医学英语suffix第3章.ppt

Suffix,后缀,简单后缀复合后缀,简单后缀:-ia-病，-症,复合后缀：-penia,-uria,-plegia,-odynia,-malacia,-ectasia,-(o)rrhagia,-algia,-emia,-penia,leucopenia,lju:kpi:niLeucolju:ku白白细胞减少,不足，缺少,减少,Erythropeniai,rirpi:nierythroiriro红红细胞减少,lymphopenia,limfupi:nilympholimfu淋巴淋巴细胞减少,thrombopenia,rmbupi:nithrombormbu血小板血小板减少,-uria,Hematuria,hi:mtjuriHemat血血尿,尿（症）,-plegia/pli:di/中风，麻痹,thermoplegia热射病，中暑Sunstroke/heatstroke,-odyniaudini痛,cardiodynia心痛,ka:diudini,-malaciamlei软化,osteomalacia(oste/o/malacia)骨软化,stiumlei(i),-ectasiaekteiziorectasisektsis扩张，膨胀,nephrectasia(nephr/ectasia)肾扩张,-ectasis扩张,angiectasis血管扩张bronchiectasis(细)支气管扩张,brkiektsis,-algialdi痛,arthralgia(arthr/algia)a:rldi关节痛neuralgia神经痛njurldi,-emia/i:mi/血病,血症,leukemia(leuk/emia)/lju:ki:mi/白血病bacteremia/,bktri:mi/菌血症Septicemia/,septisimi/败血症hypercholesterolemia/,haipk,lestruli:mj/高胆固醇血症,-orrhagia出血,gastrorrhagia/,gstrreidi/(gastr/o/rrhagia)胃出血,简单后缀-y:condition,act,process-术，-法，-症,复合后缀-scopy,-ostomy,-orrhaphy,-metry,-otomy,-ectomy,-graphy,-iatry,-ology,-pexy,-plasty,-megaly,-scopy(3)镜检查,laryngoscopy/,lrigskpi/喉镜检查bronchoscopy/brkskpi/支气管镜检查gastroscopy/gstrskpi/胃镜检查colonoscopy/,kulnskpi/结肠镜检查cystoscopy/sistskpi/膀胱镜检查,-ostomy造口(术)或吻合(术),anastomosis/nstmusis/吻合术colostomy/klstmi/结肠造口术gastrostomy(gastr/o/stomy)/gstrstmi/胃造口术,-orrhaphy缝合术colporrhaphy/klp:rfi/阴道缝合术herniorrhaphy/hni:rfi/疝缝合术,arthroplastya:r,plsti关节成形术urethroplastyjuri:r,plsti尿道成形术osteoplastysti,plsti骨成形术,-plasty(4)成形术,-pexy/peksi/固定术,hepatopexy(hepat/o/pexy)/hept,peksi/肝固定手术gastropexy胃固定手术,-ology(3)学,pharmacology/,famkldi/pharmac/o/logy药理学,-logist(3)学家,urologist(ur/o/logist)/,jurldist/泌尿学家,-iatryoriatrics愈合,医.之术,podiatry医足术/pudaitri/,-ectomy切除(术),laryngectomy,lrindektmi喉切除术thyroidectomy,airidektmi甲状腺切除术mastectomymstektmi乳房切除术cholecystectomy,klisistektmi胆囊切除术appendectomy,pndektmi阑尾切除术,-otomy切开(术),laparotomylprtmi剖腹术tracheotomytrkitmi气管切开术craniotomy,kreinitmi颅骨切开术,-metry测量,测定(术）,dynamometrydainmmitri肌力测量法pelvimetrypelvimitri骨盆测量法,-megaly大,atriomegaly心房肥大ventriculomegaly心室扩大Splenomegaly/,spli:nmegli/脾大typhlomegaly盲肠巨大/i/,-e器械或名词后缀,复合后缀：-scope,-tome,-cele,-cyte,-tome刀,arthrotome(arthr/o/tome)关节刀,-cyte细胞,leukocyte(leuk/o/cyte)白细胞,-cele/si:l/突出，疝，肿,thyrocele(thyr/o/cele)甲状腺肿/airsi:l/,-scope镜,laryngoscope/,lrigskup/喉镜bronchoscope/brkskup/支气管镜laparoscope/lpruskup/腹腔镜Ophthalmoscope/flmskup/检眼镜,-itis(2)炎症hepatitis(hepat/itis)肝炎,-ist专家，学者,dermatologist(dermat/o/log/ist)/d:mtldist/皮肤病专家,-or(er)工作者(人或工具),incisor(in/cis/or)切牙/insaiz/,sclerosis(scler/osis)硬化症/sklirusis/,-osis(2)异常或病理情况,-oma(2)肿胀，肿瘤,sarcoma(sarc/oma)肉瘤/sa:kum/,-ism情况，前一情况的结果,embolism(em/bol/ism)栓塞/emblizm/,-(i)um(2)部分与整体关系，与有关,pericardium(peri/cardi/um)心包/,perika:djm/epigastrium(epi/gastr/ium)上腹部/,epigstrim/,-ac的,cardiac(cardi/ac)心脏的/ka:dik/,-al的,bronchial(bronch/i/al)支气管的/brkil/,-ar的,tonsillar(tonsill/ar)扁桃体的/tnsil/,-ic(2)的,hepatic(hepat/ic)肝的/hi:ptik/,-eal的,esophageal(esophag/eal)食道/i,sfdil/,-ary的,ciliary(cili/ary)睫状的/siliri/,-ous的含的分泌的,mucous(muc/ous)/mju:ks/粘液的fibrous(fibr/ous)/faibrs/纤维性的sebaceous(seb/ace/ous)/sibeis/皮脂的,-oid(3)类似，象,cystoid(cyst/oid)囊样的/sistid/,-meterinstrumentformeasuring测量用器具,thermometer(therm/o/meter)温度计,-meter(3)计、表,spirometer/spairmit/呼吸量计,肺量计ophthalmometer检眼计/,flmmit/,-rrhea/ri:/流出，分泌,diarrhea(dia/rrhea)腹泻/,dairi/,-lysis溶解decomposition解体,hemolysis(hem/o/lysis)溶血/hi:mlsis/,-pathy/pi/病，病理情况,ophthalmopathy(ophthalm/o/pathy)眼病,-blast原始细胞,hemocytoblast(hem/o/cyt/o/blast)/,hi:msaitblst/成血细胞、原血细胞,-centesis/senti:sis/穿刺术,thoraco/centesis/:rku/胸腔穿刺术amniocentesis/,mniusenti:sis/羊膜穿刺术abdominocentesis/b,dminsenti:sis腹腔穿刺术,-clysis/klaisis/灌洗,输注,coloclysis/klklisis/(colo/clysis)结肠灌洗phleboclysis/flbklisis/（phlebo/clysis)静脉输注,-ptosis落下,下垂,nephroptosis(nephr/o/ptosis)/,nefrptusis/肾下垂,-ptysis咳、咯,hemoptysis/himptisis/咯血pyoptysis/paiptisis/咯脓,-rrhexis/reksis/破裂,hepatorrhexis(hepat/o/rrhexis)/,heptureksis/肝破裂,-sclerosis/sklirusis/硬化,arteriosclerosis/a:,tiriu,sklirusis/动脉硬化,-stasis/steisis/停止，制止,bacteriostasis/,bktiristeisis/(bacteri/o/stasis)制菌作用,-stenosis/stinusis/变狭，狭窄,arteriostenosis(arteri/o/stenosis)动脉狭窄,-gram图像,electrocardiogram心电图electroencephalogram脑电图/ilektruenseflugrm/,-graph描记器,pneumograph呼吸描记器,-emesis/emsis/呕吐,emetic/imetik/催吐的antiemetic止吐的,-mania/meinj/狂、癖,dipsomania/,dipsumeini/酒狂kleptomania/,kleptumeini/盗窃狂,-phobia/fubj/恐怖,phobia恐怖症agoraphobia/grfubj/场所恐怖症acrophobia/,krufubj/恐高症socialphobia社交恐怖症,-emphraxis/emfrksis/梗阻,urethrophraxis/emfrksis/尿道梗阻laryngemphraxis/lrindemfrksis/喉梗阻,50个常用词根,adenangiarteriarthrblepharbronchcardicelicephalcerebr,gland,腺Vessel，血管artery,动脉joint，关节eyelid眼皮Bronchus支气管Heart心脏Abdomen腹Head头Cerebrum大脑,50个常用词根,cheilcholangiodermatencephalentererythresophaggastrhepathypn,Lip嘴唇Biletube胆道Skin皮肤Brain脑Intestines肠Red红的Esophagus食道Stomach胃Liver肝脏Sleep睡眠,50个常用词根,hysterlaparlaryngmammmeningmymyelmyelonnephrneur,Uterus子宫Abdomen腹Larynx喉Breast乳房Meninges脑膜Muscle肌bonemarrow;spinalcord骨髓，脊髓bonemarrow骨髓Kidney肾Nerve神经,50个常用词根,psychrachirhinsplenstomatthoractracheurethrutervesic,Mind精神vertebra;spinalorvertebralcolumn椎骨Nose鼻Spleen脾Mouth口thorax(chest)胸Trachea气管Urethra尿道Uterus子宫bladder;sac膀胱，囊,50个常用词根,ophthalmorchidosteotpancreatpharyngphrenpleurpneumonproct,Eye眼testis;testicle睾丸Bone骨Ear耳Pancreas胰腺Pharynx咽Mind精神Pleura胸膜lung;air肺Rectum直肠,如何巩固课堂所学词根,认真完成作业买一本适合自己水平的字典:将词根整理成适合自己学习记忆的格式,每天强化记忆一次灵活运用比较,联想,分群记忆等方法,将常见组织器官词根写入人体解剖图通过一个词根如cardio记忆100个左右的词根将所有常见的词根总结成一篇文章，每天强化记忆一次,通过一个词根如cardio记忆100个左右的词根,cardia-,cardio-心,cardiac心的cardiant心兴奋剂cardi+accardi+ant心a.suf(的)心药剂（医学上）（cardia-中的a被省略）cardialgia心痛，胃灼痛cardiasthma心性喘息cardi+algiacardi+asthma心，胃痛心喘息,