小学生英语语法：名词PPT课件

-,1,名词,noun,-,2,本章节内容,一.名词定义,二.名词分类,三.单复数变化,四.名词所有格,五.习题集,-,3,一.名词的定义,名词(n)：noun表示人、动物、物品、地点以及抽象概念的词。即所有东西的名字都是名词。,-,4,名词,专有名词,普通名词,可数名词,不可数名词,单数形式,复数形式,二.名词的分类,-,5,表示特定的人或事物的名称，首个字母要大写，前面一般不加冠词,所有人的名字；大洲、大洋、江河的名称；国家、城市和地名；建筑物和街道的名字；月份、星期和节日的名称；团体、机构、组织的名称。,（一）专用名词,-,6,不属于特定的人、事物名称的词，包括我们平时吃的、喝的东西，动物的名称，物质的名称以及一些抽象概念等。,可数名词：可以一个一个地数的名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。2.不可数名词：不能够一个一个地数出来的名词。,（二）普通名词,-,7,1一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”如：mapmaps，bagbagsbook-books，hat-hats，pencil-pencils，girl-girls,三.名词的单复数变换,（一）名词的单数形式一般在名词前面加上“a”或“an”，表示“一个”。如：abook，anorange,（二）名词单复数的规则变换：,-,8,2以s，sh，ch，x等结尾的词加“es”如：busbuseswatchwatchesbeach-beachesbrush-brushesbox-boxesclass-classesglass-glasseslunchlunches,-,9,3以“辅音字母y”结尾的词，变y为i加es如：babybabiescity-cities，family-familiescountry-countries以元音字母y结尾的词变复数时，直接加s如：monkeymonkeysdaydays，playplays，boyboys，toytoys,-,10,4以o结尾的名词变复数时：1）以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词，加es如：tomatotomatoes（西红柿）potatopotatoes（土豆）hero-heroes（英雄）Negronegroes（黑人）,-,11,2)以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词，加-s如：radioradioszoozooskangarookangaroos注意例外情况：photophotospianopianos,-,12,5.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v，再加es。如：wife-wives，leaf-leaveshalfhalvesknife-knivesthief-thievesshelfshelves注意例外情况：gulfgulfsroof-roofschief-chiefs,-,13,（三）名词单复数的不规则变化：,有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s,而是变换其中的字母，如：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenEnglishman-Englishmenfoot-feet，toothteeth在词尾加“en”或“ren”child-childrenox-oxen(公牛)mousemice老鼠,-,14,2.表示某国人，通常在单数后面加s。但是中日友好不变化，英法联军a变e如：Chinese（中国人）Japanese（日本人）EnglishmanEnglishmen（英国人）FranchFrench（法国人）,-,15,3.单复数同形,fishfishsheepsheepcattlecattledeerdeer,-,16,4.除人民币元、角、外，美元、英镑、欧元等都有复数形式。,例词:adollartwodollarsonepoundtwopounds,-,17,四.名词的所有格,名词的表示所属关系的形式叫做名词所有格，意思为“的”。,例如：Damingsmotherisahotelmanager.其中Damings“大明的”，为名词所有格,-,18,1）单数名词一般直接加s例：_hatlookslikeacat.(Lucy)2）不以s结尾的复数名词加s例：Thisshopsells_(child)toys.3）以s/es结尾的复数名词加例：Theyarethe_(twin)desks.,Lucys,twins,childrens,（一）表示有生命的名词所有格在名词后面加s。其变换规律如下：,-,19,（二）表示无生命的名词所有格用“of”例：1）thedooroftheclassroom（教室的门）2）thetopofthehill（山顶）,4）表示两个或两个以上的人共同所有的事物时,只在最后一个名词上加s例：Heis_father.(KateandJim)5）表示两个或两个以上的人各自所有的事物时,每个名词后都加s,后面的名词用复数例：_mothersareinthesamefactory.(KateandJim),KateandJims,KatesandJims,-,20,-,21,1选出下列名词复数形式的正确拼写：1）deerA.deersB.deer2）childA.childrenB.childs3）toyA.toysB.toies4）matchA.matchesB.matchs5）leafA.leafsB.leaves6）AmericanA.AmericansB.American7）cityA.citysB.cities8）mouthA.mouthsB.mouthes9）mandoctorA.mendoctorsB.mendoctor10）babydogA.babiesdogB.babydogs答案：1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._,名词的单复数练习,-,22,2、写出下列名词的复数形式broomcartree_horse_bus_fox_branch_class_baby_family_country_radiophoto_piano_knifeleaf_life_thief_man_woman_child_foot_womanteacher_appletree_stepson_,brooms,cars,trees,horses,buses,foxes,branches,classes,babies,appletrees,feet,leaves,photos,families,stepsons,womenteachers,children,women,lives,pianos,countries,radios,knives,thieves,men,-,23,orangeclasstextmonkey_pianochildshelfsheep_countryfamilytoyfoot_Japaneseradiophotoarmy_tomatofoxwoman_knife_micethanksgeesebook_hair_meat_boy_flower_baby_zoo_watch_people_,oranges,classes,texts,monkeys,pianos,foxes,shelves,sheep,countries,books,feet,tomatoes,photos,families,babies,hair,children,women,flowers,armies,toys,radios,knives,goose,meat,Japanese,mouse,thank,boys,people,watches,zoos,-,24,3.选择填空1）There_onthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.A.arephotoesB.arephotosC.isaphotoD.isphotos2）Thiskindofcar_madeinShanghai.A.isB.areC.wereD.has3）Therearefour_andtwo_inthegroup.A.Japanese,GermenBJapaneses,GermenC.Japanese,GermanD.Japanese,Germans4）Thats_artbook.A.anB.aC.theD.are,B,A,D,A,-,25,5）Theboyshavegot_already.A.twobreadB.twobreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread6）Theoldmanwants_.A.sixboxesofapplesB.sixboxesofappleC.sixboxofapplesD.sixboxsofapples7）There_some_intheriver.A.is,fishB.are,fishsC.is,fishsD.are,fish8）There_two_inthebox.A.iswatchB.arewatchesC.arewatchD.iswatches,C,A,D,B,-,26,9）Weshouldclean_twiceaday.A.ourtoothB.ourtoothsC.teethD.ourteeth10）The_meetingroomisnearthereadingroom.A.teacherB.teachersC.teachersD.teachers11）InBritain_areallpaintedred.A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersbox12）Arethese_cars?No,theyarebuses.A.aB.anC./D.the13）Six_areinthesixth_.A.pen,boxB.pens,boxC.pens,boxsD.pens,boxes,D,C,A,C,B,-,27,14）Theretwoapplesonthetable.A.areB.isC.amD./15）Aretheseyourbikes?Yes,.A.theseareB.theyareC.thoseareD.theyre16）Theyarepencils.A./B.anC.aD.this17）Howmuchdoyouhaveathome?A.riceB.bananaC.appleD.pear18）Icanseeinthebox.A.abreadB.somebreadC.somebreadsD.anybread19）Abottleoforangeonthetable.A.isB.areC.putsD.put,A,B,A,B,A,A,-,28,20）Look!Somemeatinthebox.Somepearsinthebasket.A.is,isB.are,areC.is,areD.are,is21）Howmanywouldyoulike?A.orangeB.bottleoforange.C.bottlesoforange.Dabottleoforange.22）Arethese?A.bananatreeB.bananatreesC.bananastreeD.bananastrees23）booksarethereunderthedesk?A.HowmuchB.WhatC.HowmanyD.How24）Iwanttobuy.A.ashoesB.apairofshoesC.apairshoeD.pairofshoe,C,C,B,C,B,-,29,25）Thearerunningonthe.A.deer,grassesB.deers,grassCdeer,grass26）Howmanydoyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatosB.tomatoesC.tomatoD.thetomato27）Theyare.A.womanteachersB.womenteachersC.womenteacherD.womanteacher28）Wouldyoulike.Please?A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwaterC.twoglassofwatersD.twoglassesofwaters29）Therearesomeinthese.A.knifes,pencil-boxesB.knives,pencils-boxC.knives,pencil-boxesD.knives,pencils-boxes,C,B,C,B,B,-,30,30）Thereisnointheplate.A.applesB.orangesC.riceD.eggs31）Iwassohungryandatetwo.A.bowlsofnoodleB.bowlsofnoodlesC.bowlofnoodles32）Iliketoeatcakewith.A.cherriesB.cherryC.cherrys33）andarenotfriends.A.Foxs,wolfsB.Foxes,wolfsC.Foxes,wolves,C,C,A,B,-,31,4、填入所给名词的正确形式,1）Ihavetwo(knife).2）Therearemanyhere.(box)3）Therearemanyontheroad.(bus)4）Afewaredrewingonthewall.(boy)5）Theareplayingfootballnow.(child),knives,boxes,buses,boys,children,-,32,1.选择填空1）Isthis_book?A.LileiB.LileisC.lileis2）The_Parkwillopennextweek.A.ChildrensB.ChildrensC.ChildrenD.Childrens3）Thisisroom.（莉莉和露西的房间）4）Theyarerooms.（莉莉和露西的房间）,B,A,名词所有格练习,LilyandLucys,LilysandLucys,-,33,5）Isthis_book?A.LileiB.LileisC.lileis6）Thisis_car