2019上半年翻译资格初级笔译考试模拟试题：粮食安全之源

2019上半年译者格初级翻译考试模拟考试：粮食安全的源泉汉译英粮食安全的源泉我们的星球渴了。它因饥饿而口渴。它比人类喝的水多一千倍，生产养活人类的食物所需的水。水是可持续发展的核心问题。对水实行公平合理的管理是人类生存的关键。这是今年夏天在约翰内斯堡举行的可持续发展首脑会议上发出的主要信息之一。明年在日本举行的第三届“世界水论坛”将更深入地讨论这个问题。因此，今年的“世界粮食日”强调水在粮食安全中的作用是恰当的时机。没有水就不能实行粮食生产。事实上，地球上70%的水供应用于农业部门。世界水的人均拥有量减少，只有对水进行适当的集中管理，粮食生产才能充分增加，减少饥饿和营养不良，向预计30年后达到80亿的人口提供食物。缺水会对发展中国家广泛的农业地区构成威胁，导致粮食危机。目前，20个国家没有足够的水生产该国人口所需的粮食。在某些情况下，水资源的过度开发影响了农业生产前景，另一些情况下，水资源利用不足抑制了增长。贫穷、日益增长的粮食需求、水供应不足等复合因素对世界粮食安全和每个人获得干净的水构成了严重的挑战。10亿人缺乏干净的水，他们中的大多数人仍在饥饿中。他们住在农业是主要收入来源的农村地区。我们如何在保护环境的同时确保水的供应和粮食的安全？当今世界粮食产量的三分之一以上来自灌区，灌溉面积占全球耕地面积的16%。灌溉农业比下雨的农业至少有两倍的产量。未来30年，发展中国家生产的粮食产量约有70%来自灌溉地。我们必须避免不良的灌溉方法，通常会导致供水减少、土地退化和疾病扩散。更多的泵超过了回灌水的水平。同样，由于流失、消耗、渗透或蒸发，水道沿线流失了太多的水。因为不适当的排水、积水、土壤盐碱化事态严重，很多灌区的生产力下降。因此，我们要更多地采用小流域综合管理方法，防止造成水灾和侵蚀的上游森林破坏，大幅度增加对水利基础设施的投资。最后，水的利用必须以社会公平的方式进行，才能持续。新的水政策、制度和法律将引导所有利益相关者在透明、负责任、社会正义的氛围下接受对河流流域和水资源的综合管理方法。在国家和国际层面上，所有发展伙伴之间、公共、民间和非营利部门之间必须进行合作，才能解决利益冲突，调动大量经济资源，提供更公平地分配粮食和水的条件。除非富裕地区和不足地区之间的团结合作得到加强，否则已经面临严重缺水国家的情况将迅速恶化。我们需要这种和谐合作，以避免与水相关的紧张扩散和加深。参考译文Source Of Food Securityourplanet is this rsty-this rsty because it is hungry。it takes one thousand times more water to feed the human population than it does to satisfy its thirst .水谎at the core of sustainable development concerns，And its rational And equilable management is crucial for human survival . that was one of the kenext years third world water forum in Japan will address this issue in greater depth .it is therefore fitting that this years world food day spot lights the role of water in food security。without water，There can be no food production . in fact，The agricultural sector is The user of 70 percent of The planets water supply。in a world in which per capita water avail ability is declining，We need to focus on appropriate water management if We are to sufficiently increassshortcage of water threatens extensive agricultural regions in developing countries and fans the prospect of food crises . at present，Twentyin some cases，The over exploration of water resources undermines future agricultural production，while in others，their under explorationthe combined vicious impact of poverty，Rising demand for food and insufficient avail ability of water therefore poses a serious challenge for worthey live in rural areas and agriculture is their main source of income。how are we to ensure water avail ability and food security，while safe guarding the environment？At present，More than one-third of the worlds food production comes from the irrigated areas that make up 16 percent of the planes armable land .irrigated farming Is at least twist as productive as rain fed farming 3，and during the next 30 years some 70 percent of additional food productionit is urgent to avoid poor irrigation practices that have often led to diminishing water supplies，Land degradation and spread of disease . far toorwe thus have to turn increasingly to adopt integrated watershed management，curb the upstream deforestation that generates flooding And erosisNew water policy，and institutions and laws will faclitate the integrated management of river basins and water resources by all stake holdersthe cooperation of all development partners，the public，private and non-profit sectors at national and international level，Will beThe countries of Africa，The middle east and southern Asia that are already faci