外文翻译--机械设计的现代方法【中英文文献译文】
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中英文文献译文
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外文翻译--机械设计的现代方法【中英文文献译文】,中英文文献译文,外文,翻译,机械设计,现代,方法,中英文,文献,译文
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外文翻译部分Machinery product scheme modern times design proceduresScience and technologys development , the product function demand at full speed increase by gradually, complexity increases , phase, life-span shortens , renovates and upgrades speed to be accelerated. But, product design, especially scheme machinery product design means , need being to look like being unable to do as well as one would wish , being unable to keep abreast with development of the times. At present, computer-aid product design plotting, designs that the comparison calculating , processing fabrication , the production planning to already studies, wins initial success together broad and thorough,But, the product develops initial stage scheme computer-aid design but can satisfy the need setting up far from. For this purpose, the author goes ahead in the basis having read large amount of document , summarizes that the scheme having summed up the method adopting time the design designing that the scholar carries out a scheme at home and abroad, and having discussed the organic connection and machinery product between various method designs the developing trend that the computer realizes. The scheme designs the what be used method principal character according to the product designing that the scholar carries out machinery at present at home and abroad , can the scheme modern times design procedures be summarized for below-mentioned 4-big type.Systematization design proceduresMain systematization design procedures characteristic is: Be systematic design to consider as from the composition some designing a key element one , every is designing that the key element has independent character , one by one, the key element there is existing organic connection in, and is having arrangement of ideas, all design key elements combine the day afer tomorrow, be OK to come true designing systematization. Since every designer studies the problem angle and the emphasis considering a problem are different, concrete research method adopting when the scheme being in progress is designed also existence difference.Following introduces that some have typical systematization design procedures. Design element lawWith five solutions designing that the element (function , effect , effect carrier , form element and surface parameter ) describes a productafter thinking that five the value designing an element of a product ascertain that, all product characteristic and characteristic value are to already have ascertained that.The artwork builds model lawThe design developing analyses and guides system KALEIT, use clear artwork of arrangement of ideas to describe out product function structure and their pertinent abstract information, artwork-rization linkup having realized system structure , function relation between building the model, and the function. Conception designs LawThe product scheme is designed dividing into conception and is designs two stages. The plain being that the mission exploring , choosing satisfied design and constituting demands understands the mission making up a mental outline of a stage. The plain being a stage then realize conception concretely understands design stage job. The matrix designs lawAdopt the request function logic tree in the process of scheme design (and or the tree) describes the interrelation between the request , the function , get the function design disaggregation satisfying a request , form the different design plan. The logic tree builds request function correlation matrix again according to request function , to describe the complicated relation between satisfying what request needs a function, relation indicating that the request and the function thin out one to one correspondences out. Interlinking pursues law And divide the function being composed of system component into various types such as producing an energy , consuming an energy , changing the energy form , transferring an energy, the function borrowing interlinking picture expressing a component unties, hope will combine owing to the functional model and interlinking picture , the automation realizing the function structure generates the automatic switching between preparing the function structure and interlinking picture , will explore from much interlinking picture creation design plan method.Structure modularize design proceduresSuggest that from the angle planning a product: Definition takes functional-rization product mix as basis when designing a mission , quotes already some products untying the mission describing design (if the part component being applied or used universally waits),Be a solution , this way break up the product considering mark of mission each if existence is corresponding right away time the mission , be able to remove the contradiction there existing in possibility in designing a mission right away in product plan stage, early phase forecasts efficiency , cost , develop and adjustment designing that process is hit by a plans , improve the cost designing efficiency and the reliability designing that , reducing at the same time also a new products from this. Feldmann will describe that the function-rization product mix designing a missions stratifies into four layers,(1) product- (2) functions composition- (3) main functions module- (4) functions components. And, the determining the nature and quantify adopt the be oriented to application structure-rization characteristic catalogue , being in progress to function component to be more concrete describe that. Develop out implement software STRAT being fit to develop early phase and to design initial stage Product characteristic knowledge-based design proceduresOwing to product characteristic knowledge design procedures main part, the characteristic is: Use computer to be able to language describe that product characteristic distinguishing and their knowledge and experience designing the field experts, the scheme building the corresponding knowledge base and reasoning machine , making use of the field knowledge already storing and the reasoning mechanism building to realize the computer-aid products again designs that. That machinery system scheme is designed is to judge by characteristic had by product mainly , deduces amounts and decision of strategic importance as well as knowledge and experience designing the field experts are in progress,The type, number accomplishing organization is synthetical. Be just going to realize this one stage computer-aid design , must study knowledge automation gain , express , integrated being in harmony managing and be put into use. Method but induction for this purpose, designing that the scholar works , adopts specifically for machinery system scheme designs that the knowledge automation handles the research having made a great quantity at home and abroad is several below-mentioned species. Code lawAnd change the function (the shorter form function is basic) according to motion that organization is carried out classifying, the system scheme making use of a code to describe that the function composes in reply yuan ategory of institution , building up organization from this designs the expert system knowledge base. The binary logic speculate is looked at and appraised here on the basis, with mixing up synthesis deciding principle being tied in wedlock, the scheme having built the reasoning mechanism being the expert systems turn and having been used for quad place special use machine tool designs middle.The knowledge mixed type representationThe scheme specifically for complicated machinery system is designed , adopt the mixed type knowledge to express way describing that knowledge of all kinds in designing that is suitable to especially , this gets to some extent already common view of a lot of our country design scholar.Make use of knowledge-based exploitation implementIn the shaft coupling CAD system, make use of knowledge-based exploitation implement NEXPERT-OBJECT , having established the be geared to the needs of marriage partner design procedures data base by the aid of be geared to the needs of marriage partner method,Design and physical design carrying out the shaft coupling scheme have provided the broad and reliable design procedures fair amount of confidence to the designer. Need the content designing that owing to that knowledge is in progress in the slide way making use of NEXPERT to describe a straight line then being designed , explore out from this owing to that the knowledge solution, and the slide way developing out a straight line design the expert systemDesign catalogue lawAnd the structural function module , function explain yuan and organization forms the style going forward one by one three steps to design a catalogue, the catalogue the style going forward one by one this three steps is designed designs the systematic knowledge base and the implement developing assisting designing that as mechanical drive principle scheme intelligence. Intellectualized design proceduresMain intellectualized design procedures characteristic is: According to design procedures learning theory, draw support from Sanwei artwork software , intellectualized the technology designing the software and suppositional real , the product conception , the structure describing a products developing design expression as well as multi-media , the hypermedia implement carry out a products.To sum up ,systematization design procedures will design that the mission arrives at the partition carrying out arrangement of ideas concretely (from the mission request designing that to scheme or structure realizing that mission) from the abstract , will design out every layer of target and method wanting to come true , will go from the easy to the difficult and complicated , together from the abstract till every being contacted concretely tier organically, make entire design process systematization, make to design that computer-aid having law but the process following , having method but leaning on , designing that easily comes true.外文论文翻译机械设计的现代方法科学技术的飞速发展，产品功能要求的日益增多，复杂性增加，寿命期缩短，更新换代速度加快。然而，产品的设计，尤其是机械产品方案的设计手段，则显得力不从心，跟不上时代发展的需要。目前，计算机辅助产品的设计绘图、设计计算、加工制造、生产规划已得到了比较广泛和深入的研究，并初见成效，而产品开发初期方案的计算机辅助设计却远远不能满足设的需要。为此，作者在阅读了大量文献的基础上，概括总结了国内外设计学者进行方案设计时采用的方法，并讨论了各种方法之间的有机联系和机械产品方案设计计算机实现的 发展趋势。根据目前国内外设计学者进行机械产品方案设计所用方法的主要特征，可以将方案的现代设计方法概括为下述四大类型。1、系统化设计方法系统化设计方法的主要特点是：将设计看成由若干个设计要素组成的一个系统，每个设计要素具有独立性，各个要素间存在着有机的联系，并具有层次性，所有的设计要素结合后，即可实现设计系统化。由于每个设计者研究问题的角度以及考虑问题的侧重点不同，进行方案设计时采用的具体研究方法亦存在差异。下面介绍一些具有代表性的系统化设计方法。 1.1设计元素法用五个设计元素(功能、效应、效应载体、形状元素和表面参数)描述“产品解”，认为一个产品的五个设计元素值确定之后，产品的所有特征和特征值即已确定。1.2图形建模法 研制的设计分析和引导系统”KALEIT，用层次清楚的图形描述出产品的功能结构及其相关的抽象信息，实现了系统结构、功能关系的图形化建模，以及功能层之间的联接 。1.3“构思”“ 科学技术的飞速发展，产品功能要求的日益增多，复杂性增加，寿命期缩短，更新换代速度加快。然而，产品的设计，尤其是机械产品方案的设计手段，则显得力不从心，跟不上时代发展的需要。目前，计算机辅助产品的设计绘图、设计计算、加工制造、生产规划已得到了比较广泛和深入的研究，并初见成效，而产品开发初期方案的计算机辅助设计却远远不能满足设的需要。为此，作者在阅读了大量文献的基础上，概括总结了国内外设计学者进行方案设计时采用的方法，并讨论了各种方法之间的有机联系和机械产品方案设计计算机实现的 发展趋势。根据目前国内外设计学者进行机械产品方案设计所用方法的主要特征，可以将方案的现代设计方法概括为下述四大类型。1、系统化设计方法系统化设计方法的主要特点是：将设计看成由若干个设计要素组成的一个系统，每个设计要素具有独立性，各个要素间存在着有机的联系，并具有层次性，所有的设计要素结合后，即可实现设计系统化。由于每个设计者研究问题的角度以及考虑问题的侧重点不同，进行方案设计时采用的具体研究方法亦存在差异。下面介绍一些具有代表性的系统化设计方法。1.1设计元素法用五个设计元素(功能、效应、效应载体、形状元素和表面参数)描述“产品解”，认为一个产品的五个设计元素值确定之后，产品的所有特征和特征值即已确定。1.2图形建模法研制的设计分析和引导系统”KALEIT，用层次清楚的图形描述出产品的功能结构及其相关的抽象信息，实现了系统结构、功能关系的图形化建模，以及功能层之间的联接 。1.3“构思”“设计”法将产品的方案设计分成“构思”和“ 设计”两个阶段。“构思”阶段的任务是寻求、选择和组合满足设计任务要求的原理解。“设计”阶段的工作则是具体实现构思阶段的原理解。1.4矩阵设计法在方案设计过程中采用“要求功能”逻辑树(“与或”树)描述要求、功能之间的相互关系，得到满足要求的功能设计解集，形成不同的设计方案。再根据“要求功能”逻辑树建立“要求功能”关联矩阵，以描述满足要求所需功能之间的复杂关系，表示出要求与功能间一一对应的关系。1.5键合图法将组成系统元件的功能分成产生能量、消耗能量、转变能量形式、传递能量等各种类型，并借用键合图表达元件的功能解，希望将基于功能的模型与键合图结合，实现功能结构的自
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