高考英语写作之四 如何达到词汇高级化

-写作步步之四 如何达到词汇高级化从近几年高考英语书面表达评分标准中我们可以看出，高考书面表达提倡高级词汇的使用。所谓高级词汇是指那些大纲中有但课本中出现频率不高，或大纲中没有列入掌握要求，但实际运用中出现频繁的词汇和短语。写作时，如果仅局限在把内容交代清楚，只选用一些普通的、直截了当的词，或一律使用简单句平铺直叙，写出来的文章就会像一碗白开水，呆板单调没有可读性。要想把一篇文章写好、写完美，使文章耐人寻味、有深度、上档次，不仅要将文章的意思表述清楚，还要尝试在表达中使用高级词汇和复杂句型，以凸显文章的亮点，给文章增添文彩，给读者(尤其是阅卷者)留下深刻的印象。在词汇的选择使用方面，可本着以下原则：1. 短语优先原则和方法如果能用短语词组代替单词，一方面会增加文彩使文章生动，另一方面则会展示出你的实力，使阅卷老师对你刮目相看，从而提高文章的档次。例如：The boy was aware of the danger and began to run away. (同义词realized)2. 手法多样化原则在表达相近或相同意思时，要尽量避免过多重复使用某一个单词，应学会选择使用其他恰当的同义词或近义词或词组来表达，这样能让阅卷老师感觉到你词汇量的丰富及表达手法多样化，从而获得认可。但这一点也不要绝对化，有时适当的重复是必要的。例如：The Beijing Olympic Games show that China can do something big and splendid. Also, they show that China has been becoming increasingly strong and powerful. They indicate that we Chinese people can do anything successfully as long as we hold together.3. 多用具体词汇少用概括性词汇原则写作中应多使用具体、确切的词汇，少用笼统、概括性词汇，多用蕴含感情色彩的词语，少用中性词。如good指人时较为笼统，我们可用以下较为具体的形容词替换：kind, honest, generous, selfless, brave, warm-hearted, sympathetic, honorable, humorous, smart, gentle等；good在指事物或事情时，我们可用以下形容词替换：great, fantastic, splendid, marvelous, excellent, wonderful, meaningful, enjoyable, nice等。这样用词，能让人看到活生生的人、物形象，而没有雾里看花的感觉。给平淡无味的语句添加“美味”，给评卷老师留下深刻印象。4. 巧用习语，引用谚语，引人入胜语言是文化的载体，习语又是语言的精华。恰当地使用它，会给文章增色，加强文章的感染力，从而引人入胜。和汉语一样，英语中也有大量谚语。若能在写作中恰当运用，文章将增色不少。及时巩固1. 请用适当的短语取代句中划线的内容。She went to Australia in order to study music. _Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable._As a result, the plan was a failure._I dont know how to enlarge my vocabulary._They will consider the matter. _Suddenly I had a good idea. _The small group has six people. _The little boy looked at the picture on the wall_2. 请根据所给单词写出你能想到的这些词所对应的高级词汇。一般词汇高级词汇 think of because of wish for very well ordinary thank save mention be broken look after as long as be satisfied stand up many3. 请用更贴切的词来代替画线部分的词，并写在句后的横线上。The house is good. Look at the sofas, tables and so on._He tried to keep calm, so he went out without hesitation._The boss is bad. He will become angry without hesitation._It is cold this winter. A drop of water will freeze in no time._He is a nice student. He often makes us laugh and we have much fun with him._He is a good teaches. He is always willing to help the students in trouble._4. 请在下面的短文的空白处填上恰当的格言警句。 There are many ways to learn Englishbut I think. We should take advantage of every opportunity to practice our Oral and written English . Edison had failed more than a thousand times before he could invent the electric lamp. Madame Curie discovered the element Radium in 1902 and won the Nobel Prize twiceBut do you know she got through endless failures before that? I want to be a computer scientist because I like playing computer very muchWith my computer I search the Internet and I can learn many things on it. If I am a computer scientist，I will make more useful software so that we can do more things on the InternetSo I must study hard nowI cant make my dream come true unless I can go to the university. I know its not easy to be a scientistBut_. I am sure I can realize my dream with a strong determination.5. 试译并熟记如下在写作中常用的习语或谚语。No pain, no gain._Actions speak louder than words._A young idler, an old beggar._Every minute counts._Strike the iron while its hot._Two heads are better than one._All that glitters is not gold._The early bird catches the worn._Rome was not built up in a day._One is never too old to learn._6. 请将下面一篇2010年湖北高考作文学生习作中划线部分内容使用高级词汇来进行表达。We all know that, as long as you smile, the whole world will smile with you. At one time, smile proved its power to me, which I will never forget.Suddenly I think of a scene. On a cold morning in winter, passing by a photo-studio, I saw an old couple and a lovely child were being taken photos. Their beautiful smiles recorded forever. Then what surprised me most was that they planned to give their photos to their dead son and daughter-in-law as a present. I still remember every word the old lady said “I will live the rest of my life with a smile. Only in this way can I comfort the dead.” How wonderful! Smiles on their faces show their love and hope.From then on, even though Im in trouble, I still say to myself “Face everything with smiles.”I believe smile will help me deal with any difficult situations. I believe a bright tomorrow will be in front of me in the smiling world.答案1. for the purpose of studying musicthanks to the good weatherthe plan turned out to behave no ideatakeinto account / considerationall of a sudden, came up withconsist offix ones eyes upon2. occur / come up with / hit / strikedue to / owing to / thanks tobe long for sth / hope for / expectperfectly / wonderfully / excellentlyaverage /commonappreciate/be grateful to sb. for sth.set aside / lay aside / put asiderefer to / speak of / tell ofbe worn out / shabbyattend to / take care ofon condition that / only ifexpress ones satisfaction with / be pleasedget to ones feet / rise to ones feetmany a / numerous / countless / innumerable3.well-furnishedsteppedill-temperedfreezing (cold)humorouswarm-hearted4. practice makes perfectfailure is the mother of s