北京市延庆县2020高考英语暑假阅读理解选练（10）

北京市延庆县2020高考英语暑假阅读理解选练（10）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the worlds supply of water. With 97% of the worlds water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage (短缺) seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the worlds agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution (重新分配) are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys (山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers overuse of irrgation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabias attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that.A. much of the worlds water is available for useB. people in high rainfall countries feel luckyC. the costs of water redistribution should be consideredD. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world2. Which of the following is true?A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.D. Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.3. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Steps to improving water use management.B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.4. The text is mainly about.A. water supply and increasing populationB. water use management and agricultureC. water redistribution and wildlife protectionD. water shortages and environmental protection【参考答案】1-4 CCAB【2020界广东省汕头市质量监测试题】Parents need to be good role models to help their children make sensible financial decisions, according to Adam Hancock and his team, from East Caronlina University in the US. Their work highlights that parents who argue about finances contribute to increasing credit card debt among their children during their students years. Their work is published online in Springers Journal of Family and Economic Issues.Credit card debt among college students has been a growing concern for researchers and policymakers over the last decade. In addition, there is growing concern among educators that more students are dropping out of school, not because of academic failure, but because of financial reasons, and credit card especially. Hancock and colleagues study is the first to examine how parental interactions, and financial knowledge and attitudes may have a cumulative effect（累积效应）on the number of credit cards students own and their level of credit card debt.The researchers analyzed data for 420 undergraduate students from seven different American universities, who took part in the College Student Financial Literacy Survey. According to the online survey, nearly two-thirds of students had a credit card, and nearly a third had more than one. Those students who reported that their parents argued about finances were more likely to have more than two cards than the students whose parents who did not argue about finances.In terms of debt, those students who had two or more credit cards were nearly three times more likely to report having credit card debt over 500.The researchers conclude, It is clear that the influence of parents cannot be neglected. Researchers, educators and policymakers should work in finding effective ways to increase the positive financial behaviors fo college students. We need to help students learn financial skills and establish healthy financial attitudes at earlier ages to prevent poor financial habits from taking root.26. In Adam Hancocks research, students credit card debt is related to their _.A.knowledge B.concerns C.school D.parents【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由“Their work highlights that parents who argue about finances contribute to increasing credit card debt among their children during their students years.”可知学生的信用卡债务和他们的父母有关。故选D。27. When college students have credit card debt, they may _.A.quit school B.fail in their examsC.study financial knowledge D.have more credit cards【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“there is growing concern among educators that more students are dropping out of school, not because of academic failure, but because of financial reasons, and credit card especially.”可知大学生有信用卡债务时，他们就可能退学。故选A。28. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. More than 400 students i a university took the survey.B. The survey was conducted with the paper questionnaire.C. Nearly all the students in this survey have credit cards.D. Students have fewer cards if their parents argue more.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由“According to the online survey, nearly two-thirds of students had a credit card, and nearly a third had more than one.”可知在调查中，几乎所有学生都有信用卡。故选C。29. If you have two or more credit cards, you are more likely to _.A.get wealthy B.have argument C.buy more things D.become in debt【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由“In terms of debt, those students who had two or more credit cards were nearly three times more likely to report having credit card debt over 500.”说明如果你有两个或两个以上的信用卡，你更有可能负债。故选D。30. As a student, what can yo learn from the passage?A. We need to turn to our parents when we have credit card debt.B. We should build correct financial attitudes when we are young.C. We shouldnt have credit cards so that we can avoid argument.D. We can have more credit cards to make life more comfortable.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由“We need to help students learn financial skills and establish healthy financial attitudes at earlier ages to prevent poor financial habits from taking root.”可知我们在小的时候就应该树立正确的财政态度。故选B。Passage Thirty-two (The Young Generation)Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were. The same comment is made from generation to generation and it is always true. It has never been truer than it is today. The young are better educated. They have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of their elders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly are nothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from the one that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed.The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer. They dont like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this is precisely what the young are doing. They are question the assumptions of their elders and disturbing their complacency. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery. Wouldnt people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And what about clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convict haircuts? If we ruin our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means, who said that human difference can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more material possessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Havent the old lost touch with all that is important in life?These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the past forty years or so hasnt been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to their elders for guidance. Today, the situation might be reversed. The oldif they are prepared to admit itcould learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is that enjoyment is not sinful. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. This emphasis on the present is only to be expected because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constant threat of complete annihilation. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it?1. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?A. Better educated. . More money and freedom.C. Independence. D. Hard work.2. What so the young reject most?A. Values. . The assumption of the elders.C. Conformity. C. Conventional ideas.3. Why do the young stress on the present?A. They have grown up under the shadow of the bomb. They dislike the past.C. They think the present world is the best.D. They are afraid of destruction.4. What can the old learn from the young generation?A. Enjoyment is not sinful. . People should have more leisure time.C. Men might enjoy life. D. One should enjoy ones work.Vocabulary1. reminder 使共回想起某事的东西，提示者2. complacency 自鸣得意，自满情结3. take leave 擅自，任意，随意I took leave to consider this matter settled. 请原谅我认为这事已经解决了。4. conformity 与一致，遵从5. guilt 有罪，内疚6. ridden （ride 的过去分词）受支配的，受压迫7. guilt-ridden 负罪感8. amass 积累，积聚9. a rat-race 激烈的竞争10. shrug off 对耸肩表示不屑一理，轻视，摆脱11. spotless 无污点的，纯洁的12. shed 摆脱，抛弃13. annihilate 歼灭14. bequeath 赠送，把传给后代15. sanity 头脑清醒健全难句译注1. convict haircut. Convict 义：罪犯。罪犯和短发两字合在一起为