高一英语期末复习 （一）人教实验版

高一英语期末复习高一英语期末复习 （一）（一）人教实验版人教实验版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 期末复习（一） 1. 构词法：合成法 2. 语法复习：名词性从句 二、重、难点讲解 构词法：合成法 合成形容词一定要有连字符， 其中名词不可用复数。 a 2000-word-report 一份两千字的报告 an 800-metre-long bridge 一座八百米长的桥 翻译：一个五岁的男孩 合成名词变复数 1）通常将里面所包含的主体名词变为复数。 looker(s)-on 旁观者 son(s)-in-law 女婿 2）没有主体的名词变为复数。 go-between(s) 中间人 draw-back(s) 缺陷 3）如果前面一个起修饰作用的名词是 man 或 woman 时，则这个合成词的前后两 个名词均要变成复数。 a man servantmen-servants 男仆人 a woman managerwomen-managers 女经理 复习：名词性从句 1. 在复合句中发挥名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。 What he wants is a book. I think that he is honest. My worry is whether they will arrive on time. We were very excited at the news that our team had won. 2. 名词性从句的考查重点 名词性从句的语序：陈述语序 连接词的考查 连接词 从句类型 陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句 宾语从句 That if / whether 特殊疑问词 句式 主语从句 Thatwhether 特殊疑问词陈述句 表语从句 Thatwhether 特殊疑问词陈述句 同位语从 句 Thatwhether 特殊疑问词陈述句 （1）that 和 what 的选用 that 和 what 都可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。 what 通常不引导同位语从句，而 that 则可以。 what 除了起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，做从句中的主语、宾语或 表语。 that 在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。引导宾语从句时可以省略。 e.g. What you have done might do harm to others. That light travels in straight lines is known to all. The result is that we won the game. This is what we are looking for. The trouble is that what they say doesnt agree with what they do. Lets know what is happening there. The news that China succeeded in sending up a manned spaceship was exciting. (2) if 和 whether 的选用 引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及介词后的宾语从句，不能用 if, 只能 用 whether. 引导动词后的宾语从句，可用 if 或者 whether。 e.g. I asked her if / whether she had a bike. Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. Were worried about whether he is safe. The question is whether he should do it. The doctor can hardly answer the question whether the old man can survive a major operation. I dont know whether or not he is well. / I dont know whether / if he is well or not. (3) 其他连接代词和副词的选用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确的选择 who, which, when, where, why, how 等连接词。这些连接词既有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在句中充当各种成 分。 e.g. When we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. I dont know who broke the glass yesterday. Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference. I have no idea what he looks like. This is where I left my glasses. (4) whatever / whoever 的功用。 可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 这种用法中，whatever, whoever 在从句中通常不含疑问意义。 whatever = anything that ; whoever = anyone who 注意和 whatever, whoever 引导的让步状语从句的区别。 e.g. Whoever breaks the law should be punished. Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. We will do whatever we can to help the poor children. I will give the dictionary to whoever needs it. 宾语从句的时态呼应 (1) 如果主句是祈使句或主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据 句意的需要而用任何一种时态. e.g. He believes that his dream will come true some day. Please tell me what you think of the project. (2) 如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态. 但是,如果 宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等, 从句谓语通常用一般现在时. e.g. He told me that he was preparing for the examination. He said that he had been away from his hometown for ten years. He asked me where I lived. The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 同位语从句的引导词和辨别 (1) 同位语从句的引导词 能接同位语从句的名词有: fact, idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice, reply, answer, saying 等. that 常用来引导同位语从句, whether, when, where 等也可引导同位语从句. e.g. He gave us many suggestion that we (should) get up earlier and take more exercise. The news that Beijing won the bid to hold the 2020 Olympic Games greatly encouraged us. I have no idea where he comes from. He cant answer the question how he got the money. (2) 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 e.g. We expressed the hope (that ) they had expressed (定语从句) We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. (同位语从句) It 作形式主语的主语从句常见句型 (1) It + be + 形容词 + that 从句 It is clear that they badly need help. It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon. It is necessary that you (should) master the computer. It is important that a student learn English well. (2) It + be + 名词词组 + that 从句 (a fact, a good idea, a pity, no wonder, good news) Its a pity that you missed the film. Tom has a bad cold. It is no wonder that he looks pale. (3) It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句 (said, reported, believed, expected, well-known) It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. It is reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. (4) It + seems / happens / appears / doesnt matter + that 从句 It happened that was out that day. It seems that Brown is not coming to the party at all. 宾语从句中的语气 (1) 主句的谓语是表示命令、建议、要求等词时，从句用虚拟语气。 （should + V 原型） 这类动词有：一坚持 insist； 二命令 order, demand；三建议 suggest, propose, advise； 四要求 ask, require, request, demand e.g. Her mother insisted that she (should) take a one-week rest before going back to work. Our teacher suggested that we go there on foot. (2) wish 和 would rather 后的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气 I wish I were a millionaire. I would rather you went there tomorrow. 【模拟试题】 一. 单项选择 1. He asked _ for the violin. A. did I pay how much B. I pay how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 3. Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 4. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons A. What , why B. That , what C. What , because D. Why , that 5. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster _he had done the day before. A. that B how C. where D. what 6. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B Who C. That D Whether 7. _ the 2020 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. That B. If C. Whether D. Whenever 8. What the doctor really doubts is _my mother will recover from serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why 9. _ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match. A. There, that B. It , that C. There , whether D. It , whether 10. These wild flowers are so special I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 11. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 12. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 13. I remember _ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D. what 14. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it . A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 15. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 16. They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 17. No one can be sure _ in a million years. A what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 18. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it . A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel 19. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party. A. left, had arrived B. left, arrived C. had left, had arrived D. had left , arrived 20. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon. A. leaves B. would leave C. left D. had left 21. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 22. I think its going to be a big problem. Yes, it could be . I wonder _ we can do about it . A. if B. how C. what D. that 23. There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 24. Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well . A. what B. that C. which D. why 25. _ be sent to work there ? A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should 26. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 27. Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late . A. any, who B. every , whoever C. whichever , whoever D. either, whoever 28. People have heard what the President had said; they are waiting to see _he will do. A. how B. what C. when D. that 29. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _road conditions need _. A. that , to be improved B. which , to be improved C. where , improving D. when, improving 30. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C what D. how 二. 阅读理解 At five he was collecting old newspapers to make money. And when he was 15 he singed his schoolmates up to start a baby-sitting circle. Now 20, third-year Cambridge University student, Peter Blackburn is managing director of a company with a (30,000) plan. And he thinks it will make more than $15,000 by next summer. He set up Peter Blackburn Ltd last year to bring out a new, colour term-planner that now students all over the UK are using. “I felt that most of the planners going around were pretty unimaginative,” he says, “I believed that I could do a better job and decided to have a go”. Blackburn admits that he is putting far more effort into business than his computer studies course at university. While fellow students are out with their friends, he keeps in touch with his business office in Lancashire by movable phone. Before he set up the company he spent one holiday preparing a plan that would persuade his band to lend him money. “Most students work hard for a good degree because they believe that will help them get a job to support themselves,” he says “I work hard at my company, because that is what will support me next year, after I leave college.” Friends believe that Blackburn will make 1 million within 5 years. He is not quite so sure, however. “Theres a lot to be done yet,” he says. 1. Choose the right order of the facts given in the passage. a. He spent his holiday preparing a plan. b. He collected newspapers. c. He set up his own company. d. He asked the bank for money. e. He set up a baby-sitting circle. A. e, b, c