【顶尖学案】2020届高考英语 BookⅠ Unit 2 English around the world大纲人教版

2020届高考英语顶尖学案：大纲版Unit 2English around the world英语遍及全世界核心词汇1He told us that his dream is to become a teacher with a _(广博的)knowledge of many subjects.2He_(复述)several times that he was busy.3With the help of_(国际的)exchange programme，more and more teenagers go abroad for studies.4For the_(大多数)of Chinese people in big cities，boys and girls should receive the same education.5He is good at playing basketball；no one in his class can_(比得上)him.6We_(交换)our opinions about the event at the meeting.7“Haier” is a good brand in China because of its excellent quality and_(服务)8Once a child reaches the age of 18，he should be encouraged to live_(独立地)9As is known to us，the telephone is a good means of_.That is to say，we can_with others by telephone.(communicate)10用pronounce的适当形式填空：(1)He _the country to be in a state of war.(2)We all thought that Marys_was the municationcommunicate10.(1)pronounced (2)pronunciation高频短语1_别客气2_ 总共3_ 除了之外4_ 精通，熟悉5_ 不睡；熬夜6_ 发生7_ 以告终8_ 引进，引来9_ 许许多多；极多10_ 与交流11_ 或多或少12_ 做某事有(没有)困难1.make oneself at home2.in total3.except for4.(have) a good knowledge of5.stay e about,7.end up with8.bring in9.a great municate with11.more or less12.have (no) difficulty/trouble in doing sth.重点句式1_Joe cant find in the bathroom?乔在浴室中找不到的东西是什么？2_in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.有这么多的人每天用英语交流，精通英语将会变得越来越重要。3For a long time the language inAmerica_，_the language in England changed.很长一段时间美国语言没变化，然而英国语言变化了。4However，most of the time people from the two countries do not_each other.然而，在大部分情况下这两个国家的人们彼此听懂对方的语言没有困难。1.What is it that2.With so many people communicating,3.stayed the same；while4.have any difficulty in understanding知识详解1majorityn大多数，大半【教材原句】(P10)There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.有42个以上的国家中的大多数人说英语。The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。(牛津P1220)The majority was/were in favour of banning smoking.大多数人支持禁烟。(牛津P1220)In the nursing profession，women are in a/the majority.女性在护理行业中占大多数。(牛津P1220)She was elected by a majority of 749.她以749票中的多数票当选。思维拓展The majority of students find it quite hard to learn German.大多数学生认为学德语很难。即境活用1What are the boys favourite sports?_of them are crazy about football and basketball.ANoneBThe majorityCEvery DThe most解析：选B。the majority of后面的名词前面可用限定词，也可不用限定词。D项应改为most of them或most boys。句意：“男孩最喜欢的运动是什么？”“大部分男孩喜欢踢足球和打篮球。”2完成句子我们居住的国家，妇女占大多数。We live in a country where women _.答案：are in the majority2equaladj.相等的，胜任的vt.比得上，胜任n(地位等)同等的人或事物【教材原句】(P4)An equal number of people learn English as a second language.有同等数量的人把英语作为第二语言学习。(1)adj.相等的，同等的；平等的，胜任的be equal to等于，与相同；胜任be equal to (doing) sth.胜任做某事equal pay for equal work同工同酬It is equal to me whether he will come to my wedding or not.他来不来参加我的婚礼对我来说都一样。It is reasonable to demand equal pay for equal work.要求同工同酬是合理的。He does not seem (to be) equal to meeting our demands.Thats to say，he wont be equal to doing the work.他似乎不太合乎我们的要求。也就是说，他可能不会胜任做那项工作。Boys and girls are equal，and thus they should be treated fairly.男孩女孩是平等的，因此应公平的对待他们。(2)n.同等的人或事物(牛津P672)She treats the people who work for her as her equals.她以同等的身份对待为她工作的人。(3)v.等于，与相匹敌None of us can equal her，either in beauty or as a dancer.不论是容貌还是舞艺，我们都比不上她。即境活用3(2020年高考大纲全国卷)The island is_attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.Apartly BmerelyCnearly Dequally解析：选D。句意：此岛屿春秋两季气候宜人，因此，这两个季节(对游客来说)同样有吸引力。本题考查副词用法。partly部分地；merely只是，仅仅；nearly几乎，差不多；equally同样地，平等地，根据题意选D项。3comparevt.比较，对照；比喻，比作vi.相比，匹敌【教材原句】(P14)Write a short passage in which you compare American and British English or dialects in Chinese.用汉语写一篇短文，比较一下美国英语和英国英语的异同。(1)compare.to.把比作We often compare children to flowers of our country.我们常常把孩子比作祖国的花朵。(2)compare.with.把和相比When compared with the size of the whole earth，the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.和整个地球相比，最大的海洋也不显得大了。Dont compare yourself with the models and actors in the media.不要拿自己与媒体上的模特和演员相比。(3)compare with.匹敌，可与相比Living in a town cant compare with living in the country in many respects.在许多方面城市生活比不上乡村生活。思维拓展(1)compared with/to用作非谓语作状语时，表示“与比较”，只能用过去分词形式而不能用现在分词形式。(2)compare notes交换意见Compared toCompared with/to many women，she was indeed very fortunate.和许多妇女比起来，她的确很幸运。We met after the exam to compare notes on how well we had done.考试后我们聚在一起，谈了各自的考试情况。【高效记忆】即境活用4.(2020年高考重庆卷)Michaels new house is like a huge palace，_with his old one.AcomparingBcomparesCto compare Dcompared解析：选D。句意：米歇尔的新房子和老房子比起来简直像一个大宫殿。由句意知，拿新房子来和老房子作比较；故应用被动形式，此处为过去分词作状语。5.When_different cultures，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.Acompared Bbeing comparedCcomparing Dhaving compared解析：选C。现在分词的逻辑主语we和compare之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式，相当于：When we compare different cultures，we.句意：当我们比较不同文化时，我们经常只注意文化的差异，而忽视了文化的很多相似之处。4replacevt.放回，置于原处；代替，取代【教材原句】(P14)Replace difficult words with simple ones.用简单词汇替换难词。(1)代替，取代(牛津P1688)It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks.不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。John is ill and I want to know who is going to replace him.约翰病了，我想知道谁要替代他。(2)放回，置于原处You have to replace the books on the shelves before you leave.你离开之前必须把书放回书架上。He replaced the receiver and hurried out of the room.他放下电话听筒，急忙走出了房间。比较网站in place of，instead of，take the place of，replace(1)take the place ofreplace取代，代替(2)in place of取代，代替(介词短语)(3)instead of代替，而不是(介词短语)即境活用6用in place of，take the place of，replace，instead of填空。(1)就我个人而言，课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。As far as Im concerned，_by computers in class.答案：teachers will never be replaced(2)我们的班长生病了，因此老师让我替代他。Our monitor is ill today，so my teacher asked me to_him.答案：replace/take the place of(3)他是乘汽车来的而不是乘火车。He came here by bus_by train.答案：instead of(4)他不适合这项工作，我们另雇了个人代替他。He is not fit for the job.Weve hired a new one _him.答案：in place of5exchange【教材原句】(P11)The activity of buying，selling or exchanging goods or services.买卖交换商品或服务的活动。(1)vt.& vi.交换，交流，兑换exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物exchange A for B把A换成Bexchange gifts/ideas/views交换礼物/意见/观点【高效记忆】(牛津P691)I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。Id rather exchange seats with my deskmate.我想和同桌交换一下座位。Id like to exchange some pounds for dollars.我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。We freely exchange opinions and ideas around here，regardless of rank relationship.我们在这里可以自由地交换观点和想法，没必要考虑上下级关系。(2)n.交流，交换have/make an exchange of交换in exchange for交换He gave me some stamps in exchange for three old coins.他给我一些邮票，换三枚古币。即境活用7I have offered to paint the house_a weeks accommodation.Ain exchange for Bwith regard toCby means of Din place of解析：选A。句意：我主动要求粉刷这座房子，作为交换，在这里住宿一周。in exchange for交换；with regard to关于，至于；by means of借助手段；in place of代替，顶替。8完成句子在会上，我们将有机会交流英语学习经验。Well have an opportunity to_in learning English at the meeting.答案：exchange our experience6come about发生，产生，造成(常用于疑问句或否定句)【教材原句】(P12)How did these differences come about?这些不同是怎么产生的呢？Its already 10 oclock.I wonder how it came about that she was two hours late on such a short trip.已经10点钟了。我想知道在这么短的路程里她迟到两小时是怎么回事。How did it come about that humans speak so many different languages?人类会说这么多种不同的语言，这种情况是如何产生的呢？比较网站come about，happen，take place，break out(1)come about发生，产生，指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由。经常与how连用。(2)happen发生，常用词汇，指偶然的，意外的，具体客观事物的发生或出现，尤其指自发的未能预见的事情发生。(3)take place发生，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非偶然的，进而引申为按计划“进行，举行”。(4)break out指战争、火灾、疾病等的突然发生，爆发。即境活用9用come about，break out，take place，happen填空。(1)幸亏地震没有发生在市中心。Luckily，the earthquake didnt _in the center of the city.答案：happen(2)火灾发生时我正在睡觉，然后火迅速蔓延。I was still sleeping when the fire_，and then it spread quickly.答案：broke out(3)2020年奥运会如期在北京举行，结果非常成功。The 2020 Olympic Games _in Beijing as planned and turned out to be a great success.答案：took place(4)他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？How did it _that he knew where we were?答案：come about7a great many许多【教材原句】(P14)There are a great many American Indian words，for example“to howl”means“to cry”有大量的美国印第安词汇，例如，“to howl”意为“to cry”。(牛津P1230)I have known her for a great many years.我认识她好多年了。He has read a great many of the books in this library.这个图书馆里的书他读过很多。思维拓展A large number of students have been admitted to universities.许多学生被大学录取。A great deal of money was spent on the project.那项工程花费了大量金钱。10The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took_pictures of them.Amany of Ba great manyCthe number of Da large amount解析：选B。a great many修饰可数名词复数；the number of的数量；a large amount of大量的，后接不可数名词；many of后接前面带有定冠词的名词，意思是“中的许多”。即时活用8except for除了之外【教材原句】(P10)In China students learn English at school as a foreign language，except for those in Hong Kong，where many people speak English as a first or a second language.除了香港有许多人把英语当作第一或第二语言外，中国学生都把英语作为外语来学习。Smith is a good man，except for his bad temper.史密斯是个好人，只是脾气不好。The movie is good except for its ending which seems a little plain.这部电影很好，只是结尾似乎有点平淡。比较活用but，except，except that，besides(1)but，except“除之外”，不包括在所指内容之内。(2)except that/when“除去之外”，后接从句。(3)besides“除了以外(还有)”，包括在所指范围以内，还可用作副词，意为“此外，而且”。11用but，except，except that/when.，besides填空。(1)除了在报纸上读过的内容，我对那场事故一无所知。I know nothing about the accident _I read in the newspaper.答案：except what即时活用(2)除玛丽外大家都去了图书馆，因为那天她没在。Everybody went to visit the library _Mary because she was absent that day.答案：except/but(3)他是个好学生，只是偶尔有些粗心。He is a good student _he is occasionally careless.答案：except that(4)除了有几个拼写错误之外，你的文章写得很好。Your composition is well written _a few spelling mistakes.答案：except for(5)现在出去太晚了，而且开始下雨。Its too late to go out now._，its beginning to rain.答案：Besides句型梳理1【教材原句】(P8)What_is_it_that Joe cant find in the bathroom?乔在浴室里究竟找不到什么？【句法分析】本句是强调句型的特殊疑问式，由“疑问词is/wasitthat/who.”构成。(1)强调句的基本结构为“It is/was强调部分that/who其他部分”，被强调的部分是人作主语时，用that或who皆可，其他情况连接词一般用that。(2)一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it强调部分that/who其他部分？(3)特殊疑问句形式：What/Why/Where/How/Who等疑问词is/wasitthat/who其他部分？若以who提问，强调词通常用that而不用who，即Who is/was it that.(此处不用who)。思维拓展It was only when I read the newspaper that I learned that he had been killed in the air crash.只是当我读报纸时我才得知他已经死于那场空难。Was it in the street that you saw her yesterday?昨天你是在街上见到她的吗？Where was it that you met him last night?你昨晚到底在什么地方遇见的他？即境活用12完成句子(2020年高考江西卷)It was_he came back from Africa that year_he met the girl he would like to marry.直到那年从非洲回来他才遇到那个他想与之结婚的女孩。答案：not until；that13(2020年高考安徽卷)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village_the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.Awhere BthatCwhen Dwhich解析：选B。句意：仅从村里买了很少的东西，女主人就做了那么丰盛的一顿大餐。本句考查强调句型。被强调部分为from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village，其中的that she had bought in the village为定语从句，先行词为only a few supplies。判断强调句的方法：去掉句中的It was及that后，剩余部分仍是个完整的句子。本题易误选A项，以为可用where引导定语从句，修饰the village，但句意不通。2【教材原句】(P11)With_so_many_people_communicating_in_English_every_day，it will become more and more important to have_a_good_knowledge_of English.有这么多的人每天用英语交流，精通英语将会变得越来越重要。【句法分析】with so many people communicating in English every day是with的复合结构，在本句中作伴随状语。其构成方式如下：with宾语形容词/副词with宾语现在分词(表示主动)with宾语过去分词(表示被动)with宾语不定式(侧重将来)with宾语介词短语/名词It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.嘴里满含食物说话是不礼貌的。With so much homework to do，he felt upset.有这么多的作业要做，他感到很着急。With so many children laughing and talking，the room was lively.这么多孩子又说又笑，房间里充满生机。You had no idea how she finished the relay race with her foot wounded so much.你根本不知道，在脚伤得那么厉害的情况下她是怎样完成接力比赛的。Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.安德森身上穿着衣服，躺