北京版小学生英语知识点总结

北京版小学生英语知识点总结 1、动词be(is,am,are)的用法我(I)用am,你you用(are),is跟着他(he),她(she),他(it).单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号某丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。2、this，that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或者物用this，距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：This is a flower.这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree.那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this，后说that。如：This is a pen.That is a pencil.这是一支钢笔，那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某人说This is.,不说That is.。如：This is Helen.Helen,this isTom.这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。(5)This is不能缩写，而That is能够缩写。如：This is a bike.Thats a car.这是一辆自行车，那是一辆轿车。(6) 打电话时，介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如：-Hello! Is that Miss Green?喂，是格林小姐吗?-Yes,this is.Whos that?是的，我是，你是谁?注意：虽然汉语中使用”我“和”你“，但英语中打电话时绝不能够说：I am.,Are you.?Who are you?(7)在回答this或that做主语的疑问句时，要用it代替this或者that。如：-Is this a notebook?这是笔记本吗?-Yes,it is.是的，它是。-Whats that?那是什么?-Its a kite.是只风筝。3、these和those用法this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如：Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。4、名词+s所有格单数名词后直接加 “ s ”Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeffs mother杰夫的妈妈以s结尾的复数名词，只加“”Teachers Day教师节 the twins books双胞胎的书不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“ s ”Childrens Day 儿童节 mens shoes男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加sLucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈)表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加sLucys and Kates rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间，两间房子)【必背知识】一、英语形容词性物主代词1、形容词性物主代词8个：My your his her its our your their我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的2、形容词性物主代词的特点：(1)译成汉语都有的 eg：my 我的 their 他们的(2)后面加名词：eg：my backpack his name(3)前后不用冠词 a an theThis is a my eraser(错误)That is your a pen(错误)Its his the pen(错误)3、I(物主代词)my you(物主代词)your he (物主代词)her we (物主代词) our注：在变物主代词时，把原题所给的词加上的，再译成单词就能够了。二、英语名词性物主代词1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个：Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的2、 名词性物主代词的特点：(1)译成汉语都有的(2)后面不加名词(3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词Eg：1、the pen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen)三、英语单数的句子变成复数的句子把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单：变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数，但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。Eg：把下列句子变成复数1、I have a car -we have cars2、 He is an American boy. -They are American boys3、 It is a car -They are cars4、This is an eraser -These are erasers5、That is a backpsck -Those are backpacks6、Im an English teather -We are English teathers7、Its a new shirt- They are new shirts8、Hes a boy -They are boys9、Shes a singer -They are singers10、Whatsthis in English?- What are these in English?【语法知识】1、一般现在时A、表示不受时限的客观存有如：He is a boy. She is a student.My mother is anurse. This is a dog. I have a book.B、表示现在的习惯动作，即指现在经常发生的动作，一般现在时常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。它常与表示水准或频度的词连用，如：often(经常) , usually(通常，一般) , sometimes(有时) ,always(总是，一直) , never(从不)如：I often go to school on foot.My father works in a school.Mike watches TV every day.I usually playcomputer games on the weekend.C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作.如：How are you? You look happy. Whats the matterwith you? I have a headache. What do you have for lunch? I have some chicken.注意 英语动词的现在时与原形同形。但当主语是第三人称单数时，须在词尾加s 或 -es。例如：I have a fish for dinner. Her mother works in a hospital. Amy often goes to school by bike. Mr. Liu teaches us English. 加-es 的动词必须是以“sh , ch , o ”等字母结尾的。如：watches , teaches ,goes , washes2、一般将来时表示在将来会发生的事或动作。它常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year ,this morning , this afternoon , this evening 等注意一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种结构：be going to + 动词的原形 / 地点will + 动词的原形例句： Im going to go shopping thisafternoon. She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky.3、现在实行时表示说话时正在实行的动作或现阶段一直在实行的动作。注意它的构成是：be的现在时形式(am , is , are)加动词的ing形式。如：What are you doing? Im writing a letter. What arethey doing? Theyre swimming.Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.Look, Amy is read