上海市红桥区2020届高考英语 完形填空和阅理暑假选练（8）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the worlds supply of water. With 97% of the worlds water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage (短缺) seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the worlds agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution (重新分配) are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys (山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers overuse of irrgation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabias attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that.A. much of the worlds water is available for useB. people in high rainfall countries feel luckyC. the costs of water redistribution should be consideredD. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world2. Which of the following is true?A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.D. Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.3. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Steps to improving water use management.B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.4. The text is mainly about.A. water supply and increasing populationB. water use management and agricultureC. water redistribution and wildlife protectionD. water shortages and environmental protection【参考答案】1-4 CCAB【吉林省九校联合体2020高考英语二模试题】完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Do you know how much your children sleep?According to the National Sleep Foundation, 41 should sleep twelve to eighteen hours 42 of every twenty-four. With a gradual 43 to twelve to fourteen hours for toddlers(初学走路的孩子) one to three; eleven to thirteen hours for 44 three to five; and ten to eleven hours for schoolchildren 45 five to ten.But things get really 46 at adolescence. Not only do teenagers need more sleep than 47 _-eight and a half to nine and a quarter hours a night, according to the sleep foundation - but the times 48 which they get sleepy and are able to awaken 49 and feel rested shift in a 50 that does not match to the 51 times at most schools.Sleep studies have shown that the typical teenager does not fall asleep readily before 11 p. m. or later. 52 many have to get up by 6 a. m. or 53 to get to school for a class 54 starts at 7:30 or 8 a.m. More than a few 55 off during that class, and often the 56 one as well. Even if awake, theyre in no condition to learn much of anything.In one study, more than 90 percent of teenagers 57 they slept less than the 58 nine hours a night, and 10 percent said they slept less than six hours.59 _ James B. Maas, a Cornell University psychologist and Leading sleep researcher, has observed, most teenagers are walking zombies(僵尸) 60 they get far too little sleep. 41. A. childrenB. newbornsC. eldersD. youngsters42.A. fromB. withC. outD. up43. A. reductionB. increaseC. growthD. improvement44. A. teenagersB. studentsC. babiesD. preschoolers45. A. relatedB. separatedC. agedD. varied46.A. demandingB. challengingC. satisfyingD. encouraging47. A. adultsB. toddlersC. babies D. schoolchildren48. A. inB. onC. atD. for49. A. excitedlyB. early C. casuallyD. naturally 50. A. formB. meansC. methodD. way51. A. endB. startC. holidayD. examination52. A. SinceB. For C. YetD. Then 53. A. nicerB. earlier C. cleanerD. better54.A. thatB. itsC. whatD. whose55. A. putB. takeC. dozeD. cut56. A. nextB. otherC. lastD. new57. A. examinedB. surveyedC. reportedD. convinced58. A. regulatedB. recommendedC. analyzedD. reported59. A. Like B. SinceC. AsD. Furthermore60. A. becauseB. whichC. whileD. still 完型 41-45 BCADC 46-50 BACDD 51-55 BCBAC 56-60 ACBCA第1模块 完形填空 模块导读（2）二、动词动词是高考考查的热点。命题者通过设计特定的、真实的语境对动词和动词短语的用法进行考查。做题时应该注意：1动词的基本意义、引申意义例9 Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as EL Nino.The appearance of EL Nino is known to _ the weather around the world.Aeffect BAffectCspoil Dheat【解析】 Beffect使发生，实现，引起；affect影响，作用；spoil宠坏，溺爱，破坏；heat加热。例10 People who are welladjusted are able to_ stressful situations better than others.AHandle BcreateCaffect Dinvestigate【解析】 Ahandle作名词时意思是“柄， 把手”， 此处用作动词， 意为“处理， 操作”。2同、近义动词的区分例11 Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20hour operation to have_ oneyearold twins at the head.Acut Bseparated Cdivided Dremoved【解析】 Bcut切，割，削，剪，截；separate把(本来在一起的人或物)分开， 分离；divide把(一个整体)划分为均等的几个部分；remove把脱掉， 剔除。根据题意“医生成功地实施了手术， 把连体孪生婴儿分开了”， 只有separate 合乎语境。例12 Four years of study in Hong Kong is not cheap, costing at least 400,000 yuan, but many top students _ scholarships.Aaccept Breceive Crequire Drequest【解析】 Baccept接受， 同意， 承担(责任等)；receive收到，接受，迎接。此处的意思是“很多优秀学生获得奖学金”。例12 Four years of study in Hong Kong is not cheap, costing at least 400,000 yuan, but many top students _ scholarships.Aaccept BreceiveCrequire Drequest【解析】 Baccept接受， 同意， 承担(责任等)；receive收到，接受，迎接。此处的意思是“很多优秀学生获得奖学金”。3动词与介词的搭配例13 A month ago, right before leaving Kennedy Airport, my grandma_ me of the behavior of the native mosquitoes around the visitors like me.Apersuaded Breminded Cwarned Dinformed【解析】 Cwarn sb.of sth.是固定搭配， 意为“警告某人某事”。例14 Scientists are _ of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.Aconvinced Bpersuaded CAllowed Dprevented【解析】 Aconvince sb.of sth.使某人确信， 使信服。4动词与名词的搭配例15 “But they are _damage to our houses and shops of historical interest，” said John Norris, one of the protesters.Adoing Braising Cputting Dproducing【解析】 A固定搭配do damage to意为“损害，破坏”。例16 He explained that I looked for the best in people，.From then on, Ive always tried to_the principle in my life and later in running my company.Arevise BSet Creview Dfollow【解析】 Dfollow the principle遵循原则。5动词短语的意义例17 They thought they would get the chance to _ the new oil fields in this area.Aput up Bset up Copen up Dbuild up【解析】 Cput up有“搭起， 搭建， 建造”之意， 后面一般要接房子、帐篷之类的名词作宾语；set up 有“设立， 建立， 创立”之意， 后面要接工厂、组织、榜样等名词作宾语；open up意为“打开， 打通， 开发， 开创”， 后面接领土、资源之类的名词作宾语。例18 he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous.After I _ , I played better.Afell down Bwrote down Cslowed down Dcalmed down【解析】 Dfall down跌倒； write down 记下，写下； slow down放慢速度， 减速； calm down平静下来， 镇定下来。例19 He tried to make a telephone call, but was unable to_.Aget on Bget up Cget through Dget in【解析】 Cget on上车；get up起床；get through结束，做完，通过，接通；get in进入，到达，收割。例20 Scientists have found that the longer the voyage lasts, the more serious the problem of adjustment is.When men are _ together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy.Ashut up Bheld up Cbrought up Dpicked up【解析】 Ashut up关闭， 住口； hold up举起， 提出， 抓住， 阻挡； bring up养育， 提起； pick up捡起， 拾起。阅读理解。Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Braincomputer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.本文讲述了科学家正在寻找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法，从而帮助残疾人。大脑与电脑连接技术，可以帮助残疾人交流和控制设备装置，如轮椅。12BCI is a technology that can _.A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computersC. help the disabled to recover D. control a persons thoughts答案：B。细节理