大学英语综合教程第一单元教案

Prof.Spirkinsrecollectionsofhisexperienceofworkinginthesecretlaboratory:,Oneoftheauthorsofthe,BeforeReading_MAIN,AbouttheAuthor,AlexanderSpirkin,ReadandThink,EnvironmentalIssues,GroupDiscussion,AcorrespondingmemberoftheUSSRAcademyofSciences.,DialecticalMaterialism,AlexanderSpirkin,Aprominentscientist,awell-knownSovietphilosopherandpsychologist.,GreatSovietEncyclopedia.,DirectoroftheDepartmentofGeneralProblemsofDialecticalMaterialismattheAcademyInstituteofPhilosophy.,UsedtobethefirstdirectorofasecretlaboratoryofclairvoyantsintheUSSR.,BeforeReading_1.1,Istillknownothingabouttheresultsofthosescientificworkswithremoteviewersevensomanyyearsafter.Sovietmilitaryofficialswereinterestedinourwork,too.Theylistenedtomylectureswithgreatinterest.OnmanyoccasionsIwastakentosecretmilitaryheadquarters,thewhereaboutsofwhichIdidntknoweithertheyweretakingmethereincarswithcurtainsonthewindows.IntheendIhadtoleavethelaboratory.NewtechnologiesanddevicesstartedtoappearbutIcouldhardlyunderstandanythingaboutthem.Aspecialcommitteecametocheckourequipment,andtheywereshockedtoseehowoutdateditwas.Thelaboratorywasnotclosed.Ayoungerscientisttookmyplaceinthelab,butIknownothingaboutitscurrentactivities.,AbouttheAuthor,AlexanderSpirkin,ReadandThink,EnvironmentalIssues,GroupDiscussion,DialecticalMaterialism,DialecticalMaterialism,writtenbyProfessorAlexanderSpirkin,waspublishedin1983byThisbookisaLeninistphilosophy,itscentralandproblems,itshistoricalroleandinthecomplexworldoftoday.Itisanattempttoexpoundtheandideasofthisphilosophyinacompressedform.Itsphilosophyandart,manandhisintheworld,theofhumanreason,manandcultureandmanyotherproblemsthatarenotusuallyonMarxist-Leninistphilosophy.,BeforeReading_1.2,Directions:OneofthemostfamousbookswrittenbyAlexanderSpirkinisDialecticalMaterialism，wherethetextcomesfrom.Listentoabriefintroductiontothebookandtrytocatchthemissingwordsorphrasesfortheblanksinthepassage.,consideration,_,ProgressPublishers,_,significance,_,propositions,_,range,_,encompasses,basicprinciples,_,existence,_,creativepower,_,examined,_,insimilarcourses,oftheessenceofMarxist-,AbouttheAuthor,AlexanderSpirkin,ReadandThink,EnvironmentalIssues,GroupDiscussion,DialecticalMaterialism,Moscow.,BeforeReading_2,Directions:Readthefollowingposter.Canyouunderstandwhatthepostermeans?Whatinformationcanyoulearnfromit?Howdoyoufeelafterreadingtheposter?,AbouttheAuthor,AlexanderSpirkin,ReadandThink,EnvironmentalIssues,GroupDiscussion,DialecticalMaterialism,TheworldswatersupplyIfallearthswaterfitinagallonjug,availablefreshwaterwouldequaljustoveratablespoonlessthanhalfofonepercentofthetotal.About97percentoftheplanetswaterisseawater;anothertwopercentislockedinicecapsandglaciers.Vastreservesoffreshwaterunderlieearthssurface,butmuchofitistoodeeptoeconomicallytap.,BeforeReading_3.1,1.Whatenvironmentalissuesdoyouthinkarethemostpressingnow?2.Canyourecognizewhatenvironmentalissuesdothefollowingpicturesshow?Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?Shareyourknowledgewithyourclassmates.,AbouttheAuthor,AlexanderSpirkin,ReadandThink,EnvironmentalIssues,GroupDiscussion,DialecticalMaterialism,BeforeReading_3.2,Deforestation,(),AirPollution,(),GlobalWarming,(),OzoneDepletion,(),AbouttheAuthor,AlexanderSpirkin,ReadandThink,EnvironmentalIssues,GroupDiscussion,DialecticalMaterialism,Wehumanbeingsliveontheearthandalwayskeepdevelopingourcivilization.Wheredoyouthinkhumancivilizationisheading?Howcanweliveinharmonywithnature?Discusswithyourgroupmembersandshareyourexperienceswiththem.,BeforeReading_4,Directions:,AbouttheAuthor,AlexanderSpirkin,ReadandThink,EnvironmentalIssues,GroupDiscussion,DialecticalMaterialism,GlobalReading_1.1,Parts,Paras.,MainIdeas,1,2,12,34,Manlivesintherealmofnature.Heisconnectedwithnatureby“bloodties”andhecannotliveoutsidenature.,Associetydevelops,mantendstobecomelessdependentonnaturedirectly,whileindirectlyhisdependencegrowsbecausetheindustrialtransformationoftheearthmakesitincreasinglydifficulttoobtainirreplaceablenaturalresourcesfortheneedsofproduction.,TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,QuestionsandAnswers,BlankFilling,FurtherUnderstanding,Interview,57,Atpresent,MotherNatureisbeingexhaustedinresources,contaminatedbysyntheticproducts,andtroubledbyecologicalimbalance.Thepreviousdynamicbalancebetweenmanandnatureandbetweennatureandsocietyasawhole,hasshownominoussignsofbreakingdown.,3,GlobalReading_1.1,Parts,Paras.,MainIdeas,89,ThesolutiontomannatureliesinrationalandwiseorganizationofbothproductionitselfandcareforMotherNaturebyallhumanity.Andthefailuretoliveinharmonywithnatureandobeyitslawswouldcausefataldisaster.,4,TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,QuestionsandAnswers,BlankFilling,FurtherUnderstanding,Interview,Wehumansliveinsideandwiththenature.Theair,waterandfoodmakeusconstantlyoftheinfluenceofnature.Butweittoo.Weconvertitswealthintoours.isanexampletoserveourinterest.Wealsoplantsandanimalstodifferentclimaticconditions,andbychangingtheclimate,weevenplantsandanimals.,ransfer,t_,GlobalReading_2.1,nteract,i_,ware,a_,lectricity,E_,ransform,t_,ransform,t_,TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,QuestionsandAnswers,BlankFilling,FurtherUnderstanding,Interview,GlobalReading_2.21,Withthedevelopmentofoursociety,humanbeingsbecomemoreandmoreindependent.Theimperfecttoolspreventedourancestorsfromsatisfyingtheirneeds.Peopleinancienttimestendedtoseethenatureselementalforcesasfriendly.,1.2.3.,Associetydevelops,mantendstobecomelessdependentonnaturedirectly,whileindirectlyhisdependencegrows.,Despitetheirimperfecttools,theyworkedtogetherstubbornly,collectively,andwereabletoattainresults.,F,(),F,(),Naturewithitselementalforceswasregardedassomethinghostiletoman.,F,(),TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,QuestionsandAnswers,BlankFilling,FurtherUnderstanding,Interview,GlobalReading_2.22,Deforestationoriginallywasduetohumansfearofforest.Astimegoeson,mankindbeginstolookforotherresourcestotaketheplaceofnaturalresources.,4.5.,Astimegoeson,mankindbecomesincreasinglyconcernedwiththequestionofwhereandhowtoobtainirreplaceablenaturalresourcesfortheneedsofproduction.,F,(),T,(),TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,QuestionsandAnswers,BlankFilling,FurtherUnderstanding,Interview,GlobalReading_3.1,1.Whatsignsaregiveninthisparttoshowthatthepreviousdynamicbalanceisbreakingdown?,Theproblemofreplaceableresourcesofthebiospherehasbecomeacute.Itisgettingmoredifficulttosatisfytheneedsofhumanbeingsandsocietyevenforsuchasubstanceasfreshwater.Theproblemofeliminatingindustrialwasteisalsobecomingincreasinglycomplex.,2.Whatisthefeatureofmoderntechnology?,Anever-increasingabundanceofproducedandusedsyntheticgoods.,3.Whydoyoungpeoplelikesynthetic,glitteringfabricsthatarenotgoodforthem?,Becausetheypaymoreattentiontoappearancethantohealthandtheywillonlybecomeawareofthisharmfulinfluenceastheygrowolder.,TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,QuestionsandAnswers,BlankFilling,FurtherUnderstanding,Interview,GlobalReading_3.2,4.Inwhatwayarethesyntheticproductsharmfultotheearth?,Whensyntheticproductsturnintowaste,substancesthatintheiroriginalformwerenotverytoxicaretransformedintoharmfulsubstancesinthecycleofnaturalprocesses.,TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,QuestionsandAnswers,BlankFilling,FurtherUnderstanding,Interview,GlobalReading_4,1.Howdoesthewriterviewthemannaturerelation?2.Whatisthesolutiontoecologicalcrisis?3.Ifhumanbeingsgoonviolatingthelawsofnature,whatwillhappen?4.WhatOrientalwisdomcanweuseforreferencetodealwiththemannaturerelation?,Workinpairstoperformaninterview.Onestudentplaysasthewriter,AlexanderSpirkin,andtheother,ajournalist.Youtwoaretalkingaboutthemannaturerelation.Yourconversationshouldbebasedonpart4,anditshouldcoverthefollowingaspects:,Directions:,TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,QuestionsandAnswers,BlankFilling,FurtherUnderstanding,Interview,Naturenurturesmankindunselfishlywithitsrichresources.Yet,manissocarriedawayinhistransformationofnaturethatheisunawarethatitalsohaslimitationsandneedsconstantcare.Nowwornbytheexcessivedemandsofmankind,natureisunabletomaintaintheecologicalbalanceneeded.Humanityisfacedwiththeproblemofhowtostop,oratleasttomoderate,thedestructionofMotherNature.,DetailedReading_t0,DetailedReading,Humanbeingsliveintherealmofnature.Theyareconstantlysurroundedbyitandinteractwithit.Manisconstantlyawareoftheinfluenceofnatureintheformoftheairhebreathes,thewaterhedrinks,andthefoodheeats.Weareconnectedwithnatureby“bloodties”andwecannotliveoutsidenature.,ManintheRealmofNatureAlexanderSpirkin,DetailedReading_t1,DetailedReading,Manisnotonlyadwellerinnature,healsotransformsit.Humanityconvertsnatureswealthintothemeansofthecultural,historicallifeofsociety.Manhassubduedanddisciplinedelectricityandcompelledittoservetheinterestsofsociety.Notonlyhasmantransferredvariousspeciesofplantsandanimalstodifferentclimaticconditions,hehasalsochangedtheshapeandclimateofhisenvironmentandtransformedplantsandanimals.,Associetydevelops,mantendstobecomelessdependentonnaturedirectly,whileindirectlyhisdependencegrows.Ourdistantancestorslivedinfearofnaturesdestructiveforces.Veryoftentheywereunabletoobtainthemerestdailynecessities.However,despitetheirimperfecttools,theyworkedtogether,DetailedReading_t2,DetailedReading,stubbornly,collectively,andwereabletoattainresults.Naturewasalsochangedthroughinteractionwithman.Forestsweredestroyedandtheareaoffarmlandincreased.Naturewithitselementalforceswasregardedassomethinghostiletoman.Theforest,forexample,wassomethingwildandfrighteningandpeopletriedtoforceittoretreat.Thiswasalldoneinthenameofcivilization,whichmeanttheplaceswheremanhadmadehishome,wheretheearthwascultivated,wheretheforesthadbeencutdown.,evenforsuchasubstance,forexample,asfreshwater.Theproblemofeliminatingindustrialwasteisalsobecomingincreasinglycomplex.,DetailedReading_t3,DetailedReading,Butastimegoesonmankindbecomesincreasinglyconcernedwiththequestionofwhereandhowtoobtainirreplaceablenaturalresourcesfortheneedsofproduction.Scienceandmanspracticaltransformingactivitieshavemadehumanityawareoftheenormousgeologicalroleplayedbytheindustrialtransformationoftheearth.,Atpresentthepreviousdynamicbalancebetweenmanandnatureandbetweennatureandsocietyasawhole,hasshownominoussignsofbreakingdown.Theproblemoftheso-calledreplaceableresourcesofthebiospherehasbecomeparticularlyacute.Itisgettingmoreandmoredifficulttosatisfytheneedsofhumanbeingsandsociety,Moderntechnologyisdistinguishedbyanever-increasingabundanceofproducedandusedsyntheticgoods.Hundredsofthousandsofsyntheticmaterialsarebeingmade.Peopleincreasinglycovertheirbodiesfromheadtofootinnylonandothersynthetic,glitteringfabricsthatareobviouslynot,DetailedReading_t4,DetailedReading,Astimegoeson,thesyntheticoutputofproductionturnsintowaste,andthensubstancesthatintheiroriginalformwerenotverytoxicaretransformedinthecycleofnaturalprocessesintoaggressiveagents.Todaybothnaturalscientistsandphilosophersareaskingthemselvesthequestion:Ismansdestructionofthebiosphereinevitable?,goodforthem.Youngpeoplemayhardlyfeelthis,andtheypaymoreattentiontoappearancethantohealth.Buttheybecomemoreawareofthisharmfulinfluenceastheygrowolder.,Buttoreturntoourtheme,thebittertruthisthatthosehumanactionswhichviolatethelawsofnature,theharmonyofthebiosphere,threatentobringdisasterandthisdisastermayturnouttobeuniversal.HowaptthenarethewordsofancientOrientalwisdom:liveclosertonature,myfriends,anditseternallawswillprotectyou!,DetailedReading_t5,DetailedReading,Theman-naturerelationthecrisisoftheecologicalsituationisaglobalproblem.ItssolutionliesinrationalandwiseorganizationofbothproductionitselfandcareforMotherNature,notjustbyindividuals,enterprisesorcountries,butbyallhumanity.Oneofthewaystodealwiththecrisissituationinthe“man-nature”systemistousesuchresourcesas,solarenergy,thepowerofwinds,therichesoftheseasandoceansandother,asyetunknownnaturalforcesoftheuniverse.,1.Whatdoes“bloodties”referto?,Weareconnectedwithnatureby“bloodties”andwecannotliveoutsidenature.,DetailedReading_t1_We,DetailedReading,Itreferstosuchverycloserelationshipaskinship.,2.Translatethissentence.,我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。,Humanityconvertsnatureswealthintothemeansofthecultural,historicallifeofsociety.,DetailedReading_t1_Humanity,TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,DetailedReading,人类把自然资源转变为各种文化和社会历史的财富。,Analyzethestructureofthissentence.,Notonlyhasmantransferredvariousspeciesofplantsandanimalstodifferentclimaticconditions,hehasalsochangedtheshapeandclimateofhisenvironmentandtransformedplantsandanimals.,DetailedReading_t1_Not,DetailedReading,Thisisacompoundsentenceledby“notonly(but)also”.Thefirsthalfledby“notonly”istheinvertedstructure.,Moreexamples:,NotonlyisTomveryclever,heisalsoverydiligent.Notonlydidhelosehisbag,buthehimselfgotlost.Notonlydoeshewritethelyricstothesongs,buthealsocomposesthemusic.,Paraphrasethissentence.,Manhasshifteddifferentkindsofplantsandanimalstoareaswithdifferentclimatesfromthoseoftheiroriginalhabitats.Moreover,manhastransformedtheshapeandclimateofhisownenvironmentandaccordinglytheplantsandanimalshavealsoadaptedthemselvestothechanges.,Naturewithitselementalforceswasregardedassomethinghostiletoman.,DetailedReading_t2_Nature,Whatcanwelearnfromthissentence?,Wecanlearnthatthepowerofnatureisoutofmanscontrolsothatitisbelievedtobeunfavorabletohumanity.,DetailedReading,2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,大自然及其威力被看成是和人类敌对的东西。,Thiswasalldoneinthenameofcivilization,whichmeanttheplaceswheremanhadmadehishome,wheretheearthwascultivated,wheretheforesthadbeencutdown.,DetailedReading_t2_This,1.Analyzethestructureofthissentence.,Theattributiveclauseledby“which”includesanotherthreeattributiveclausesledby“where”inparallelstructure.,DetailedReading,2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,这一切都是打着“文明”的旗号进行的。所谓“文明”，就是人类在哪里建立家园、耕耘土地，哪里的森林就被砍伐。,Scienceandmanspracticaltransformingactivitieshavemadehumanityawareoftheenormousgeologicalroleplayedbytheindustrialtransformationoftheearth.,DetailedReading_t3_Science,Paraphrasethissentence.,Manhasrealizedthegreatgeologicalchangescausedbytheindustrialinfluenceontheearth,whichismadebyscienceandmanstransformingactivitiesinpractice.,DetailedReading,Atpresent,thepreviousdynamicbalancebetweenmanandnatureandbetweennatureandsocietyasawhole,hasshownominoussignsofbreakingdown.,DetailedReading_t3_Atpresent,1.Whatcanwelearnfromthissentence?,Wecanlearnfromthesentencethatmanhasthreatenedthebalancebetweenmanandnatureandbetweennatureandsociety,whichusedtobemaintaineddynamically,butnowtendstocollapse.,DetailedReading,2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,目前，人与自然以及自然与社会整体之间过去存在的动态平衡，已显现出崩溃的迹象。,Moderntechnologyisdistinguishedbyanever-increasingabundanceofproducedandusedsyntheticgoods.,DetailedReading_t4_Modern,1.Whatcanweinferfromthissentence?,Wecaninferfromthissentencethatitismoderntechnology,toagreatextent,thatenablestheproductionandconsumptionoflargequantitiesofsyntheticgoods.,DetailedReading,2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,现代技术的特征是生产和使用日益丰富的人工合成产品。,ItssolutionliesinrationalandwiseorganizationofbothproductionitselfandcareforMotherNature,notjustbyindividuals,enterprisesorcountries,butbyallhumanity.,DetailedReading_t5_Itssolution,TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,DetailedReading,这一问题的解决之道在于理性而明智地协调生产和对大自然的关爱之间的关系，这不仅要依靠个人、企业或者国家的力量，而且要依靠全人类的力量。,Buttoreturntoourtheme,thebittertruthisthatthosehumanactionswhichviolatethelawsofnature,theharmonyofthebiosphere,threatentobringdisastermayturnouttobeuniversal.,DetailedReading_t5_Butto,2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.,DetailedReading,但是，回到我们原先的主题上，令人难以接受的事实是那些违背了自然规律、破坏了生物圈和谐的人类行为将会带来灾难，而这一事实可能是普遍存在的。,1.Paraphrasethissentence.,Aswecometothetopicunderdiscussion,itispainfultoseethefactthathumanactivitiesmaywellbringdisasterthroughtheviolationofthelawsofnatureandtheharmonyofthebiosphere.,realm:n.acountryruledoverbyakingorqueen;ageneralareaofknowledge,activity,orthought,DetailedReading_t1_realm,Thekinghadtocallrepresentativesofdifferentclassesoftherealmintoconsultationuponthenationaleconomiccrisis.,DetailedReading,Themoviehasbroughtchildrentoarealmofimagination.,影片将孩子们带入了幻想的王国。,publicrealm公众领域withintherealmsofpossibility有可能的,Collocations:,Healwaysprojectsanimageofsuccessinpublicrealm.,他总是以成功人士的形象出现在公众面前。,Itwasactuallywithintherealmsofpossibility.,这是完全有可能的。,interact:vi.ifpeopleorthingsinteractwitheachother,theyaffecteachother,DetailedReading_t1_interact,DetailedReading,Lucyinteractswellwithotherchildrenintheclass.,所有事物都是互相联系又互相作用的。,Allthingsareinterrelatedandinteractwitheachother.,transform:vt.,DetailedReading_t1_transform1,tocompletelychangetheappearance,form,orcharacterofsomethingorsomeone,especiallyinawaythatimprovesit,DetailedReading,Increasedpopulationhastransformedthelandscape.,这部戏几乎在一夜之间把她从一个不为人知的校园女生变成了演艺巨星。,Theplaytransformedheralmostovernightfromanunknownschoolgirlintoamegastar.,DetailedReading_t1_transform2,DetailedReading,这些动词均有“变化，改变”之意。指任何变化，完全改变，强调与原先的情况有明显的不同。指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。指信仰或态度时，强调较激烈、大的改变。指人或物在形状、外观、形式、性质等方面发生的彻底变化，失去原状成为全新的东西。,1.Inordertotheirenvironment,hedrewuptheproject.2.Carbondioxidecanbeintooxygenthroughtheagencyofplant.3.Whydotheleavesontreescolourinautumn?4.Healwaysattemptstootherstoaparticulardoctrineorbelief.,Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.,change,_,transform,_,converted,_,convert,_,convert:v.,DetailedReading_t1_convert,tochangesomethingintoadifferentformofthing,ortochangesomethingsothatitcanbeusedforadifferentpurposeorinadifferentway,DetailedReading,Theyconvertedthesparebedroomintoanoffice.,他成功地让我接受了他的观点。,Hesucceededinconvertingmetohispointofview.,Intheprocess,thelightenergyconvertstoheatenergy.,subdue:vt.,DetailedReading_t1_subdue,gaincontrolof,esp.bydefeating,DetailedReading,Foracenturywelabouredtosettleandtosubduethecontinent.,警方设法制服了愤怒的人群。,Policemanagedtosubduetheangrycrowd.,该词的过去分词subdued可作形容词，意为“柔和的，减弱的，无精打采的”。例如：,NB:,Inthebar,thereissubduedlightandsoftmusic.,Richardseemsverysubduedtonight.,discipline:,DetailedReading_t1_discipline1,1.vt.trainordevelop,esp.inobedienceandself-control,DetailedReading,Discipliningchildrentakespatienceandconsistency.,不同文化中对于孩子的训导方式是不一样的。,Differentculture