公开课-名词性从句(定稿)

Nounclauses,poppy,名词性从句,名词在句中可充当主语，表语，宾语和同位语，起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。Forexample:1.Thebagisinthedesk.2.Iwashedmyclothesyesterday3.Sheisanicegirl.4.Theprofessor,myunclecamebackyesterday.,名词性从句的概念：,名词性从句,主语从句（SubjectClause）宾语从句（ObjectClause）表语从句（PredicativeClause）同位语从句（AppositiveClause）,作主语作宾语作表语作同位语,名词性从句的连接词通常有：,主语从句,在句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句。主语从句可以放句首；但多数放句末，句首用形式主语IT.Forexample:,Thattheearthisroundistrue.=Itistruethattheearthisround.,Thebagisinthedesk,2.Whetherhewillcomehasntbeendecided.=Ithasntbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.,注意：连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用，不能省略。并且whether引导主语从句时不能用if代替。,3.Wholetoutthenewsremainedunknown.4.Howthishappenedisstillaquestion.5.Whyhedidntcomehereisnotcleartoanyone.,注意：who,which,how,when,where,why在所引导的主语从句中可担任主语，宾语，状语，不能省略。可以用形式主语it引导。,以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：,1.It+be+形容词+that从句,Itis/wascertainthatclauseclearimportantnecessaryprobablepossible,（1）Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.（2）Itispossiblethathetoldhereverything.,2、It+be+名词词组+that从句,Itis/wasapitythatclauseshameduty,(1)Itisapitythatwecantgo.(2)Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.,3、It+be+过去分词+that从句,Itissaidthatclausereportedthoughthopedbelievedknown,(1)Itissaidthatheisthebeststudentintheclass.(2)ItisthoughtthatJoedrivesbadly.,4、It+seem,happen,appear等不及物动词+that从句。(1)ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.(2)IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.,对比训练,_hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.That,_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.That,Rememberit,1.主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语，谓语动词用单数；2.如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词用复数；3.由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。,Howandwhyhedidtheexperimentareunknowntoall.2.Howhedidtheexperimentandwhyhedidtheexperimentisunknowntoall.3.Whenhedidtheexperimenthasnotbeendecidedyet.,五、主语从句中的主谓一致,判断下列句子是否正确,is,are,表语从句,在句中充当表语的句子(多数放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。,Thatswhatweshoulddo.,Ourpurposeisthathecanrealizehisfaults.,注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。,Sheisanicegirl.,ThatswhyIwanttoseeyou.,Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing,注意：表语从句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”,1.be,seem,look,appear,sound等动词后均可跟表语从句：,Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.,Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.,2.asif,because也可引导表语从句。,Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.,ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.,注意：在表语从句中，当reason作主语时，引导词只能用that，不能用because，如:Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathedidntcatchtheearlybus.,1.ThatIndianeedsisalawtomakelandownershipfairer.2.Ifthemeetingwillbeheldremainsunknown.,Correctmistakes,-,-,What,Whether,3.Thatisasurprisethatsheisstillalive.4.Theproblemisifwewillraiseducksorgeese.5.Thequestionishowyoushoulddonext.,-,-,-,It,whether,what,宾语从句,在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。,1.作动词宾语,Idontknowthatyouwillcomehere.Iwonderwhathehasdone.,2.作介词宾语TheteacherissatisfiedwithwhatIsaid.Heisthinkingabouthowtosolvetheproblem.,注意：介词的宾语从句一般不用which和if来引导，而要分别用what和whether来引导。如：,Areyousorryforwhatyouvedone?Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughexperience.不可用if,which不可以,3、用作某些形容词的宾语从句：,这类形容词常见的有sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等。(1)Iamsureyoulookedbeautifulthatevening.(2)Wewerenotsurprisedthathereturnedthreedayslaterthanexpected.,(3)Everyonewasafraidthatsomeonemightfindoutthathecouldseenothing.(4)Motherwasverypleased(that)herdaughterhadpassedtheentranceexams.,引导宾语从句的连词that常可省去，特别在口语中是这样。注意whether和if引导的宾语从句：whether和if引导宾语从句时可以互换使用，但下列情况用whether不用if。,（1）在whetherornot结构中不可用if代替whetherIdontknowwhetherornothellcome.Iwonderwhetheritistrueornot.,Everythingdependsonwhetherthesituationwillimprove.,（2）介词后面的宾语从句用whether，不用if,（3）引导主语从句和表语从句用whether,不用ifWhetherwellgodependsontheweather.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.,(4)whether可用在不定式前，if则不能.,Pleasetellmewhethertogoornot.,宾语从句中用it作形式宾语,Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.,注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,这种句型的谓语动词有think,make,feel,find,consider.,Iconsideritnecessarythatheshoulddoitagain.,Iinsistedthathe（should）doitatonce.Shesuggestedthatthework（should）befinishedatonce.Themayororderedthatthebridge(should)berepairedassoonaspossbile.,注意：在suggest,insist,demand,order,require等表示建议，命令，要求的动词后，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。如：,宾语从句中的否定转移,我认为他不会来这里,Ithinkhewontcomehere.()Idontthinkhewillcomehere.()Ibelievehewontseeyou.()Idontbelievehewillseeyou.(),注意：如果宾语从句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose,expect等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。,注意：这类句子后若带有附加疑问句，应采用肯定形式来后问，后问部分应于从句主语一致。Idontbelievesheknowit,doesshe?,（2）时态：学习名词性从句时，除了要注意从句的引导词，语序等外，还要注意从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词的时态一致关系。,（1）在宾语从句中，当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可以根据需要用各种时态。如：,Marysaysthat,Tomisntlazy.Tomisdoingwellinhislesson.ShewillaskTomsomequestions.Tommayfallbehindtheothers.,Shemissedusverymuch.Shewaswritingaletter.ShewouldvisittheGreatWall.,Shesaidthat,如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。如：,(1)Theteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.(2)Theoldmansaidthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.,如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，其谓语动词则仍用一般现在时。如：,Alettertoteachersfromagraduation,Consolidation(巩固一下吧),Dearteachers，_makesusdepressed_wewillgraduatefromNo.1middleschool.Thereasonwhywearesosadis_wewillsaygoodbyetoourlovelyteachersandclassmates.Thedayswespenttogetherarefullofjoysandtears._youarealwayssostrictwithusmademehateyou.However,youarealsoreadytogiveyourhandto_turnstoyouforhelp.,It,that,that,That,whoever,Nowweunderstand_youhavetriedtodoforus_youdoandsayisofgreathelptous.Wedontcareabout_wecansurvivethestruggleNationalEntranceExamornot._wecherishis_wehaveenjoyedtheprocess.Thanksforyourteaching!Bestwishes!Yours，Polo,what,What,whether,What,that,对比训练,Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasasmallvillagetenyearsago.A.whatB.that,4、同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某些名词的同位语，这些名词常见的有，fact,news,hope,truth,idea,suggestion,thought,question,order,problem,belief,doubt,fear等。引导同位语从句的连词通常有that和whether,what,why,how等。,例:(1).Thenewsthatshepassedtheexamexcitedherparents.(that不作从句中的成分,同位语从句)(2).Thenewsthatweknowfromherexcitedallofus.(that作从句中的宾语,定语从句),(1)TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcomeovertovisitChinaagain.(2)Weallknowthetruththattheearthgoesroundthesun.(3)Thefactthatshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.,(4)Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.(5)Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.,Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis.A.thatB.what,同位语从句与定语从句的区别：,（1）同位语从句的先行名词极为有限，而定语从句的先行词则不计其数。（2）引导同位语从句的连词that在句中不担任句子成分，而引导定语从句的that则在从句中作主语，宾语等。,（3）同位语从句与先行名词是等同关系，一个具体，一个抽象，两者常可以转述为主表关系，而定语从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰关系。（）如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。,（）定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。,Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?,Doyouknowthefactthattheyweretalkingabout?,Thenewsthatourteamwonthegameistrue.（_）Thenewsthatyouhaveheardisnttrue.（_）,(同从),(定从),(同从),(定从),请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句：,WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.Idontthinkheisanhonestboy.Thefactisthathestolethecar.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?Itissaidthattheywonthegame.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),试区分以下句子,Isthismuseumwhatyouvisited?,Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisited?,Isthismuseumtheonethatyouvisited?,(表从),(定从),(定从),1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.(),2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?(),F,T,T,F,名词性从句考点归纳,一、名词性从句的语序,3.Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.(),T,判断下列句子是否正确，（TorF）,陈述语序,that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,Rememberit,(1)Whatyouhavedonemightdoharmtoothers.(2)Whatcausedtheaccidentisacompletemystery.(3)Ithink(that)youwilllikethestamps.,二、名词性从句连接词的选用,1.that和what的选用,1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.5.Is_hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.9._hasmadeChina_itisnow?,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,What,what,that引导的名词性从句，作主语、表语、同位语时一般不能省略。在引导单个的宾语从句时可以省略，但在以下几种情况中that不能省略：1）It做形式宾语的宾语从句；2）并列宾语从句中，从第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略；3）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。,Rememberit,2.that的省略,1.Idontthink_sheiscoming.2.Itisapity_hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_heiscareless.4.Thenews_ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idontthinkitnecessary_youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme_hisfatherhaddiedand_hehadtomakealivingalone.7.Thereasonliesin_sheworksharderthantheothersdo.,请用that/(that)填空,A.(that)B.that,A,B,B,B,A,B,B,B,Rememberit,a.主语从句中b.表语从句中c.同位语从句中d.介词后的宾语从句中e.Whether后直接跟不定式todof.whether后紧跟ornot引导宾语从句时不用if.,只用whether不用if的情况：,3.whether和if的选用,1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2._wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.4.Idontknow_heiswellornot.5.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion_theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idontknow_togo.,A.if/whetherB.ifC.WhetherD.that,C,A,C,C,A,C,C,C,Rememberit,1.为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面。2.it作形式宾语的情况1)在“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中2)动词是love，like,hate,appreciate,seeto,dependon,counton等，则用it作形式宾语，后再接宾语从句。,1._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It2.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.thisD.them3.Youmaydependon_thatallgoodswillbeshippedabroadintime.A.whichB.itC.whomD.those,三.it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法,1._isourbeliefthatimprovementinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(2006浙江卷)A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It2.Itisnoneofyourbusiness_otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.(2007福建)A.howB.whatC.whichD.when,巩固提升一下吧,3.Hedidntmake_clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(2007天津)A.thisB.thatC.itD.these4.Idappreciate_ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you,巩固提升一下吧,疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与nomatter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是:前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句;后者只能引导让步状语从句.,Rememberit,1.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever2.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho,四、疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句,Letshaveaquiz!,1._thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder_youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.itC.whetherD.what3.Thisis_hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether,7.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how8.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that9._intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires10._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who,6.Thefacttheearthtravelsroundthesunisknowntoall.7.Youmustrememberthefactwhathetoldyou.,_,thator:/,that,名词性从句热点试题集锦1.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewillB.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether3.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein5.Togetthejobstarted,_Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.itsD.that,7.Canyoutellme_therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto8.Doyouknow_?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis9.