定语从句简单

TheAttributiveclause定语从句,定语从句：,由一个句子充当定语,从句的位置：,在名词或代词后,先行词：被定语从句修饰的词,引导词：,引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词,引导词的作用:(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置,先行词和关系词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。先行词、关系词/引导词,对等,代替Thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme.先行词关系词bike,关系词的作用：既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当某种成分。,分类,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：,Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.,限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。,非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。,1.Hismother,whomheloveddearly,wentabroad.2.Thismachine,whichhehaslookedafterformanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.3.Aqiao,whoseparentshaddied,hadtomakealivingbyherself.4.Thefamily,wholivedupstairs,arefondofmusic.,说明：非限制性定语不能用that引导；作宾语用的关系代词不能省；要用逗号隔开。,thehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughty,boy,TheboyisTom.,TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.,TheboywhoistallisTom.,TheboywhoisstrongisTom,TheboywhoiscleverisTom,TheboywhoisnaughtyisTom.,TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.,TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语),TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.,TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.,ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,Thewomangotthejob.ThewomancanspeakRussian.,ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Theteacherisfamous.,Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.,Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语),Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.,Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,Ex:Heistheteacher.TheteachercanspeakFrench.,HeistheteacherwhocanspeakFrench.,Doyouknowtheman?Hecametovisityoutoday.,Doyouknowthemanwhocametovisityoutoday?,Theladysteppedonhisfoot.Hewasdancingwiththelady.,Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.,Doyouknowtheman?Youwillvisithimtoday.,Doyouknowthemanwhomyouwillvisittoday?,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,Theapplewhichisredissmall,Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.,Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.,Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhichiseatingherflowers.,Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.,Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutlastnight.,that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,关系代词在定语从句中做主语,指人或指物,不能省掉.,关系代词在定语从句中做宾语,指人或指物,可以省略.,注意:,Exercises:1.Thegirl_issittinginthechairisagoodsinger.2.Theskirt_Maryboughttwoyearsagoisold.3.Isthisthenovel_youintroducedtome?4.Whereistheboy_brokethewindow?5.Thepicture_youarelookingatwasdrawnbyafriendofmine.,who/that,(which/that),(that/which),who/that,(which/that),whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。,Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecover(thecoverofwhich)isblue.,whose引导的定语从句,Iknowthedoctor.Hisdaughterstudiesabroad.,Iknowthedoctordaughterstudiesabroad.,Haveyouseenmybook?Thebookscoverisred.,Haveyouseenmybookcoverisred.,Havebookthecoverofwhichisred.,whose,whose,用whose或者which填空1.Thestudent_fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms_windowsfacesouth.3.Therewesawsometrees,theleavesof_wereblackwithdisease.4.Thisisthedesk_legswerebroken.,whose,whose,which,whose,二.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,Thisistheroom.Iliveintheroom.,ThisistheroomIlivein,ThisistheroomIlive.,Iknowthemanyoutalkedto.,Iknowthemanyoutalked.,which/that,inwhich,(who/whom/that),towhom,6.Hisbrotherwastheperson_IwenttoBeijing.7.Isthismantheone_youshookhandsjustnow.8.Hehasthreedaughters,twoof_areteachers.9.TherearemanylongriversinChina,_theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.,withwhom,withwhom,whom,ofwhich,Exercises:,关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样，具有数种作用。在从句中代替先行词。在句中作状语。连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。,关系副词有三种：where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.(on/in/atwhich)when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(on/inwhich)why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。thereasonwhy,由关系副词(wherewhenwhy)引导的定语从句。,1.Where先行词是地点的名词，在定语从句中充当状语(=介+which),Thisisthefactory.Weworkedinthefactory3yearsago.,Thisisthefactory3yearsago.,which/thatweworkedin,inwhichweworked,whereweworked,Thisisthetown_(=_which)Ispentmychildhood.Thetable_(=_which)sheissittingisanewone.Ivisitedthehouse_(=_which)LuXunoncelived.,where,in,where,at,where,in,2.when先行词是表时间的名词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。(介+which),Iwillrememberthedays.Istayedthereinthedays.,Iwillrememberthedays,whenIstayedthere.,inwhichIstayedthere.,whichIstayedtherein.,Illneverforgettheday_(=_which)Iwasborn.Thiswasthetime_(=_which)heleftforBeijing.Wewillputoffthemeetinguntilnextweek,_wewontbebusy.,when,on,when,at,when,3.why先行词是表原因的名词，作原因状语。(=for+which),Thisisthereason.Icantfinishitforthisreason.,Thisisthereason,forwhichIcantfinishit.,whyIcantfinishit.,Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.Thisisthereason_Iwaslate.,(which/that),why(forwhich),Exercises:Thisisthematter.Theyhavetalkedaboutthematter.Thiswastheplace.Hewasborninthepla