六年级英语总复习PPT课件

第一讲,一、句子的成分和基本句型二、句子的种类三、写作：接受便条,一、句子的成分和基本句型1句子的成分,主语+谓语=主题成分表语+宾语（直接/间接宾语）+宾语补足语定语+状语=次要部分,主语subject主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。,WestudyinNO.1MiddleSchoolTheclassroomisverycleanThreewereabsentToteachthemEnglishismyjob.ItismayjobtoteachthemEnglish.,不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型,谓语predicate说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须用动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致，它在主语后面。,HisparentsaredoctorsShelookswellWestudyhardWehavefinishedreadingthebookHecanspeakEnglish,表语predicative表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。,YoulookyoungerthanbeforeIamateacherEverybodyishere.TheyareathomenowMyjobistoteachthemEnglish,感官动词looktastesmellsoundfeel表示状态becomeremainkeepprovegetturngrowappearseem,宾语object宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后。,SheisplayingthepianonowHeoftenhelpsmeHelikestosleepintheopenairWeenjoylivinginChina,宾语补足语objectcomplement“宾语+宾语补足语”=复合宾语,Ifyouletmego,Illmakeyouking.Leavethedooropen.WefoundLiMingoutwhenwearrived.Makeyourselfathome.Isawastrangerenterthebuilding.Thebosskeptthemworkingallday.Yesterdayhegothislegbroken.,状语adverbial状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式程度等意义，一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。,HediditcarefullyWithouthishelp，wecouldntworkitout(Inorder)tocatchupwithmyclassmates，Imuststudyhard,定语attributive定语用来修饰名词或代词，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语，不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以担任定语。,TheblackbikeismineWhatisyourname?Theymadepaperflowers.TheboysintheroomareinClassThreeGradeOne.Ihavesomethingtodo.,2五种基本句型,第1种句型S+V主语谓语（不及物动词）,Herunsinthepark.Classbegins.Webeginourclassat8.vi:必背p.6sleepgolaughwalkcomestayswimworkarrivehappen/takeplace,第2种句型S+V+O主语谓语（及物动词）+宾语,Myfatherreadthebook.ShelikesEnglish.Iknowhimverywell.Theywanttogo.Hestoppedwriting.Youmustlistentome.,有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词,第3种句型S+V+P主语+系动词+表语,Hebecameascientist.Theyarehonest.他们现在在家。Theyareathomenow.我的工作是教他们英语。MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.keeplooksmellsoundtastefeelgrowgetgoturn,第4种句型S+V+IO+DO主语谓语（及物动词）间接宾语直接宾语,直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或是为谁做的双宾语:直接宾语(表示动作结果)和间接宾语(动作目标)HegaveTomapresent.Giveittome.必背：p.7间接宾语在后面时,其前必须加to(“给”)或for(给、“替”、“为”),直接宾语和间接宾语的使用间+直当直接宾语是人称代词时，为了强调间接宾语，直+间,我把它递给我妈妈。Ipassedittomymother.她把它们扔给我。Shethrewthemtome.我为他找到多余的书/票。Ifoundsparebooks/ticketsforhim.,Isendhimit,“疑问词+不定式”作直接宾语,他教我如何读这个单词。Hetaughtmehowtoreadtheword.我告诉他做什么。Itoldhimwhattodo.他问我为什么唱这支歌。Heaskedmewhytosingthissong.她问我走哪条路。Sheaskedmewhichwaytogo.,第5种句型S+V+O+OC主语谓语（及物动词）宾语宾语补足语call，name，make，think，and，leave,他们使她幸福。Theymadeherhappy.我们叫她康妮。WecallherConnie.我觉得这部电影很有意思。Ifoundthemovieinteresting他让这个窗户开着。Heleftthewindowopen我看见她跳舞了。Isawherdance.,watch，1ookat，listento，hearfeel，let，make宾补由不定式担当，省去to。但变为被动语态时，+toShewasseentodance,第4种句型和第5种句型（双宾语和复合宾语）的比较,第4种句型变为被动语态，有两种情况：Wesentthematelegram.Theyweresentatelegram.Atelegramwassenttothem.第5种句型变为被动语态时，只有一种句式。Iwillmakeyouking.Youwillbemadeking.,Hegavemeabook.HecallsmeTom.宾语+宾语补足语可以形成逻辑上的主谓关系，即“我是汤姆；间接宾语和直接宾语不存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即不能想像为“我是一本书”。,1用所给的单词组成句子,1.to,the,box,I,want,take,to,room,heavy,theIwanttotaketheheavyboxtotheroom.2.look,things,the,after,boys,their,mustTheboysmustlookaftertheirthings.3.here,all,are,youYouareallhere.4.today,who,duty,is,onWhoisondutytoday?5.Miss,them,3yearsago,Wang,taught,JapaneseMissWangtaughtthemJapanese3yearsago.6.is,rice,bag,in,there,much,theThereismuchriceinthebag.,2根据中文提示，完成下列句子,1.Haveyoueverbeento(最远的小岛)?2.Wemust(保持清洁)ourclassroom.3.Theyand(每两小时，必须坐下休息)twohours.4.Afterworkhealways(感到有点儿累).5.Thereis(有点儿毛病)withLindascatseyes.6.Icansee(没有异常之物)inthetree.7.Mr.Fangis(去访问)hisaunt.,thefarthestisland,keepclean,havetositdown,restevery,feelsalittletired,somethingwrong,nothingunusual,onavisitto,二、句子的种类,陈述句Thisisadog.这是一只狗。疑问句Isthisadog?这是一只狗吗？感叹句Whatabeautifuldogthisis！这是只多么漂亮的狗！祈使句Openyoureyes!睁开眼睛！,简单句Iamstudying.我在读书。并列句IwasborninasmallvillageandIlivedtherefortenyears.我出生在一个小村庄里并在那里生活了十年。复合句AssoonasIgetthere,Illcallyou.我一到那儿，就给你打电话。,1、陈述句凡是说明一件事情，提出一个看法，或是表达一种心情的句子有肯定式和否定式。句末用句号“”，通常用降调,否定式的缩略形式isnotisntarenotarentwasnotwasntwerenotwerentdonotdontdoesnotdoesntdidnotdidntcannotcantwillnotwontmustnotmustnthavenothaventhasnothasnthadnothadntamnot无所写形式，应为Imnot形式,a进行时和被动语态（现在时、过去时、进行时）都有be动词，所以它们的否定句与be动词的否定句同形。这个孩子以前没有被照顾过。Thechildwasnotlookedafter.他们没在打扫房间。Theyarentcleaningtheroom.,b将来时（will、shall）、完成时及情态动词的被动语态不能用be动词的否定句型。()Theywillbenotsenttothefront.()Theywillnotbesenttothefront.,B、情态动词的否定句主语情态动词not动词原形Icannotdoitmyself.Youmustnotgotherealone.,C一般动词的否定句句型主语do(does,did)not动词原形,D、现在完成时的否定句句型主语have/hasnot动词的过去分词这本书我还没看完。Ihaventfinishedreadingthebookyet.,E、过去完成时的否定句句型主语hadnot动词的过去分词,否定结构应注意事项,A、使用not的部分否定如果使用了very，always以及all，both，every及every的复合词Idontplayfootballwell.Idontplayfootballverywell.Itisntalwayshothereinsummer.,B、not的其他否定表示,anotatall一点也不我一点儿也不累。Imnottiredatall.我一点儿也不喜欢它。Idontlikeitatall.,bnotanymore,notanylonger再也不我再也不在这儿住了。Idontlivehereanylonger.我再也不能多吃了。Icannoteatanymore.=Icaneatnomore.,C、使用not以外的否定词表示否定,a用no表示：no+名词notany一点也不Thereisnowind.=Thereisnotanywind.,bnever决不（语气比not强烈）Illneverforgetyou.,cfew/little几乎没有,dnoone（=nobody）无人,enothing=notanything什么也没有,fnoneof没有任何人；什么都没有Noneofthemcananswerit.Ieatnoneofthefood.,g含有否定副词seldom(很少)、hardly(几乎不)的句子。Hecanhardlywritehisname.WeseldomwatchTV.,D、tooto（太以至于不）的句型是不使用否定词的否定句子。,P.15必背,2、祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等。谓语动词一律用原形。通常不用主语，句末用惊叹号或句号，用降调。,1含有第二人称主语的祈使句A、肯定式：动词原形（省主语）Standup.Bequiet,please.Dostudyhard.LiMing,comehereComehere,LiMing,表示禁止时，尤其是标语可用“No+动名词”。Nosmoking.Noparking,B、否定的祈使句Dont动词原形,祈使句与陈述句的改写祈使句Youmust(陈述句)Comehere=Youmustcomehere.过来。你必须过来。Dontdothatagain=Youmustntdothatagain.别再那样做了。你一定不可以再那样坐了。Please+祈使句Willyou(please)?(陈述句)Pleasehelpme.=Willyou(please)helpme?请帮帮我。你愿意帮我的忙吗？。Comehereontime.请准时到这儿。Willyou(please)comehereontime?请你准时到好吗？,含有第一、三人称主语的祈使句,A、肯定的祈使句Let第一人称（me,us）Let第三人称代词（him/her/it/them）或名词咱们马上动身吧。LetsgoatonceLetsgo,shall/shantwe?.Letusgo,will/wontyou?Yes,lets/No,letsnot.LetmetryagainLetTomgotherehimself,B、否定的祈使句Lets(us,me)not动词原形Dontlet第三人称代词的宾格或名词动词原形LetsnotsayanythingaboutitDontletthemplaywithfireLetthemnotplaywithfire.,祈使句有时相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。祈使句：Useyourheadandyoullfindaway.条件句：Ifyouuseyourhead,youllfindaway.如果你动动脑筋，你就会找到方法。,句型转换,3、感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情。分为两种：一种以what引导，一种以how引导。句尾用感叹号“！”。用降调。,what引导的感叹句：What+名词（或形容词名词）陈述句（主语谓语）！(他是个)多么诚实的人啊!Whatanhonestmanheis!(这些是)多么大的苹果啊!Whatbigapplestheseare!多么好的天气啊!Whatfineweatheritis!,2how引导的感叹句：How+形容词或副词陈述句（主语谓语）+！今天天气多热阿！Howhotitistoday!那凤筝飞得多么高啊!Howhighthekiteisflying!他跑的多快啊！Howfastheruns!多么诚实的人啊！Howhonestthemanis!我多想当个老师阿1HowIwanttobeateacher！,当How修饰动词时动词不提前,1按要求改写下列句子,1Thereissomemilkinthebottle(改为否定句)1.Thereisntanymilkinthebottle.2Takethechairtothedoor(改为否定句)2.Donttakethechairtothedoor.3Hedidthehouseworkyesterday(改为否定句)3.Hedidntdothehouseworkyesterday.4Theshipisbig(改为感叹句)4.Howbigtheshipis!/Whatabigshipitis!5Hedoeswellinmaths(改为否定句)5.Hedoesntdowellinmaths.,6Theycanputthebaginthebox(改为否定句)6.Theycannotputthebaginthebox.7Givehimabottleofmilk(改为否定句)7.Dontgivehimabottleofmilk.8Hehaddonewiththegoodsbeforehewentaway(改为否定句)8.Hehadntdonewiththegoodsbeforehewentaway.9Thesepeopleareverybrave(改为感叹句)9.Howbravethesepeopleare!/Whatbravepeopletheyare!10Tomhasstrongarms(改为What引导的感叹句)10.WhatstrongarmsTomhas!,11Thisfilmisverygood(改为How引导的感叹句)11.Howgoodthefilmis!12Iwanttobeadoctor(改为感叹句)12.HowIwanttobeadoctor!13Therewassomethingwrongwiththeradio(改为否定句)13.Therewasnothingwrongwiththeradio.or:Therewasntanythingwrongwiththeradio.14Youmustbekindtotheotherpeople(改为祈使句)14.Bekindtotheotherpeople!/Dobekindtotheotherpeople!15Youmustnteatlunchnow(改为祈使句)15.Donteatlunchnow!,16Shallweplaytennisafterschool?(改为祈使句)16.Letsplaytennisafterschool.17Howcolditistoday!(改为肯定陈述句)17.Itisverycoldtoday.18Ithinkhewillcome(改为否定句)18.Idontthinkhewillcome.19Heworksveryhard(改为HOW引导的感叹句)19.Howhardheworks!20Letsgotoseethem(改为否定句)20.Letsnotgotoseethem.,2汉译英,1父亲很可怜，他几乎不会写他的名字。1.Hisfatherispoor.Hecanhardlywritehisname.2我很少看报纸，我不知道每天都发生什么事。2.Iseldomreadnewspapers.Idontknowwhathashappened/happenseveryday.3我的父亲并非每天早上都到办公室去。3.Myfatherdoesnotgotohisofficeeverymorning.4好难的工作呀！4.Whatadifficultjob!5他跳得真高！5.Howhighhejumps!,写作：接受便条,DearMr.Dane,IamplanningadinnerpartyforalltheexpertswhohavecometoBritaintoattendtheEngineersConference,ThedinnerwillbeheldintheKingsHalloftheBrightHotelbeginningat7:30p.m.onTuesday,28July.Ihopethatyouwillbeabletojoinusonthisoccasion.Ilookforwardtoseeingyou.Yourssincerely,JohnMalory,DearMr.Malory,Manythanksforyourinvitationtothedinnerp