北京市北京四中2020学年高一英语上学期期中试题（含解析）

北京市北京四中2020学年高一英语上学期期中试题（含解析）第一部分 听力 （略）第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节语法填空1. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _（have ） a look at the sports stars.2. I didnt mean _（eat）anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help trying it.3. I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.4. Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.5. The boy _is leaning against the door is our monitor.6. Nowadays, swimming_ (consider) to be one of the best all-round forms of exercise.7. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _(reward) with success in the coming exam.8. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _(reach) so far by the two sides.9. Last night, I _(choose) from hundreds of students to attend the opening ceremony.10. My washing machine _(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.【答案】1. to have2. to eat 3. whose4. that 5. who/that6. is considered7. will be rewarded8. has been reached9. chose 10. is being repaired【解析】【分析】考查单句语法填空。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：令人难以置信的是，球迷们在体育馆外面等了三个小时就是为了看一眼体育明星。本句中have做非谓语动词，表目的应用不定式。故填to have。【2题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我本不想吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来太好吃了，我忍不住要尝一尝。固定短语mean to do sth.“打算做某事”，故填to eat。【3题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句为定语从句修饰先行词couple，且先行词在从句中做定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。【4题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：请把你所知道的关于这个职位候选人的所有信息发给我们。本句为定语从句修饰先行词information，且先行词被all修饰只能用关系代词that。故填that。【5题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：靠在门上的那个男孩是我们的班长。本句为定语从句修饰先行词boy，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。【6题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：如今，游泳被认为是最好的全方位运动形式之一。本句中主语swimming与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文nowadays可知应用一般现在时，主语为swimming谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is considered。【7题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：学生们一直在努力学习，他们的努力将在即将到来的考试中获得成功。本句主句efforts与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据下文in the coming exam可知为一般将来时，故填will be rewarded。【8题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：尽管进行了前几轮谈判，双方至今仍未达成协议。结合下文so far可知应用现在完成时，且主语为no agreement故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has been reached。【9题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：昨晚，我从数百名学生中挑选了一名参加开幕式。结合上文Last night可知应用一般过去时，故填chose。【10题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修理，所以我不得不手洗衣服。washing machine和repair之间是被动关系，由this week和句意可知句子时态是现在进行时，此处应填现在进行时的被动语态，结构是am/is/are being done。主语My washing machine是单数，此处be应填is。故填is being repaired。【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)如第三小题，句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句为定语从句修饰先行词couple，且先行词在从句中做定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。第二节 完形填空 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Meow, meow, meow, is what I heard as I walked through the alley（小巷；胡同）. I approached the noise and noticed a tail sticking out from under a piece of wood. Under the wood was a _11_ black and white cat. I picked him up and _12_ he must be freezing to death. I _13_ home with the cat held in my jacket.My new best friend, who soon became known as Little Bit, received his name because he was almost _14_ when I held him in my hands. He stood about five inches tall. Little Bits small size had a great advantage - he _15_ perfectly in the pocket of my jacket, which made _16_ him everywhere very easy. Any time I was home, he wouldnt leave my _17_. He was always eager to play with me. When I fell asleep at night, he would always _18_ up around my head to ensure that I was warm.Unfortunately, I grew up. My teenage life _19_ my relationship with Little Bit. I lived at such a fast pace that I stopped _20_ time for him. My free time was spent with my friends instead. I would come in the house on my phone and not _21_ him at all. His meows became an annoyance to me, but it wasnt his _22_ that he wanted his best friend back.Time had caused a _23_ to Little Bit. His body began _24_ down and by the time I realized something was wrong with him, he had already lost his balance. He lay there and looked at me, and _25_ this day I still remember the _26_ look in his bright green eyes. I took him to the vet (兽医), but there was nothing he could do. The last time I _27_ him he wasnt the same tiny cat I had found ten years before. Little Bit filled my arms and he was put to sleep that day.Little Bits _28_ made me realize how much he meant to me. He was always there for me when I needed him. I _29_ our last years together and I feel sorry for not always being there for him. I will always _30_ the special memories we made.11. A. lovelyB. tinyC. prettyD. friendly12. A. agreedB. insistedC. realizedD. proved13. A. leftB. stayedC. droveD. hurried14. A. weightlessB. uselessC. breathlessD. hopeless15. A. grewB. fittedC. playedD. existed16. A. showingB. keepingC. takingD. guiding17. A. mindB. heartC. bodyD. side18. A. riseB. standC. wakeD. roll19. A. weakenedB. fastenedC. deepenedD. sharpened20. A. makingB. losingC. wastingD. gaining21. A. overlookB. interruptC. acknowledgeD. recognize22. A. desireB. purposeC. faultD. greed23. A. fearB. lossC. delayD. concern24. A. droppingB. tearingC. calmingD. shutting25. A. onB. toC. inD. for26. A. shamefulB. hatefulC. harmfulD. sorrowful27. A. helpedB. protectedC. heldD. cured28. A. illnessB. deathC. sadnessD. pressure29 A. regretB. botherC. confuseD. dream30. A. treasureB. admireC. evaluateD. explore【答案】11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文阅读。文章讲述了我捡了一只小猫，我给它起名叫Little Bit，我们之间建立了很深厚的感情。但是，随着我的长大，我不再愿意花时间在小猫身上。直到有一天，小猫在孤独与悲伤中死去，我才意识到原来Little Bit对我这么重要。【11题详解】考查形容词辨析。根据下文The last time I_17_him he wasnt the same tiny cat I had found ten yearsbefore.提示可知，这只黑白相间的小猫很小。A. lovely可爱的；B. tiny微小的；C. pretty漂亮的；D. friendly友好的，故选B。【12题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我把它拿起来，意识到它一定是快要被冻死了。A. agreed同意；B. insisted坚持；C. realized意识到；D. proved证明，故选C。【13题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我把小猫放到我的夹克里，匆忙带它回到了家。A. left离开；B. stayed停留；C. drove驾驶；D. hurried匆忙，故选D。【14题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：因为它在我手里几乎没什么重量，所以我给它取了这个名字。A. weightless没有重量的；B. useless无用的；C. breathless喘不过气来的；D. hopeless绝望的，故选A。【15题详解】考查动词辨析。根据which made _6_ him everywhere very easy.可知，它完美地适合我夹克里的口袋，这使得我带它到处走非常容易。A. grew成长；B. fitted适合；C. played玩耍；D. existed存在，故选B。【16题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：它完美地适合我夹克里的口袋，这使得我带它到处走非常容易。A. showing展示；B. keeping保持；C. taking带着；D. guiding指导，故选C。【17题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：任何时候我在家，它都不会离开我的旁边。A. mind精神；B. heart心脏；C. body身体；D. side旁边，故选D。【18题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当晚上我睡着时，它就会滚到我的头旁边，确保我是温暖的。A. rise上升；B. stand站立；C. wake醒来；D. roll滚动，故选D。【19题详解】考查动词辨析。根据下文I lived at such a fast pacethat I stopped_10_time for him.可知，我青少年的生活减弱了我和小猫Little Bit的关系。A. weakened减弱；B. fastened栓紧；C. deepened加深；D. sharpened尖锐化，故选A。【20题详解】考查固定用法。上文I lived at such a fast pace说我生活的如此快节奏，由此可知我停止为小猫腾出时间。make time for腾出时间（做某事），这是一个固定用法，故选A。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我打着手机回到房子里，一点也不承认它的存在。A. overlook忽略；B. interrupt打断；C. acknowledge承认；D. recognize承认，故选C。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：它的“喵喵声”对我来说成了一种烦恼，但是它想让它最好的朋友回来，这并不是它的错误。A. desire渴望；B. purpose目的；C. fault错误；D. greed贪婪，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：时间对Little Bit造成了损耗。A. fear害怕；B. loss损耗；C. delay延期；D. concern关心，故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。根据he had already lost his balance.可推知，它的身体已经停工。A. dropping down落下；B. tearing down拆卸；C. calming down平静下来；D. shutting down停工，故选D。【25题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：直到今天，我依然记得它翠绿色眼睛中悲伤的神情。A. on在上；B. to到；C. in在里；D. for为了，故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：直到今天，我依然记得它翠绿色眼睛中悲伤的神情。A. shameful可耻的；B. hateful可恨的；C. harmful有害的；D. sorrowful悲伤的，根据常识和文意可知，应该是悲伤的神情，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。上文内容I_3_home with the cat held in my jacket.有线索held，可知这里意思是最后一次我握着它，它已经不是十年以前我发现的那只小猫了。A. helped帮助；B. protected保护；C. held握住；D. cured治愈，故选C。28题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：Little Bit的死亡让我意识到它对我有多重要。A. illness疾病；B. death死亡；C. sadness悲伤；D. pressure压力，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我后悔我们最后在一起的时光。A. regret后悔；B. bother打扰；C. confuse混乱；D. dream梦想，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我将永远珍惜我们一起制造的特殊记忆。A. treasure珍惜；B. admire钦佩；C. evaluate评估；D. explore探索，故选A。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理出最佳选项。同学们要遵循上下求索的原则来查找信息。例如小题1，下文The last time I_17_him he wasnt the same tiny cat I had found ten yearsbefore.中找到线索“tiny”，可知，这只黑白相间的小猫很小。A. lovely可爱的；B. tiny微小的；C. pretty漂亮的；D. friendly友好的，故选B。小题14根据he had already lost his balance.可知它的身体已经失去了平衡，由此推知它的身体已经停工。A. dropping down落下；B. tearing down拆卸；C. calming down平静下来；D. shutting down停工，故选D。第三部分：阅读理解 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, B,C, D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A PowerisersThe ability to jump two meters in the air may not be something you have thought too much about. And most people have never considered running at 30 kilometers an hour. But just stop for a moment and think about how our new product could change your life.Your daily journey to your place of work is probably a mad dash for the bus. There is no point in taking your car because there are traffic jams, and anyway the car parks are probably very expensive or, worse still, full. Here is where Powerisers can help. It takes just a couple of minutes to put them on and then you are away, going past others or even jumping over the object which blocks your way.That is the practical use for our product, but then there is sport and exercise. Powerisers are set to be the next extreme sport and the deep-fit tools. You can imagine the 100 meters, the high jump or basketball performed by athletes wearing Powerisers. And what better way to build your muscles and keep fit?Our product is very simple. It is powered by a superlight spring, which uses the gravitational(重力的) pull from your body weight and pushes you with superhuman strength. There have been no records of serious injury related to the use of Powerisers, but extreme caution is recommended. We strongly advise the wearing of protective clothing, including at least a helmet(头盔).Powerisers make you feel as if you were walking on the moon. Now we make two different models: Basic and Professional. The Basic model is designed for the occasional users and costs around $ 500. The Professional model, which is designed for the competitive use, has a strongly-made structure and different springs, though that comes at the increased price of $800. Our Powerisers are guaranteed for two years and will be replaced without question if they fail during that period. That is how confident we are.31. According to the passage, Powerisers can help you _.A. get on the busB. jump over blocksC. relax hard musclesD. lift heavy weights32. A helmet is recommended to users to _.A. prevent them from being injuredB. provide them with superhuman strengthC. Offer them the feeling of walking on the moonD. Bring them good results in competitive situations33. What is the authors purpose of writing the passage?A. To advertise a sports product.B. To show advantages of taking exerciseC. To explain basic principles of PowerisersD. To introduce the development of Powerisers【答案】31. B 32. A 33. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款产品Powerisers的功能、用途、使用注意事项以及价格等。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句It takes just a couple of minutes to put them on and then you are away, going past others or even jumping over the object which blocks your way.（你只需要几分钟就能穿上它们，然后你就会离开，越过其他人，甚至跳过阻挡你的东西。）可知Powerisers可以帮助你跳过障碍物。故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句We strongly advise the wearing of protective clothing, including at least a helmet.（我们强烈建议穿戴防护服，其中至少要佩戴头盔。）可知建议使用者戴上安全帽，是为了以免受伤。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了Powerisers的功能、用途，使用注意事项以及价格等。由此可知，作者的意图是为了给产品打广告。故选A。【点睛】写作意图推理判断题。作者一般不直接表明自己意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实和理论依据，客观地使读者信服某种想法和观点。这种题型要求我们不仅要理解文章的内容，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的写作手法进行归纳、总结和分析的能力。推测作者的写作意图时，不同体裁的文章有不同的写作目的。故事类记叙文的写作目的通常是娱乐读者（to entertain）；广告类应用文的写作目的是推销产品或服务人们（to persuade）；议论文的写作目的是阐述论点（to argue）；科普文化类说明文的写作目的是介绍知识，帮助大家广闻博见（to inform）。如第三小题，文章主要介绍了Powerisers的功能、用途，使用注意事项以及价格等。由此可知，作者的意图是为了给产品打广告。故选A。BMy teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked, “Who broke this window?”Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done, but also what our teacher may have found out. She seldom became angry, but she was this time.“Oh,”I thought. I was the one who broke the window. It was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball. If I admitted guilt, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didnt even get an allowance. “My father is going to have a fit.”I thought. I didnt want to raise my hand, but some force much stronger than I was pulled it skyward. I told the truth. “I did it.”It was hard enough to say what I had.My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher to strike a student, but I feared she was going to start with me.“I know how you like bird,”she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden face. “Here is that field guide about birds that you are constantly checking out. It is yours now. Its time we got a new one for the school anyway. You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed, I am rewarding you for your truthfulness.”I couldnt believe it! I wasnt being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide-the very one that I had been saving up money to buy.All that remains of that day is my memory and the lesson my teacher taught me. That lesson stays with me every day, and it will echo forever.34. From the story, we can learn that the boy _.A. didnt break the window on purposeB. lacked the strength to admit his guiltC. tried to think about what he had doneD. didnt know what the teacher would find out35. If the boy admitted guilt, he thought he would NOT _.A. be punished by the teacherB. make his father angryC. pay for the broken windowD. get a bird field guide36. Which of the following best describes the changes in the boys feelings?A. Afraid-Surprised-ThankfulB. Frightened-Amazed-ProudC. Regretful-Guilty-ExcitedD. Nervous-Afraid-Satisfied37. What is the lesson the boys teacher taught him?A. Every coin has two sidesB. Honesty is always valuedC. Bad luck never comes aloneD. Its never too late to be careful【答案】34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。一个男孩无意打破了窗户，本以为闯了祸会受到老师的惩罚，结果因为诚实承认过错，老师奖励了他最想要的观鸟指南的故事。老师教会了男孩要永远诚实。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Oh,”I thought. I was the one who broke the window. It was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball. If I admitted guilt, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that?（“哦,”我想。是我打破了窗户。这是由于淘气扔出了一个棒球造成的。如果我承认有罪，我就会有很多麻烦。我怎么能买得起那样大的窗户呢?）以及第五段第一句“I know how you like bird,”she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden face.（“我知道你有多喜欢小鸟，”她站在那里看着我那充满内疚的脸说。）从男孩内心的想法以及愧疚的表情，可推知那个男孩并不是故意打破窗户的。故选A。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中If I admitted guilt, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didnt even get an allowance. “My father is going to have a fit.”I thought.（如果我承认了过错，我就会有很多麻烦。我怎么能买得起那样大的窗户呢?我甚至连零用钱都没有。“我父亲要大发脾气。“我想。）以及第四段My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher to strike a student, but I feared she was going to start with me.（我的老师从图书馆的书架上取下了一本书，我从来不知道老师会打学生，但我担心她会先打我。）可知如果男孩承认了过错，他想自己可能会赔偿打破的窗户、让父亲生气以及被老师惩罚，但是他没有想过会得到一本观鸟指南。故D选项不是男孩的想法。故选D。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第三、四段男孩内心的想法，担心自己承认了过错会被要求赔偿打破的窗户、惹父亲生气和被老师惩罚可知，男孩一开始内心很害怕担心；根据倒数第二段I couldnt believe it! I wasnt being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide-the very one that I had been saving up money to buy.（我简直不敢相信!我没有受到惩罚，我有了自己的观鸟指南就是我一直攒钱想买的那本。）可知男孩得知老师将观鸟指南送给了自己后，男孩感到非常惊讶，不敢相信；到最后一段All that remains of that day is my memory and the lesson my teacher taught me. That lesson stays with me every day, and it will echo forever.（那天留给的只有我的记忆和老师给我的教训。这个教训每天都伴随着我，而且将永远回响。）可知男孩最后非常感谢老师的这种教育方式，终身受益，可知男孩的内心对老师是感谢的。故害怕惊讶感恩最能描述男孩的感情变化。故选A。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed, I am rewarding you for your truthfulness.（只要你记住我奖励你不是因为你做了坏事，而是因为你诚实，你就不会受到惩罚。）可知那个男孩的老师教了他要保持诚实。故选B。CThe next time you attend a social function or go to a place where people meet and interact, take note of the number of people who have adopted the same gestures and posture-the way you sit or stand-of the person with whom they are talking. This “carbon copying” is a means by which one person tells the other that he is in agreement with his ideas and attitudes. By this method, one is non-verbally (非语言的) saying to the other, “As you can see, I think the same as you, so I will copy your posture and gesture.”This unconscious (无意识地) mimicry is quite interesting to observe. Take, for example, the two men standing at the hotel bar. They have mirrored each others gestures and it is reasonable to assume that they are discussing a topic upon which they have the same thoughts and feelings. If one man uncrosses his arms and legs or stands on the other foot, the other will follow. If one puts his hand in his pocket the other will copy and this mimicry will continue for as long as the two men are in agreement.This copying also occurs among good friends or people of the same social position and it is common to see married couples walk, stand, sit and move in very similar ways. People who are strangers, however, try hard to avoid holding mutual(相互的) positions. The significance of carbon copying can be one of the most important non-verbal lessons we can learn, for this is one way that others tell us that they agree with us or like us. It is also a way for us to tell others that we like them, by simply copying their gestures.If an employer wishes to develop immediate friendliness and create a relaxing atmosphere with an employee, he needs to copy the employees posture to achieve