人教英语选修8unit 5 reading language points

Topic1Topic2Topic3,TaskThree:Readtheconversationagainandfindoutthethreetopicsthatthearchaeologisttalkedabout.,Lifeinthecave,Whatcanwelearnfromaneedle,Whatcanwelearnfromanecklace,Learningtips:Payattentiontothepictures.,Languagepoints,alternativeadj.两者(或若干)中择一的;非此即彼的；替代的;供选择的e.g.Thewaywasblocked,sowehadtogobyalternativeroad.这条路阻塞,我们只能走其他路。,alternativen.1.选择;二择一+ofIfyoudontliketheschoollunch,youhavethealternativeofbringingyourown.要是你不喜欢学校准备的午餐,你可以自己带饭。2.供选择的东西(或办法等)；替换物；C有几种方案可以代替我们的计划。Therearesomealternativestoourplan3.选择的自由(或余地)UTheyhadnoalternativeinthematter.,Youhavethealternativeoffightingorbeingtakenprisoner.你可以选择战斗或是被俘。Thereappearstobenoalternativetotheincreaseofprice.除了提高物价没有别的选择。Anotheralternativeistowearearplugs.另一个选择是戴上耳塞。Howaboutnaturalgas?Isthatanalternative?天然气怎么样？这是不是也算一种可供选择的东西？,havenoalternativebuttodosth.除了做某事别无选择=havenothingtodobutdo=havenochoicebuttodosth.cannotbutdosth.canbutdosth.cannothelpbutdosth.,不得不,2.Youmustbeawarethatitsherethatwevefoundevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.想必你们知道,正是在这儿我们找到了居住在世界这个部分最早人类的证据。1)Youmustbeawarethat主句后接由强调句和定语从句组成的宾语从句。must是作为情态动词表示肯定推测,译作“一定,肯定”,只用于肯定推测。对现在或将来事实推测,用“mustdo”。,Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk走了很长的路,你一定很饿。对正发生或进行的事进行推测,用“mustbedoing”。Thelightison.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow.灯亮着,他一定正在做作业。对过去的事进行推测,用“musthavedone”。Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地是湿的,昨晚一定下雨了。,此时,应注意反意疑问句的构成。如果句中有表示过去的时间状语,反意疑问句用“didnt+主语”;如果句中无表示过去的时间状语,反义疑问句用“havent/hasnt+主语”。Hemusthavearrivedherelastnight,_?他一定昨晚就来这儿了,不是吗?Hemusthavearrivedhere,_?他一定来这儿了,不是吗?,hasnthe,didnthe,3)itsherethatweve是强调句,其基本句式是Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分,此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语ItwasyourmotherwhomImetinthestreet我在街上碰到的是你的母亲。ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourmother.我是在街上碰到你母亲的。Itwasshewhohadbeenwrong.错的是她。,3.Imsorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?很抱歉打扰你,我想问问他们是怎么在这里生活的？,1)句型“Imsorry.but.”是口语中委婉的表达,“but”表示语义上的转折。-Areyoufreethisweekend?-Imsorry,butlhavelotsofworktodo-周末有空吗?-对不起,我有大量的事要做。,2)interruptvt.插嘴Itisrudetointerrupt.“Dontinterrupt,”hesaid.,Dontinterrupthim,wereinterruptedbythewar,disturbv.扰乱,搅乱；妨碍；使不安；使紊乱。常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生。Baddreamsdisturbedhersleep.Dontdisturbthepapersonmydesk.Hethrewastoneintothewateranddisturbedthesmoothsurfaceofthelake.Shewasdisturbedtohearofhermothersillness.,4.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold,1)regardlessofprep.不管;不顾;Heclimbedthebuilding,regardlessofthedangerRegardlessofthecolorofhisskin,everymanhastherighttolivewherehewantsto.inspiteofWewillpersevereregardlessofpastfailures.,regardlessof一般是主观上故意去忽视，有时往往是好的条件，因素，或他人的建议，很可能导致不好的结果despite一般用于客观上无法避免的事实，往往是不利的条件，因素，需要主语去正确面对和处理，并不是避而远之Iplaysoccereveryday,regardlessofweather.(天气可能是好天气或不好的天气)Iamgoingtoplaysoccerthisafternoon,despitethebadweather.Hesayswhathethinks,regardlessofotherpeoplesfeeling.regardlessadv.无论如何；总之Thereweredifficultiesbuthedecidedtocarryonregardless.,2)assumevt.假定;设想科学家们设想月球上没有动物。_thattherearenoanimalsonthemoon.假装,装作她装出一副吃惊的样子。She_.担任,承当我来承担责任。I_.,Thescientistsassume,assumedalookofsurprise,assumedtheresponsibility,assume+n.assume+n.+tobe+n./adj.,assume+that从句。扩展:assumptionn.makeanassumptionontheassumptionthat假定,assuming放在句首,表一种猜测。e.g.Assumingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?假如明天下雨,我们该做什么呢？providing;provided;suppose;supposing;assuming(that);giventhat,5.Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick,whichsuggeststhattheymighthavekeptthefireburningallwinter.我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰,几乎有六米厚,这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。1)havebeenexcavating现在完成进行时,意思是一直在挖,表示过去发生的动作一直不间断地进行到现在,强调动作的继续。,Thehandwritingofthelettersuggeststhatthelettermightbefromalady从书信的字体上看,写信人是一位女性。,6.sharpenvt.(使)变锋利,尖锐;（使）变强/激烈Theknifeneedssharpening.Thetoneofhislettershassharpenedrecently.sharpadj.锋利的,尖锐的;突然的,急剧的;敏锐的，聪明的Dogshavesharpears.asharpturn急转弯asharpincrease急剧增加,7.Yesandsowellpreserved还保存得如此完好。这是省略的句子,完整句应是:anditissowellpreserved(it指necklace)preservevt.保存;贮藏；保护（动植物）;保持;维持（某种状态）e.g.Youcanpreservemeatorfishinsalt.你可以用盐来保存肉或鱼。Itisoneofthedutiesofthepolicetopublicorder.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。,preserven.动植物的保护区preservationn.保存;贮藏；保护;维持（of)thepreservationoffood/oneshealth,tryatentativeguessshowsbaroundbeawarethatregardlessofscaresth/sbawaykeepdoingcutupcareaboutononesjourney(tosp),尝试,猜测领到处看意识到不管,不顾把吓走使一直切碎关心,在意在途中,Phrases,keepup继续,保持,遵守keepon继续keepoff不接近;不接触keepback隐瞒;不告诉keepoutsth使不进入;留在外边,D24.Youshouldnt_fromhisachievements,forwithouthishelp,youcouldnthavefinishedthisexperiment.A.takeoffB.takedownC.takeoutD.takeawayC26.Thereweredifficultiesbuthedecidedtocarryon_.A.regardlessofB.inspiteofC.regardlessD.inspiteB29.Thelittleboyhashad_ofhavingpianoclassesonweekends.A.ampleB.enoughC.tiredD.moreA31.Inordertohelpwildlifetosurvive,nohuntingisallowed_.A.inthepreserveB.inthewildsC.inpreserveD.inwildsB34.Theyaretryingtofindanewwayto_thespreadofAIDS.A.keepB.arrestC.catchD.delay,1.Dontinterrupthimwhileheisgivingaspeech.2.Ididntseeyourcar,soIassumedthatyouhadgoneout.3.HigginskepttalkingaboutEliza,regardlessofherfeelings.,Guessthemeaningsofthenewwords.,(stopsb.speaking),(thinksomethingistrue),(paynoattentionto),4.Youhadbettersharpentheknifebeforecuttingthemeatwithit.5.Wegetamplefoodandclothingbywor