流程图ppt课件

流程图,6s绿带培训霍尼韦尔公司,1,学习目标,流程图在过程改进中的地位流程图的作用如何按步骤建立流程图顶级流程图与详细流程图的区别完成流程图练习学习附例中的流程图,2,流程图,应描述过程中的主要活动任务子过程过程界面（顶级与详细）过程输入X过程输出Y过程步骤输出y应经常检查并更新流程图,3,什么是流程图,以图形的方式描述某一过程的流程，包括过程的各个步骤，及各步骤的输入x及输出y和需改进之处。,TypicalOrderFulfillmentProcess,CustomerPlacesOrder,Sendordertowarehouseforpicking,Isordercorrect?,No,Yes,CallCustomerandmakecorrections.,IsProductAvailable?,No,Yes,Pickproductfororder,DoesCustomerhaveothershipments?,Yes,No,Willproductbeavailablebeforeorderships?,Yes,Placeorderonholduntilproductavailable,No,Isproductionscheduledtomanufactureproduct?,Canproductionmanufactureproductintimeforshipping?,No,Yes,No,WillCustomeracceptbackorders?,Yes,Expeditemanufacturingschedule,No,Yes,WillCustomerallowconsolidatedshipments?,Yes,No,ConsolidateOrders,CustomerReceivesOrder,OrderEntry,Warehousing,Sales,Manufacturing,Transportation,4,流程图的层次结构,顶层流程图主要用于对关键过程或过程特性进行定位通常着眼于某一产品过程的流程步骤反映过程各步骤之间的线性顺序关系虽遵循过程的流程，但对新手而言，缺乏详细信息不易于顺利完成相关任务。,详细流程图主要用于理解有关过程运行及决策点的细节通常着眼于工作区域内的一至二个过程应作为作业指导书用于制订FMEA及控制计划反映由决策点产生的流程回路有助于顺利完成相关任务,5,流程图的多种用途,1.对过程现状按步骤进行了详细描述，便于交流及讨论。2.指明了过程不足之处，亦即需改进之处。根据客户所期望的过程输出消除非增值步骤或增加必要的步骤。3.记录幕后工厂。,6,记住，建立流程图的前提是对问题的准确描述,7,制订顶层流程图,确定相关过程的主要输入及与客户方相关的输出，以及输出输入之间的联系。,8,确定过程界面内的各个步骤,LabelBody,2,InsertSpirol,Pin,3,Assemble,Pistons,4,Assemble,Cover,5,Station1BodyAssembly,AD-SPAirDryer,Paperwork,1,7,Stores,9,绘出检测点,用菱形决策框表示。必须在决策框内加入问题。只要有检测点存在，总会根据检测标准作出通过或不通过的决定。检测会导致流程反向，出现返工流程回路或报废。问题应以具体客观为宜。,6Test,Isthepinseatedcorrectly?DoestheOringfunctionproperly?Isthecoveralignedcorrectly?,10,列出每一步骤的输出变量y（过程及产品）,2,InsertSpirol,Pin,3,Assemble,Pistons,4,Assemble,Cover,5,AD-SPAirDryerBodyAssembly,Paperwork,1,7,RouteTicket,OrientationLabeladhesion,GreasedOringScrewpositionadj.,Flushw/surface,LabelBody,OringpositionCoverorientationSnapringinserted,Stores,FunctionalAssembly,Rework,Isthepinseatedcorrectly?DoestheOringfunctionproperly?Isthecoveralignedcorrectly?,各步骤输出y与过程输出Y有何关系?如无关系又如何?,Test,6,11,列出每一步骤的输入变量x,2,InsertSpirol,Pin,3,Assemble,Pistons,4,Assemble,Cover,5,AD-SPAirDryerBodyAssembly,Paperwork,1,7,RouteTicket,OrientationLabeladhesion,GreasedOringScrewpositionadj.,Flushw/surface,LabelBody,OringpositionCoverorientationSnapringinserted,Stores,FunctionalAssembly,Rework,Billsofmaterials,ISOProcedures,Cleanliness,Material,PressForce,Material,AssyTechnique,AmountofGrease,Material,Assytechnique,AdjustmentPos.,SnapRing,Insertion,Material,TestCapability,Calibration,Test,6,Isthepinseatedcorrectly?DoestheOringfunctionproperly?Isthecoveralignedcorrectly?,各步骤输出x与过程输出Y及各步骤输出y有何关系?,12,按特性对输入分类（噪声变量，标准操作程序,可控制变量，关键变量）,SBillsofmaterials,SISOProcedures,SCleanliness,CMaterial,XPressForce,CMaterial,SAssyTechnique,CAmountofGrease,CMaterial,SAssytechnique,NAdjustmentPos.,CSnapRing,CInsertion,CMaterial,XTestCapability,SCalibration,2,InsertSpirol,Pin,3,Assemble,Pistons,4,Assemble,Cover,5,AD-SPAirDryerBodyAssembly,Paperwork,1,7,RouteTicket,OrientationLabeladhesion,GreasedOringScrewpositionadj.,Flushw/surface,LabelBody,OringpositionCoverorientationSnapringinserted,Stores,FunctionalAssembly,Rework,Test,6,Isthepinseatedcorrectly?DoestheOringfunctionproperly?Isthecoveralignedcorrectly?,13,过程输入变量,噪声输入变量（N）：对各步骤输出变量y的波动有影响的输入变量x，常难以控制或不加控制，如：湿度，温度等环境参数。标准操作程序（SOP）：运行过程所需的标准操作程序。可控制输入变量（C）：属于过程输入变量X，其变化会使过程输出变量Y也随之改变，即会引起输出效应。有时也称该类变量为刻度变量。关键输入变量（X）：属于过程输入变量X中经统计显示对过程输出变量Y的波动影响大的输入变量。,Noise,SOP,Controllable,Critical,14,对可控制及关键输入变量（如存在）加入操作规范及目标值,2,InsertSpirol,Pin,3,Assemble,Pistons,4,Assemble,Cover,5,Paperwork,1,7,RouteTicket,OrientationLabeladhesion,GreasedOringScrewpositionadj.,Flushw/surface,LabelBody,OringpositionCoverorientationSnapringinserted,Stores,FunctionalAssembly,Rework,AD-SPAirDryerBodyAssembly,Test,6,Isthepinseatedcorrectly?DoestheOringfunctionproperly?Isthecoveralignedcorrectly?,SBillsofmaterials,SISOProcedures,SCleanliness,CMaterial,XPressForce,CMaterial,SAssyTechnique,CAmountofGrease,CMaterial,SAssytechnique,NAdjustmentPos.,CSnapRing,CInsertion,CMaterial,XTestCapability,SCalibration,15,确定增值及非增值步骤,AD-SPAirDryerBodyAssembly,LabelBody,2,InsertSpirol,Pin,3,Assemble,Pistons,4,Assemble,Cover,5,Paperwork,1,1,FunctionalAssembly,Rework,RouteTicket,OrientationLabeladhesion,GreasedOringScrewpositionadj.,Flushw/surface,OringpositionCoverorientationSnapringinserted,Test,6,Isthepinseatedcorrectly?DoestheOringfunctionproperly?Isthecoveralignedcorrectly?,SBillsofmaterials,SISOProcedures,SCleanliness,CMaterial,XPressForce,CMaterial,SAssyTechnique,CAmountofGrease,CMaterial,SAssytechnique,NAdjustmentPos.,CSnapRing,CInsertion,CMaterial,XTestCapability,SCalibration,16,流程图在过程改进中的作用,ProcessMap,CauseandEffectsMatrix,InitialAssessmentofCapabilityandControlPlans,FunctionalAssembly,Rework,因果矩阵,流程图,失效模式及后果分析,FMEA,初期能力评估与控制计划,17,流程图制订要点,依靠团队制订流程图，个人不可能具备所有的知识。应在各种不同条件下考察过程。应在过程实际运行时加以考察并记录所需细节。制订流程图初稿时，为避免书写空间不够，可在即时贴上写下各流程步骤，贴于墙上以确定书写布局。流程图定稿时，如书写空间不够，可加入附页，并以页码为参考。流程图应根据需要加以维护和修改，并记录更改日期。过程改进时应参考流程图。,