2020-2021学年高中英语 Unit 4 Making the news Section Ⅲ Grammar学案 新人教版必修5

section grammar倒装语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.never will zhou yang (zy) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular english newspaper.2.not only am i interested in photography，but i took an amateur course at university to update my skills.3.only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.1.例句1中的never为否定副词，位于句首，句子要部分倒装，故will提到主语zhou yang前面。2.例句2中的not only位于句首，其连接的分句要部分倒装，故am提到主语i前面，但but (also) 连接的分句不用倒装。3.例句3中的only修饰if引导的状语从句，主句要采用部分倒装，故will提到主语you前面。在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后，即正常语序。但有时为了语法结构的需要或表示强调，就要采取倒装形式。倒装有两种：部分倒装和完全倒装。一、部分倒装将谓语的一部分(通常是助动词、情态动词或 be 动词)提到主语前称为部分倒装，主要有以下几种情况：1only修饰状语(从句)放在句首时(1)“only状语”位于句首，句子主谓部分倒装。only then did i realize the importance of learning english well.直到那时我才意识到学好英语的重要性。(2)“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句的主语和谓语要部分倒装，从句不倒装。only if we keep on working hard can we succeed the next time.只有努力工作，下次我们才会成功。2表示否定意义的词或短语放在句首时此类词或短语主要有：not，never，seldom，little，hardly，rarely，by no means，at no time，in no case，in no way，under no circumstances，on no condition等。never have my parents quarrelled.我父母从未吵过架。seldom do i go to work by bus.我很少乘公共汽车上班。3某些含有否定词的连词位于句首时not only.but also.连接两个并列句时，含有not only的句子用部分倒装；hardly.when.，no sooner.than.，not.until.引导的句子，当hardly，no sooner，not until位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。not only can travelling relax us，but it can also broaden our horizons.旅游不仅能使我们放松，还可以开阔我们的视野。hardly had i sat down when the telephone rang.我刚一坐下，电话铃就响了。4表示“也(不)”的so/neither/nor位于句首时(1)表示一种肯定情况也适用于另一方时，用so倒装；his brother likes football and so does my brother.他弟弟喜欢足球，我弟弟也喜欢。(2)表示一种否定情况也适用于另一方或一方同时具备两种否定情况时，用neither/nor倒装。you dont know the way.neither do i.你不知道路。我也不知道。5当as/though表示“尽管”时当as/though表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，把要强调的表语、谓语动词、状语放在主语之前。housewife as/though she is，she knows a lot about law.虽然她是一位家庭主妇，她却懂得很多法律方面的事。busy as he was，he spared some time to accompany me.尽管他很忙，他还是挤出一些时间来陪我。名师点津形容词或副词提前时前面不加very一类的修饰语；名词提前时前面不加冠词；though引导的从句可以倒装，也可不倒装；although引导的从句没有倒装形式。6在含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中在含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中可以省略if，将had/were/should放在主语之前，构成部分倒装。were it to rain tomorrow，i wouldnt attend the meeting.要是明天下雨我就不参加会议了。7so/such.that.中的so/such出现于句首时在so/such.that.句式中，如果so/such引导的部分前置，主句中的主语和谓语应用部分倒装。so kind was he that we all respected him.他如此善良，以至于我们大家都尊敬他。8may表示祝愿时may表示祝愿时，应将may放在主语前。may you have a nice trip!祝你旅途愉快！巧学助记口诀记部分倒装only修饰副、介、状，位于句首半倒装。否定意义副连词，放在句首也同样。not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。(注：半倒装部分倒装。)即时演练1用倒装结构改写下列句子i didnt read the notice on the bulletin board.he didnt，either.i didnt read the notice on the bulletin board，neither/nor did he.you can solve the problem only with this method.only with this method can you solve the problem.people seldom did experiment to test their ideas.seldom did people do experiment to test their ideas.二、完全倒装完全倒装指的是整个谓语提到主语前面。主要有以下几种情况：1there be句型其中be可换用appear，come，exist，happen，lie，live，seem等动词。there stands a temple on the top of the mountain.山顶上有座庙。2表方位的副词位于句首，且主语是名词副词here，there，now，then 等开头的句子，以及表示动态的副词 in，out，away，up，down，off，back，over 等置于句首作状语时，谓语动词是 be，come，follow，go，begin 等，且句子主语为名词时。there goes the bell.铃声响了。out rushed the boy，crying.那个男孩哭着跑出来了。3表地点的介词短语位于句首，且主语为名词in front of the house stood a tower.房子前面矗立着一座塔。4such作表语，置于句首意为“就是如此/这样”。such were his words.such was what he said.他就是这样说的。5强调分词动作或作表语的形容词growing all over the mountain are wild flowers.漫山遍野长满了野花。present at the meeting were some important figures.出席会议的是一些重要人物。巧学助记七言记完全倒装副介开头全倒装，遇到代词则照常。方位方式别遗忘，上下进出往前放。there，here用得上，时间顺序句首放。表语句首主语长，句子平衡需倒装。名师点津完全倒装在完全倒装句中，谓语动词的数要与后面的主语一致。完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。即时演练2用倒装结构改写下列句子some picture books are here.here are some picture books.a beautiful girl sits under that tree.under that tree sits a beautiful girl.suddenly the door opened and a woman rushed out.suddenly the door opened and out rushed a woman.句型转换1three famous singers are among the visitors.among the visitors are three famous singers.2the air pollution is so serious that every one of us should take action as soon as possible.so serious is the air pollution that every one of us should take action as soon as possible.3the speaker sat in the front of the lecture hall.in the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.4he plays the violin quite well.my sister plays the violin quite well，too.he plays the violin quite well.so does my sister.5i dont like this dress.mary doesnt like this dress either.i dont like this dress，neither/nor does mary.6he not only helped me out of difficulty，but he also offered me a parttime job.not only did he help me out of difficulty，but he also offered me a parttime job.7you will be able to make progress only if you put your heart into your study.only if you put your heart into your study will you be able to make progress.8he did not regret not having worked harder until he failed in the final test.not until he failed in the final test did he regret not having worked harder.9on hearing the shot of gun，all the birds flew away from the tree.on hearing the shot of gun，away flew all the birds from the tree.10though he is disabled，he tries his best to make a living by himself.disabled though he is，he tries his best to make a living by himself.完成句子1从前有个名叫比夫的人住在那里。(live)once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of beef.2迈克尔从来没想过有一天他会成为班里的一名顶尖学生。(occur)not once did it occur to michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.3他们绝对没有违反比赛规则，惩罚他们是不公平的。(break)at no tim