上海市红桥区2020届高考英语 完形填空和阅理暑假选练（6）

上海市红桥区2020届高考英语 完形填空和阅理暑假选练（6）阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2020.Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote Frieder RLang, a professor at the University of ErlangenNuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施)，”the authors wrote.Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.1According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?AOptimistic adults. BMiddleaged adults.CAdults in poor health. DAdults of lower income.解析细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句话“The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.”可知中年人可以更加精确地预测他们的未来。故选B项。答案B.2Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people_.Ato fully enjoy their present lifeBto estimate their contribution accuratelyCto take measures against potential risksDto value health more highly than wealth解析细节理解题。由第六、七段中的关键信息“.people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions.”及“.contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施).”可知对未来持悲观态度的人会对他们的行动更加小心并且采取一些预防措施，故选C项。答案C.3How do people of higher income see their future?AThey will earn less money.BThey will become pessimistic.CThey will suffer mental illness.DThey will have less time to enjoy life.解析细节理解题。由第八段第一句话“Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.”可知工资高的人会预料他们未来工资的下降，故选A项。答案A.。4What is the clear conclusion of the study?APessimism guarantees chances of survival.BGood financial condition leads to good health.CMedical treatment determines health outcomes.DExpectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，the authors concluded.”可知对未来生活满意度的预测随年龄的增长而下降。答案D.。【宁夏银川市唐徕回民中学2020试题】完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime (一角硬币) left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, when a lovely 41 woman opened the door, he asked for a drink of water. She brought him a large glass of 42 . He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I 43you?”“You dont owe me anything,” she 44 . “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for45 .” He said, “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.”46 Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt 47 physically, but it also increased his faith in God and the human race. He was about to 48 and quit before this point.Years later the woman became seriously ill. The 49 doctors could do nothing. They finally sent her to the big city, where specialists can be gathered to study her 50 disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was 51 for the consultation (会诊). When he heard the name of the town she came from, a 52 light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down 53the hospital hall into her room.Dressed in his doctors gown he went in to see her. He 54 her at once. He went back to the consultation room and 55 to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special56 to her ease.After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly 57 the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote 58 on the side. The bill was sent to her room. She was 59 to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. 60 she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words:“Paid in full with a glass of milk.”(Signed) Dr. Howard KellyTears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently: “Thank you, God. Your love has spread through human hearts and hands.”41. A. young B. old C. rich D. poor42. A. juice B. water C. milk D. coffee43. A. pay B. owe C. give D. offer44. A. thought B. laughed C. refused D. replied45. A. a kindness B. a poor man C. being rich D. such a thing46. A. Before B. As C. Until D. Since47. A. excited B. moved C. strong D. happy48. A. give up B. go on C. keep up D. move on49. A. famous B. experienced C. stupid D. local50. A. hopeless B. rare C. violent D. painful51. A. checked in B. led in C. called in D. let in52. A. pleasant B. worried C. familiar D. strange53. A. into B. through C. across D. along54. A. realized B. understood C. sensed D. recognized55. A. determined B. tried C. begged D. won56. A. charge B. love C. attention D. view57. A. ordered B. wanted C. expected D. requested58. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing59. A. shy B. afraid C. thoughtful D. ashamed60. A. Finally B. Carefully C. Immediately D. Gradually【参考答案】ACBDA BCADB CDBDA CDCBA高考英语完形填空Have you read the book The Wolf Totem by a famous writer Jiang Rong, which tells the story of the relationship between wolves and human beings? Have you ever _1_the wolves world? If you had, you would admire the wolves.In the book, wolves are heroes on the large grassland. They know more about _2_than humans. They can attack lambs without disturbing their mothers. They also know how to_3_full use of the shape of land to trap sheep. I believe that if wolves were humans, they would be_4_ experts good at fighting.The wolf is a kind of special creature that can deeply understand_5_.Each wolf serves its group with its heart and soul. A _6_ wolf has little power, but a pack of wolves fear nothing. All the wolves obey the rules._7_ they are defeated, they run away together.The wolves also have great selfrespect and wont_8_ to anyone. The writer, who wrote the book The Wolf Totem，_9_stole a onemonthold baby wolf and raised it very carefully. To his _10_，he found the littlewolf still wanted to go back with the other wolves. He bit through the iron chain that limited him. The wolf was_11_ and he never gave in, fighting _12_ his death. The little wolf died as a glorious fighter.I was shocked by this kind of _13_：wolves are one of the most respected creatures on earth. I want everyone to look at wolves in a _14_ way. They are our teachers. They show us how to survive and _15_ in this not simple and dangerous world. Please honor the wolves; please honor all these heroes of nature!()1.A.thought about Bwalked intoCtalked about Dcared for()2.A.space Bspot Cfood Dsurvival()3.A.get Btake Chave Dmake()4.A.special Bimaginative Coutstanding Dcreative()5.A.operation Bteamwork Clifestyle Dcontrol()6.A.single Bbrave Clonely Dfair()7.A.As for BAs though CEven so DEven if()8.A.turn in Bgive in Ctake in Dbreak in()9.A.once Bjust Csoon Donly()10.A.satisfaction BdisappointmentCpleasure Dsorrow()11.A.proud Bsatisfied Cwilling Deager()12.A.until Balthough Cbefore Dunless()13.A.selflessness Bselfconfidence Cselfrespect Dselfprotection()14.A.curious Bdifferent Cstrange Dhumorous()15.A.walk Bhand Cget Dsucceed【解析】1A由后文可得知，作者全篇介绍狼，这里开篇点题：你是否对狼的世界进行过思考？再看选项，符合文意的只有A项。2D从后文介绍的狼的种种捕食本领以及最后一段中的survive可以得知，狼比人类更懂得求生，所以答案选D项。3D根据句意“懂得怎样充分利用地形”可知用固定搭配make use of。4C从狼捕食的艺术来看，狼如果是人，会是更“杰出的”善战能手，故选C项。5B从下文可知“狼是富有团队精神的”，故选B项。6A文意是指“一只狼的力量是微弱的”，其他选项不合文意，故选A项。7D文意表示“溃败时一起逃跑”，“溃败”与“群逃”应是让步关系，故选D项。8B由下文“小狼的拼死抗争”可知狼不会向任何人“屈服”，故选B项。9A对过去事情的叙述，表示“曾经”，故选A项。10B由前句“细心养护”与后句“小狼仍想回到狼群中去”，可知作者应是“失望的”，故选B项。11A由后文“never gave in”得知，狼是“骄傲的”，故选A项。12A由文意“抗争至死”，可知应选A项。13C由下文的respected可以知道，该空应填selfrespect，故选C项。14B从全文可知作者是赞扬狼的，由常识可以知道人们厌恶、害怕狼，而这里作者希望人们能用不同的方法去看待狼，故选B项。15D由文意“它们懂得如何求生，能在这个不简单的危险世界里成功生存”可知选D项。阅读理解。About 21,000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings.Instead，they receive their elementary (初等) and high school education by working at home on computers.The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public“cyberschools”，and that is about twice as many as two years ago.The money for students to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live.Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools.They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well.Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed.These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools.They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school.Whatever the judgment of cyberschools，they are getting more and more popular.For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall.It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen.Children get free equipment for their online education.This includes a computer，a printer，books and technical services.Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary.Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another.But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time.They w