2020届高考英语第一轮闯关复习题4（详解）

闯关式训练板块基础过关.词语运用用所给词或短语的适当形式填空。concentrate onacknowledgepossessapprove ofbeneficialstraight awayhold backin advancecatch outfeed up1. I phoned my mum _ after the news.2. I decided to _ all my efforts _ finding somewhere to live.3. He refused to _ his defeat.4. Im afraid he doesnt _ a sense of humor.5. My father didnt _ buying that apartment.6. A good diet is _to health.7. After the heavy work, Tom felt extremely_ .8. The police were unable to _ the crowd. 9. We should plan our study _ before the new semester begins.10. If you havent prepared for the interview, the tricky questions will _ you_ .答案：1.straight away2.concentrate,on 3.acknowledge4.possess5.approve of6.beneficial7.fed up8.hold back 9.in advance10.catch, out.单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。11. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.A. until B. whenC. beforeD. as答案:C解析:句意为“他犯了个错误，但是很快地趁着情形还没恶化，他就做出了修正”。这里的before可译为“趁”。12. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester.A. thatB. untilC. sinceD. before答案:D解析:句意为“没等我们到达Winchester小镇天就黑了”。13.Dont you believe me?_ , Ill believe _ you say.A. No; whateverB. Yes; no matter whatC. No; no matter whatD. Yes; whatever答案:D解析:whatever引导宾语从句；no matter what只能用于让步状语从句。14. My wife wants a Mexican carpet, but she cant afford to buy_ .A. one B. it C. them D. the one答案:A解析:one相当于a Mexican carpet。15. _ was it _ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?Totally by chance.A. How; thatB. What; thatC. When; whenD. Where; that答案:A解析:此句为强调句的特殊疑问句形式；被强调的是方式；若不用强调句则为：They discovered the entrance to the underground palace totally by chance.16. Young as she is, Jane has gained _ rich experience in _ society.A. /; /B. the; theC. a; /D. /; the答案:A解析:experience表“经验”时不可数，不可数名词前常不加冠词；in society在社会中（常不加冠词）。17. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who_ him, but failed. A. has heldB. had heldC. was holdingD. would hold答案:C解析:此句亦可理解为：The policeman was holding the thief when the thief tried to break away from him, but the thief failed.18. He _ the test again; in that case, his mother will be very disappointed. A. might failB. must have failed C. should failD. could have failed答案:A解析:从“his mother will be very disappointed.”可以看出他暂时还没考试不及格，而是将来的一种可能。所以A项最佳。19. As there was no spare bedroom, Susan had to_ her friend for a night in the sitting-room.A. set upB. fix upC. take upD. pick up答案:B解析:fix sb. up: arrange for sb. to have sth.; provide sb. with sth.20. Do you like to watch the advertisements on TV if _?A. soB. noC. anyD. some答案:C解析:if any是if (there are) any (advertisements)的省略。21. Only in this method,_ it well.A. we can fixB. we could fixC. had we fixedD. can we fix答案:D解析:only+状语置于句首时，常用部分否定；C项时态不对。22. All the passengers object to transferring to the next flight _ they _ a proper explanation.A. though; will giveB. unless; are givenC. if; have givenD. so long as; get答案:B解析:“如果得不到一个合理的解释，乘客拒绝换机”。此句中“unless”可换成“if.not.”。23. Several children are playing in the playground, three of them_ , who are from Cambodia. A. are boysB. are girlsC. as boysD. boys答案:D解析:由此句的结构看，横线处不能填谓语形式；此句中的“three of them boys”相当于插入语。24. Life in that poor town is _ a bed of roses.A. by farB. above allC. far fromD. all the same答案:C解析:far from“远远不；绝对不”；a bed of roses: pleasant carefree living “快乐人生；优哉游哉的生活”。如：Life isnt a bed of roses.人生并非事事称心如意。25. _ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.A. ImprovingB. To improveC. ImproveD. Having improved答案:B解析:动词不定式作目的状语。26.Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?It was in the hall _ the students often have a meeting.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. when答案:A解析:此题易误选C。若选C，“It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting.”就等于“The students often have a meeting in the hall.”很显然不符合此题语境的要求（此题要求回答的是where）；“It was in the hall where the students often have a meeting.”中“where the students often have a meeting”为定语从句，所以此句的核心为“in the hall”。27. The teacher came to the classroom and demanded _ what had happened. A. his students to tell himB. being told C. telling himD. to be told答案:D解析:demand的用法：（1）demand+名词+（from/of）；（2）demand +to do；（3）demand+ that.（宾语从句中常用should加动词原形表虚拟，should可省略）；（4）demand+名词。此题中D项为第二种用法。28. It is your own fault _ you are so tired. You oughtnt to have stayed up so late.A. when B. how C. where D. why答案:D解析:此题可理解为主语从句，it在句中作形式主语。29.Thank you so much for helping me with my English._.A. With pleasure B. A pleasure C. Im glad to hear that D. No thanks答案:B解析:A pleasure. =It is a pleasure. =It is my pleasure.=My pleasure .不用谢。30. Beijing,_ for hosting the 2020;2020 Olympic Games_ its first loop (圈) of green belt around the downtown, _an area of 102.3 square kilometers, in the past three years.A. prepared; built; coveredB. preparing; built; and coveredC. which prepares; building; coversD. preparing; built; covering答案:D解析:此句的主干为“Beijing built its first loop of green belt around the downtown.”；“preparing for hosting the 2020;2020 Olympic Games”作状语；“covering an area of 102.3 square kilometers”在句中作定语，相当于“which covers an area of 102.3 square kilometers”。.单句改错31. Every time when he climbed the stairs, he would sing this song happily.32. Why didnt you tell me the news in advantage?33. They will ask you some questions to see if your skills suit the position.34. From this point forward, your future will depend on your own performance.35. After the manager retires, you should make the responsibility.36. Make sure the information on your application form is easy to be read. 37. She donated a large sum of money and was awarded a big round of applause.38. What great success it is to have so many famous actors and actresses to perform on the same stage!39. They will remain part of international youth culture for many years coming.40. That experience is of great beneficial to me.答案：31.去掉when32.advantageadvance33.suitfit34.forwardon35.maketake36.去掉be37.awardedrewarded38.What后加a39.Comingto come40.beneficialbenefit综合提升.完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Science is important to most people living in the modern world for a lot of reasons.41science is important to world understanding, to the understanding of technology,and to our 42of the natural world. Science is also an interesting area of study for 43 reasons. Some areas of science are so interesting 44they deal with questions all men and women ask 45.Scientists try to provide some explanations by what 46people.Science is important to world peace in many ways.47the one hand, scientists have 48to develop 49of the modern tools of war. On 50hand, they have also helped to keep the peace 51study and research which has improved life for people 52.In our times, scientists have been able to help us understand the problem of supplying the world53enough energy. They have begun to develop a lot of solutions to the energy problem,54,using energy from the sun and from the atom. Scientists have also analyzed the worlds resources. We are going to have to learn to 55the resources we have, and we can begin to do this with the knowledge provided to us 56science.Science is also important to 57who is affected by modern technology. Some people 58whether all these changes are good. 59is true that technology affects all of us. And, if the present patterns continue, technology will affect us 60in the future than it does now.41. A. In returnB. In particularC. After allD. At least42. A. understandingB. talkingC. hearingD. watching43. A. a great dealB. great manyC. the number ofD. a number of 44. A. evenB. even though C. becauseD. whenever45. A. usB. themC. ourselvesD. themselves46. A. take placeB. meets withC. happens toD. takes the place of47. A. OnB. InC. ByD. To48. A. cameB. walkedC. heldD. helped49. A. manyB. muchC. fewD. little50. A. otherB. the otherC. anotherD. the others51. A. throughB. acrossC. toD. for52. A. somewhereB. anywhere C. everywhereD. anyplace53. A. withB. withoutC. forD. onto54. A. such thatB. that is to sayC. such as forD. for example55. A. leaveB. makeC. getD. share 56. A. toB. withC. byD. or 57. A. everyoneB. someoneC. no oneD. any one 58. A. would askB. would answerC. could replyD. should ask for59. A. ThisB. ThatC. It D. What 60. A. more evenB. even moreC. less thanD. even less参考答案：41.答案:B解析:列出a lot of reasons中的特别理由。42.答案:A解析:与上文一致，从结构上可知。43.答案:D解析:A项修饰不可数名词；B项应加冠词a; C项表示“的数目”。44.答案:C解析:解释so interesting的原因。45.答案:D解析:all men and women的反身代词作宾语。46.答案:C解析:从句意上判断，此处为“对人们所发生的事进行解释”。47.答案:A解析:on the one hand为固定短语。48.答案:D解析:此处为“帮助，促进”之意，从下文have also helped可知。49.答案:A解析:代替可数名词只能用many或few,而few与下文意义相矛盾。50.答案:B解析:on the other hand为固定短语，与on the one hand相呼应。51.答案:A解析:through表示“通过”之意。52.答案:C解析:应为“所有地方”才符合文意；此处为肯定句，排除B、D两项。53.答案:A解析:supply.with是固定结构。54.答案:D解析:举例说明。55.答案:C解析:此处为“我们得获取我们所拥有的资源”之意。56.答案:C解析:by表示“通过”之意。57.答案:A解析:对每个人都一样重要。58.答案:A解析:此处为“可能会问”之意；其余几项意义不对。59.答案:C解析:it作形式主语。60.答案:B解析:even需放在比较级前，从上下文意义上看将来的影响更大，故选B。.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。There are thousands of products of all colors and shapes in a supermarket, making you believe that they are worth a try. How? Packaging（包装） is the silent but persuading salesman.There on the shelves, each bottle, can, box and jar has been carefully designed and measured to speak to the inner self of the consumer(消费者),so that he is buying not only a product but also his belief in life. Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found that the look of the package has a great effect on the “quality” of the product and on how well it sells, because “Consumers generally cannot tell between a product and a package. Many products are packages and many packages are products,” as Kouis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers feeling for packaging, noticed.Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human attention quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word “green” today can keep food prices going up.Shapes are another attraction. Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are pleasing to both the eye and the heart. Thats why the round yellow M signs of McDonalds are inviting to both young and old. This new consumer response to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people buy to satisfy both body and soul.61. According to the passage, _ seems to be able to persuade a consumer to buy the product.A. the pleasing color of the packageB. the special taste of the productC. the strange shape of the packageD. the belief in the product62. If a package or a product is round in shape, it can_ .A. bring excitement to the consumersB. attract the consumers attentionC. catch the eye movement of the consumersD. produce a happy and peaceful feeling63. “And the word green today can keep food prices going up.” This sentence suggests that consumers today are _.A. starting to notice the importance of new foodB. enjoying the beauty of nature more than beforeC. beginning to like green vegetablesD. paying more attention to their health64. It can be inferred from the passage that V8 is a kind of_ .A. vegetable dishB. healthy juiceC. iced drinkD. red vegetable参考答案：文章大意：商品包装的重要性：商品包装直接影响该商品的销售及消费者对该商品的印象。61.答案:A解析:由第三段可得A项。62.答案:D解析:由第四段中“Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are pleasing to both the eye and the heart.”可得D项。63.答案:D解析:绿色食品有利于身体健康。64.答案:B解析:由第三段中“Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body.”可得B项。.书面表达假设你是北京某中学的一名