否定词的用法完全解析

Unit1Grammarandusage,Negativestatements,Revision,1搬到伦敦让Pip很兴奋，他迫不及待开始了他的新生活。ExcitedbyhismovetoLondon,Pipcanhardlywaittobeginhisnewlife.2钱买不到幸福。Moneydoesnotbuyhappiness.,否定陈述常用来纠正错误的看法或提出对比。,Hedidntleaveanythingtohissonbutabiglibraryofbooks.Isntthisfilmmoving?,否定陈述也可以表示肯定的意思。,1常见否定句2否定句种类2否定转移3否定句的倒装4形式肯定，意义否定5形式否定，意义肯定6练习,否定副词not,seldom,never,hardly,rarely,nowhere等与谓语动词连用。ImafraidthatIcannotattendyourpartythisweekend.Icanhardlyunderstandwhathesaidjustnow.,由Dont或Never+动词原形构成。DontgiveuptryingeventhoughitisdifficulttolearnEnglish!英语虽然难学，但千万别放弃尝试！Donotcutdownthetreethatgivesyoushade.切勿忘恩负义。Neverjudgepeoplebytheirappearance.不可以貌取人。,否定祈使句,常用来表示反问、惊讶、建议、赞叹等语气。Dontyouknowthesetrafficrules?难道你不知道这些交通规则吗？Arentyousupposedtobeworking?你不是应该正在干活吗？Youlookpale.Whydontyouhavearest?你看起来脸色苍白，为什么不休息一会儿？Isntitalovelyday?天气多好啊！,否定疑问句：,注意：在回答否定疑问句时，要根据具体事实作答-DidntyouseethefilmTitanicyesterday?-_.Iwouldliketohaveseenit.A.Yes,IdidB.No,IdidntC.Yes,IdidntD.No,Idid,-YouhaventbeentoBeijing,haveyou?-_.AndIvisitedtheSummerPalace.A.Yes,IhaveB.Yes,IhaventC.No,IhaveD.No,Ihavent,部分否定否定词not与表示整体意义的词，如：all,both,everything,everywhere,always,often,entirely,necessarily等连用时,不管位置如何，表部分否定“并非都”,AllisnotgoldthatglittersNotallisgoldthatglitters.Bothofthemarenotuseful.NotbothofthemareusefulSuchathingisnotfoundeverywhereThericharenotalwayshappy.Hisattentionwasnotentirelypaidtohisresearch.,全部否定由“否定主语（否定代词或no+名词）+肯定谓语”构成。,Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人。NoneofuscanspeakFrench.我们都不会讲法语。Nomanisbornwise.人非生而知之。,注意：常用“neither/nor+助动词/情态动词+主语”来表达“某人也不”Jimdidntknowhersecret,neither/nordidJack.吉姆不知道她的秘密，杰克也不知道。Ifyoudontaccepthisinvitation,neithershallI.如果你不接受他的邀请，我也不接受。,几乎否定表示整个句子的意思接近于否定。常用的有little(few),hardly,rarely,seldom等Weseldom/hardlyhearsuchfinesinging.Littleremainstobesaid.简直没什么可说的了.,双重否定同一个句子当中有两个否定词，表示的意思是肯定的，但比肯定句的语气要重。,Donttrytooperatethismachineunlessyouknowtherulesforsafety.如果不懂安全规则，千万别动这台机器。Itsnevertoolatetolearn.活到老，学到老。Thereisnosuccesswithouthardships.没有经历暴雨，哪有彩虹。Youcantmakesomethingoutofnothing.巧夫难为无米之炊.,含有原因状语从句的主从复合句，形式上虽然否定主句的谓语，然而意义上则是否定该原因状语，译为“并不因为而”GalileowasnotreadytoacceptitjustbecauseAristotlehadsaidso伽利略并不只是因为亚里斯多德说过某事何如何，就轻易相信它。Themountainisnotvaluablebecauseitishigh.山不在高。,否定转移,2.当think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时，通常把从句中的not提前，把主句变成否定句，从句用肯定形式。,Wedontbelievethatthenewsistrue.我们相信这个消息不是真的。Idontthinkthatheishonest.我认为他不诚实。,（1）把这些发生否定转移的句子变为反意疑问句时，注意形式一致。Idontthinkthatheishonest,ishe?（2）not常用在Ithink,Ibelieve,Iexpect,Isuppose,Iguess,Imafraid之后，构成省略句。-Doyouthinkitwillbeafinedaytomorrow?-Imafraidnot.-DoyoubelievethatRocketwillwinthegame?-Ibelievenot.(=Idontbelieveso.),否定句的倒装,表否定意义的词或短语放在句首，要用部分倒装如：not,never,seldom,hardly,innoway/bynomeans,atnotime,等。,Bynomeanswillchinafirstusenuclearweapons.,Notoftendotheymeet.,形式肯定，意义否定,1tooto结构2用morethan帮助构成否定“不仅仅、超出”3用thelast/least“最不”构成否定句4anythingbut“绝对不，一点也不”4在“Itis+时间段+since”结构中，从句谓语是延续性动词时表示否定意义5用肯定形式的虚拟语气可以表示实际的否定意义。,Heistooyoungtocarrysoheavyacase.ThisismorethanIcando.Thebeautyoftheparkismorethanwordscandescribe.HeisthelastmanIwanttosee.Thatlittleboatisanythingbutsafe.Itisthreeyearssincehewasateacher.Youcouldhavedonethejobbetterifyouhadputmoretimeintoit.,形式否定，意义肯定,1too修饰ready,glad,anxious,eager等词时相当于“very”2cannot/nevertoo再也不为过;越.越好3nothingbut相当于“only”4hardly/scarcelywhen=nosooner.than.”表示“刚就”5否定词与比较级连用，强调所修饰的词的肯定意义。6.cannothelp/choosebut（必须，不得不，只能），7.cannothelpdoingsth.（忍不住做某事），,Heistooreadytohelpothers.Youcannotbetoocarefultodoyourhomework.Thereisnothingbutsandsleftaftertheforestwasdestroyed.HardlyhadIgotto