywill_runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beableto,D,-,4,二表示许可:may/might,can/could*might,could比较委婉,一般多用于疑问句.*can,may表达的语言比较随便.*在以could,might表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can,may.,-,5,5.CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyou_.A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.MightIwatchTVaftersupper?Yes,you_.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.can,C,A,-,6,三.表示否定的情态动词的用法:,mustnt不准,禁止neednt没必要(=donthaveto)cant不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldnt不应该(=oughtnotto)wont/wouldnt不愿意darent不敢,-,7,四can/may/must/need问句的回答方式,疑问句式,肯定句式,否定答式,youmay.,mustnt/maynot.,youmust,neednt/donthaveto.,youmust.,neednt/donthaveto.,-,8,情态动词的应答1.-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.Ivetoldhimalready.(N1994)A.needntB.wouldntC.mustntD.shouldnt2.-CouldIcallyoubythefirstname?-Yes,you_.(1998上海)A.willB.couldC.mayD.might,A,C,此句的关键是“Ivetoldhimalready”，由此可见，你就不必再对他说了。,在回答“CouldI”这类婉客气的请求时，只能回答“Yes,youcan或may”。不能用could或might。,-,9,3.-Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,_.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.(N1999)A.ImustntB.IcantC.IneedntD.Iwont4.-Writetomewhenyougethome.-_.(2001北京春季)A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican,B,C,此句的关键是“Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.”所以我不能在这儿吃饭。,在回答对方的请求或命令时，应该用“Yes,Iwill.”而不能使用would或should。,-,10,5.You_returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.maynot6.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.A.wont;cantB.mustnt;mayC.shouldnt;mustD.cant;shouldnt,C,B,-,11,7.-Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,_.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.ImustntB.IcantC.IneedntD.Iwont8.-MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?-_.A.No,youneedntB.Not,please.C.No,youmustntD.No,youwont,B,C,-,12,五表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测,ust/should,对将来对现在对过去,情态动词,may,might,cant,couldnt,can,could,+V.+V.+havedone常见mustbe+bedoing,+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用not表示“可能不”,+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing,+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing,-,13,1.Thegroundisratherwet,soit_haverainedlastnight,didntit?2.Tom_havegonetoShanghai,butImstillnotsureaboutit.3.Thegroundisverydry,soit_haverainedlastnight.4.Someonemusthavebrokenintoourbedroom.Who_havedoneit?5.IreallyregrettedwastingthehourswhenI_havestudiedhard,butitwastoolate.,must,may,cant,could,should,-,14,6.Yourhomeisnotfarfromyourschool,soyou_haveleftinsuchahurrythen.7.I_havecometohelpyouwithyourEnglish,butIwastoobusyatthattime.,8.-IpaidavisittoNewYorklastmonthandwestayedatanicehotel.-Oh,you_havestayedwithBarbara.Sheisalwayswillingtodoyouafavour.,could,neednt,wouldrather,-,15,六情态动词+完成式：1.musthavedone2.may/mighthavedone3.cant/couldnthavedone4.should/oughttohavedone5.shoulnt/oughtnttohavedone6.couldhavedone7.neednthavedone8.wouldratherhavedone,-,16,1.YoumustbeMrSmith-Iwastoldtoexpectyouhere.2.Hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted.3.Wemayhavereadthesamereport.4.Hecanthavesleptthroughallthatnoise.5.Theressomeoneoutside-whocanitbe?6.Whatcantheybedoing?7.Thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease.8.Youcouldberight,Isuppose.,-,17,1.Idontknowwheresheis,she_beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_ourexampapers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.Theroadiswet.It_lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother_foryou.你妈妈一定一直在找你。,may,mustbemarking,musthaverained,musthavebeenlooking,-,18,5.Philip_seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.-Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.-She_(go)bybus.7.Mike_hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。,mayhavebeenhurt,mayhavegone,canthavefound,-,19,七shall,1.Heshallbepunishedifhedisobeys.2.Ifyouworkwell,youshallhavehigherwages.3.Accordingtothelaw,halfofhismoneyshallbegiventothecityofVenice.Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。（决心）,-,20,Will,-,21,11.He_bepunishedifhedisobeys.如果他不服从,就要受到惩罚.12.Wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou_onlyletmespeak.只要你让我说话,我们根本就不会吵架.13.-Sir,_hegoorstay?-Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.could,shall,will,B,-,22,14.Thedoor_open.这门经常打不开.15.Ronald_stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would16.You_havethebookafterIreadit.我看完以后一定把这本书给你.,wont,D,shall,-,23,would和usedto的比较,1、would主要表示过去一段时间内的某种习惯，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，意为“总要，总是”usedto主要表示过去存在但是现在已不再存在的习惯，意为“过去常常”。OnSundayshe_gotocallontheoldmanwhenhewasyoung.I_getuplate,butnowIhavegotusedtogettingupveryearly.XiaoLi_beamodelworker.Heisnowauniversitystudent.,would,usedto,usedto,八,-,24,九可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare,情态动词(+动词原形),行为动词,.,need,dare,1.无人称和数的变化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或与hardly,never,noone,nobody连用;,3.常以neednt和darent的形式出现;,4.dare有其过去时dared.,多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing,-,25,Idarentaskherforarise.我不敢请求她加薪.Howdidyoudaretotellherthat?Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic.Idontknowhowshedarestowearthatdress.Doyouneedanyhelp?Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately.Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous.Thegardendoesntneedwateringatthemoment.Youneedntfinishthatworktoday.,-,26,十Should:1.（表示“义务、责任、劝告、建议”）应该、应当2.（常规推测）应该会、想必会3.（表惊讶、遗憾）竟然、居然4.（用于虚拟将来的条件句中）一旦、万一5.（用于表示命令、建议、请求的动词后面的that从句中，should可省略）应该、必须,-,27,1.Youshouldapologizetohim2.Thephotosshouldbereadyby12:003.Imgladthatyourstoryshouldhavewonthefirstprize4.Itsapitythatheshouldresign5.Ifsheshouldknowthetruth,shewouldbegreatlydepressed,-,28,1.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2002上海)A.canB.willC.mayD.shall2.Itsnearly7:00.Jack_behereatanymoment.(N95)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can,D,C,该句的意思为：“通知说所有的考生必须坐在位置上直到考卷收完了才能离开。”考生坐在位置上不能用“能够、将要、可以”来表示。而shall在第二、三人称里面表示一种“命令、警告、承诺”等。,-,29,3.-WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.-They_bereadyby12:00.(N1998)A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need4.Youcantimaginethatawell-behavedgentleman_besorudetoalady.(2001上海)A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would,B,C,此句应是店主对顾客的承诺。,should与how;why等表示疑问或否定的词连用时，用来表示一种惊奇的心情，意思为“居然、竟然”,-,30,十一情态动词短语的使用:,wouldliketodowouldratherdowouldrather+从句wouldprefertodo.hadbetterdo.,-,31,十二情态动词表推测,may/might（语气最不肯定，用于【肯、否】定句）可能can（语气肯定，用于【？，否，】句一般不用肯定句）可能（但can表示一时的行为和情形，也可用于肯定句）有时会，时而可能could（较can不确定，也可用于肯定句）可能must（语气最肯定，只用于肯定句）一定should（表可能性、推论、推测、期待等）按理该、估计,-,32,f.,A.对现在状态和动作的推测高考题点击：1.Peter_comewithustonight,butheisntverysureyet.(N1993)A.mustB.mayC.canD.will2.Michael_beapoliceman,forheismuchtooshort.(1994上海)A.needntB.cantC.shouldD.may,B,B,must加动词原形表示“必须做”；may加动词原形表示“可能会做”；can加动词原形表示“能够做”；can表示“可能性”时只用在问句和否定句中。该句的关键在于“butheisntsureyet”。,neednt表示“不必”；cant表示“肯定不”；后两个选项与句意差别太大。此句的关键在于“forheismuchtooshort”.,-,33,3.Itsnearly7:00.Jack_behereatanymoment.(N1995)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can4.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.(N1996)A.wont,cantB.mustnt,mayC.shouldnt,mustD.cant,should,C,B,must+be表示“肯定会”；need+be表示“需要在”；should+动词原形表示“非常有可能”；can表示可能性只用在否定和疑问句中。,前句表示“你不能玩刀”，此处的“不能”并非表示“能力”，而是表示“允许”，所以只能用“mustnt”；后句表示“可能会伤着你自己”，故用may。,-,34,B.对过去动作或状态的推测Tomoughtnotto_meyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.(N1993)A.havetoldB.tellC.betellingD.havingtold2.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI_forher.(N1994)A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout,A,C,oughtto相当于should；此句的关键是“Hemeantnoharm”，显然指的是过去的事。,shouldhavewritten意指“本该写但实际上并没有写”。,-,35,十二情态动词表责备,may/mighthavedone（语气委婉）过去本可能做而未做can/couldhavedone（语气委婉）过去本可能做而未做shouldhavedoneoughttohavedone（语气强烈）过去本应该做而未做neednthavedone（无责备之意）过去本不必做却做了didntneedtodo过去不必做也没做,-,36,十三表未完成的愿望,1.was/weretohavedone过去原打算做却没做成2.shouldwouldlikelovetohavedoneshould/wouldhaveliked/lovedtodo过去本想做而没做成3.hadwantedmeant,hoped,intendedtodowantedmeant,hoped,intendedtohavedone过去真该做而没做4was/weregoingto5.wouldratherhavedone过去宁愿做而没做wouldrathernothavedone过去不宁愿做而做了,-,37,1.Must,1.表示必须、应该2.偏偏、偏要、硬要、非要（表示与说话人愿望相反或不耐烦）3.表示肯定的猜测,但只用于肯定句，4.而mustnt表示“禁止、不准许、不可以”,Must表示主观2.Haveto表示客观需求,3.must+have+p.pmustbe+adj/n,对过去事情的肯定猜测。对现在事情的推测,Eg.Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.Whymustitalwaysrainonweekends?Ifyoumustsmoke,doitoutside,please.Youmustnttakephotoshere.Itsforbidden.,十四其它,-,38,4havetodo（客观上实际情况）不得不做1).Thereisnobushere,andyouhavetogoonfoot2).BecauseitisSunday,wedonthavetogotoschool3).-Must/Needwehandinourcompositionnow?-Yes,youmust-No,youneednt/youdonthaveto,-,39,5).Cannot/cannevertoocannotenough无论怎么也不过分；越越好；非常Icantthankyouenoughsinceitisagoodthing,wecannotdoittoosoon6).CannothelpdoingIcannothelpadmiringthepicture7).Cannothelp(to)do不能帮助做,-,40,(2010)高考题组（全国I）29Justbepatient.YouexpecttheworldtochangesosoonAcantBneedntCmaynotDwillnot（北京）23.-Goodmorning.IvegotanappointmentwithMissSmithinthePersonnelDepartment.-Ah,goodmorning.YoubeMrs.Peters.A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.can（安徽）32Jackdescribedhisfather,who_abraveboymanyyearsago,asastrong-willedmanA.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.musthavebeen,-,41,（江苏）25.-Ihaventgotthereferencebookyet,butIllhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.-Dontworry.You_haveitbyFriday.A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may（辽宁）26.Doctorssaythatexerciseisimportantforhealth,butitberegularexerciseA.canB.willC.mustD.may（山东）25.I_havewatchedthatmovieitllgivemehorribledreams.A.shouldntB.needntC.couldntD.mustnt,-,42,（上海）29.-Sorry,ProfessorSmith.Ididntfinishtheassignmentyesterday.-Oh,youhavedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.A.mustB.mustntC.shouldD.shouldnt（浙江）17.”You_haveawrongnumber,”shesaid.“Theresnooneofthatnamehere.”A.needB.canC.mustD.would（重庆）21.Youparkhere!Itsanemergencyexit.A.wouldntB.needntC.couldntD.mustnt,-,43,1(2011年高考福建卷)Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.I_it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.AattendedBhadattendedCwouldattendDwouldhaveattended解析：句意：“你错过了关于核污染的讲座真是遗憾。”“我本想去听的，但我忙着准备工作面试。”由语境可知，此处表示“本想去而事实上没去”，为虚拟语气。叙述与过去事实相反的情况要用wouldhavedone，故D项正确。答案：D,(2011)高考题组,-,44,2(2011年高考浙江卷)Howsyournewbabysitter?We_askforabetterone.Allourkidslovehersomuch.AshouldBmightCmustntDcouldnt解析：根据后置语境Allourkidslovehersomuch.可知，前面的句子应表示肯定意义，又由于句中出现了better这一比较级的单词，所以空格处用否定形式，构成“形容词的比较级用于否定句中表示最高级含义”的情形。mustnt表示“禁止，不许”；couldnt表示“不可能”，所以D项意义正确。句意：“你们的新保姆怎么样？”“我们找不到更好的了，我们所有的孩子都那么喜欢她。”答案：D,-,45,3(2011年高考江苏卷)Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone_it.AwillhavestolenBmighthavestolenCshouldhavestolenDmusthavestolen解析：句意：“我把手提包忘在了火车上，但幸运的是有个人把它交给了铁路部门的一名官员。”“还能找回来多么令人难以置信！我的意思是，有人原本可能把它偷走的。”mighthavedone“可能已经”，表示对过去发生之事的不太肯定的推测，符合题意。willhavedone表示将来完成时；shouldhavedone本应该做某事但实际未做；musthavedone表示对过去发生之事的肯定推测。答案：B,-,46,4(2011年高考湖南卷)Noone_becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.Oh,youarereallyhisbigfan.AcanBneedCmustDmight解析：句意：“在打篮球方面，没有人能够与姚明相比。”“哦，你真是他的铁杆球迷。”can能够；need需要；must必须；might也许。由句意可知A项正确。答案：A,-,47,5(2011年高考辽宁卷)Ifyou_go,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.AcanBmayCmustDwill解析：句意：如果你一定要走，至少也要等暴风雨停了再走。must表示“一定，必须”符合语境。其他选项语气较弱，均不符合句子中有暴风雨却必须要走的语气。答案：C,-,48,5(2011年高考江西卷)It_bethepostmanatthedoor.Itsonlysixoclock.AmustntBcantCwontDneednt解析句意：门口的人不可能是邮递员，现在才六点。mustnt禁止，不许；cant不可能；wont将不会；neednt不需要。根据“现在才六点”可知说话者作出“不可能”的推断。答案B,-,49,6Goodmorning.IvegotanappointmentwithMissSmithinthePersonnelDepartment.Ah，goodmorning.You_beMrs.Peters.AmightBmustCwouldDcan解析此处考查must表示肯定推测的用法。根据“Ivegotana