高中英语语法专题复习_省略句[1].ppt

Ellipsis省略,在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。如：,Begyoupardon.,Soundslikeagoodidea.,（I）Begyoupardon.,(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.,定义,一简单句中的省略,1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略,Doesntmatter.,(It)doesntmatter.,(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.,2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如：,（省略主语和谓语）,What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?,Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?,3、省略表语。,Areyouthirsty?Yes,Iam.,Hisbrotherisntlazy,norishissister.,(thirsty).,(lazy).,4、同时省略几个成分,Letsmeetatthesameplaceasyesterday.,(wemet),同时省略主、谓语,Haveyoufinishedyourwork?Notyet.,Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.,Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.,Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.,Mybrotherisadoctorandmysister-in-law(is)alawyer.,（省略相同的谓语动词）,1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。,Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.,(isgetting),(is),省略相同的谓语动词,二并列句中的省略,1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如：,Sorrytohearyouareill.,Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.,(Im),(Itsa),三复合句中的省略,AreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?Ithinkso.,so,ImleavingforBeijingthisSunday.,Tommustbefreetoday.Ifso,hecanhelpus.,so,heisfree.,主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替,Itisgoingtorain,isntit?Ihopenot.,not,itisnotgoingtorain.,这种用法常见的有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.Whynot?等等。,Weallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundthesun.,(that),2.宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。,Marysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandthatsheis16yearsold.,(that),3.定语从句中的省略在定语从句中，that,which,who在从句中作宾语时可省略。,Ihaventreadthebook(that/which)yourereading.,(that/which),Theman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedtoisourEnglishteacher,Mr.Smith.,(that/who),4.状语从句中的省略在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中和though,although引导的让步状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。,Whenaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.,Whenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.,he,Ifheisfree,Jackwillgowithus.,hewas,Iffree,Jackwillgowithus.,heis,Unlessinvited,hewontcome.,Unlessheisinvited,hewontcome.,he,Whileheisdoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.,heis,Whiledoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.,heis,he,动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同部分，只保留to，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be，have,havebeen时，要保留这些词。,Areyougoingthere?Yes,Idliketo.,Hedidntgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto.,Areyouanengineer?No,butIwantto.,Hehasntfinishedthetaskyet.Well,heoughtto.,(gothere).,(givemethechance).,be,have,四不定式中的省略,Attention!,使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。,InoticedamantoentertheclassroomwhenIpassedby.,Amanwasnoticedtoentertheclassroom.,to,X,这类使役动词及感官动词主要有,一“感”:,二“听”:,三“让”:,四“看”:,feel,hear,listento,have,make,let,watch,notice,observe,see,在以if引导的非真实条件句中若含有were,had,should时，常可以省略if而将were,had,should置于句首。,WereIyou,IdgivetheAIDSpatientahug.,Were,HadIalotofmoney,Idaidthepoorchildren.,Had,Shouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?,Should,虚拟条件句中的省略,IfIwereyou,IdgivetheAIDSpatientahug.,IfIhadalotofmoney,Idaidthepoorchildren.,Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.,(should),在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可”或“禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气的，should常可以省略。如：,Hissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutrightaway.,(should),Theorderthatweshouldstaywhereweareisveryseriousandsevere.,(should),Itsveryimportantthatstudentsshouldstudyhardatschool.,(should),Practice,ExercisesaboutEllipsis.,Discoveringusefulstructures,3.,Rewritethesesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.,Theburnthatshegotfromtheironwasredanditwasverypainful.,(_),P37,2.Aboywasontheleftsideofthesickwoman,andagirlwasontherightsideofthesickwoman.3.Shehasadaughterwhoisinhospital.4.Hewenttothedoctorbecausehehadtogotothedoctor.,(_),(_),(_),5.Didshepassthefirstaidtestthatshedidyesterdayordidntshepass?,ornot.,6.Shecouldnotdecidedwhethertosendhimtohospitalornottosendhimtohospital.7.Whenyournoseisbleeding,youshouldbendforwardsothatthebloodrunsoutofyournoseandtheblooddoesntrundownyourthroat.8.Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirstaidcoursebutmostofthestudentshaventdoneafirstaidcourse.,notdownyourthroat.,Thesesentencesarecorrect.However,oneormorewordshavebeenleftout.Canyoutellyourpartnerwhichwordsaremissing?,1)Thecottagesurroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.,Thecottage(whichis)surroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.,P374.,2)ThefirstbookIreadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond.,Thefirstbook(that)Ireadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond(bookthatIreadthisterm).,3)Toherteacherssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthanexpected.,Toherteacherssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthan(shewas)expected(todo).,4)Idontthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave.,Idontthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave(returnedfromthehospital).,5)Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidnt.,Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidnt(wanttohelptheaccidentvictim).,6)Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto.,Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto(borrowmyfirstaidnotes).,I.Choosethebestanswers.,1)-Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework?-IamdoingtheseexercisesnowsothatIwonthave_onSunday.A.itB.themC.forD.to,2)-ShallIinviteAnntomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?-Yes.Itllbefineifyou_.A.areB.canC.inviteD.do3)-Arentyouthemanager?-No,andI_A.dontwanttoB.dontwanttobeC.dontwantbeD.dontwant,4)-Illbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?-Notatall_.A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdlikeitD.Idbegladto5)-Wontyouhaveanothertry?-_.A.Yes,IwillhaveB.Yes,IwonthaveC.Yes,IwontD.Yes,Iwill,7)-Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?-_?A.IdontthinkB.No,IdontthinkC.IdontthinksoD.No,Idontso8)-Haveyoufedthecat?-No,but_.A.ImB.IamC.ImjustgoingD.Imjustgoingto,II.单项选择1.-Iwontdoitanymore.-_?A.WhydontB.WhydontdoitanymoreC.WhynotD.Whynotto2.Although_tostop,hekeptonworking.A.tellB.tellingC.havingtoldD.told3.-Willyouwastetimeandmoneyonthat?-Certainly_.A.InotB.dontC.notD.no,4.-Marydidntattendthelecture,didshe?-Yes,she_.A.attendedB.didntattendC.didntD.did5.-WhatsJohndoing?-_newspapersintheroom.A.ShereadingB.ShereadsC.ToreadD.Reading6._alwayssucceed.A.HonestandcleverstudentsB.StudentswhohonestandcleverC.HoneststudentsandcleverD.Studentsarehonestandclever,7.-Canyouclimbthattree,myboy?-_?A.IB.MyselfC.MineD.Me8.Somepeopleareagainsttheplanbut_supportit.A.anymoreB.manymoreC.muchmoreD.nomore9.-Illbeawayforabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?-Notatall._.A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdliketoD.Idbehappyto,10.-Whynotgoandhaveadinnerinarestaurant?-_.Itstooexpensive.A.WhynotB.IagreeC.ImafraidnotD.Imsure11._Ihadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.IfB.UnlessC.HadD.When12.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?-_herbicycle.AsshelostB.LostC.BecauseoflosingD.Losing,II.下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。1.Ourhometownisnolongerwhatitusedto.2.WhenIintrouble,Ialwaysturntoherforhelp.3.Tompickedupacoinintheroadandhandedonetoapoliceman.,be,第一个I后加am或去掉第一个I,it,4.Noonecanbearbeinglaughedinpublic.5.Whencomparingwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesntseembigatall.6.Thegoodswereorderedlastmonthhaventarrivedyet.,at,compared,goods后加that或去掉were,语法应试I.改写句子（使用省略手段避免下面各句重复与冗赘）1.Someonehasusedmymobilephone,butIdontknowwhohasusedit.2.Johnworkedhardbuthisbrotherdidnotworkhard.3.Ihavelazystudentsandhardworkingstudentsinmyclass.4.-Hasheeverbeenabroad?-No,hehasneverbeenabroad.,5.Ifitisnecessary,wewillfinishitaheadoftime.6.Youmustnotbelateandyoumustnotbeabsent.7.Givemeyournameandaddress,please.8.Itiswelldone.9.Mothercantakearest,MothershouldtakearestbutMotherwonttakearestafterlonghoursofwork.10.Hecouldanswerthequestionsverywellifhewouldanswerthequestionsbuthedidntanswerthequestions.,【语法专项训练】【单项选择【1“Islippedonthestairs.Ithinkmyarmisbroken.”“Oh!I_.”A.donothopetoB.donothopeC.hopenotsoD.hopenot2.“IsProfessorTateverysick?”“Imafraid_.”A.soB.thisC.toD.that3.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_.A.itB.thoseC.themD.one4.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotdo,5.“Doyouthinkitsgoingtorainovertheweekend?”“_.”A.IdontbelieveB.IdontbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.Ibelievenot6.“Dontforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.”“_.”A.IdontB.IwontC.IcantD.Ihavent7.“Illbeawayonbusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?”“Notatall._.”A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdlikeitD.Idbehappyto,8.“Whydontwetakealittlebreak?”“Didntwejusthave_?”A.itB.thatC.oneD.that9.“Therewillbeanewfilmonshow.”“Imafraid_.”A.soB.maybeC.notD.that10.“Weallhatepollution.”“_.”A.Yes,everyonehatesB.Yes,everyonedoesC.No,IlikenotD.No,Idont,高考真题,1.Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?_,please.（NMET2005，全国卷II，12）A.NomoreB.JustalittleC.IvehadenoughD.Yes,Iwould,2.Itlltakeatleast2hourstodothis!Oh,_!Icoulddoitin30minutes.(NMET2005，上海39)A.comeonB.pardonmeC.yourarerightD.dontmentionit,高考真题,3.Howaboutputtingsomepicturesintothereport?_Apictureisworthathousandwords.（NMET2005，江苏，24）A.Noway.B.Whynot?C.Allright?D.Nomatter.,4.When_help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“Itskindofyou.”(NMET2005，福建，33)A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeofferedD.offered,高考真题,5.Whydidntyoubuythecamerayouhadlongedfor?Iplanedto,butIwas50_.（NMET2005，福建，34）A.fewerB.lessC.cheapD.short,6.Wouldyoumindmycomingoverandhavingalookatyournewgarden?Mylittlesonscuriousaboutthoserosesyougrow.”_.Yourewelcome.(NMET2005，湖北，25)A.Yes,IdoB.NevermindC.Yes,pleaseD.Notatall,高考真题,7.Tom:Mike,ourteamwillplayagainsttheRocketsthisweekend.Imsurewewillwin.Mike:_!（NMET2005，广东，21）A.CongratulationsB.CheersC.BestwishesD.Goodluck,8.Tara:ThisisTaraPatelfromcottonHouseinKidderminster.CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?Smith:_(NMET2005，广东，22）A.Hello!B.ImMr.Smith.C.Whoareyou?D.Speaking,高考真题,9.Myfamilyusuallygoesskatingforvacation.Ilikeskating,butIwanttotrysomethingdifferentthisyear._（NMET2005，重庆，22）A.Letsgo.B.Cheerup.C.Likewhat?D.Takecare.,10.HaveyoubeentoNewZealand?No,Idliketo,_.(NMET2005，山东，21）A.tooB.thoughC