四川省成都市2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础训练80集连载（25）

四川省成都2020高考英语阅读理解第二轮基础训练连续80次(25次)2020高考英语阅读理解能力训练。阅读以下短文，从每个问题的4个选项(a、b、c、d)中选择最合适的选项。two recent studies have found that punisman is not the best way to influence behavior。one showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards .researchers at Harvard university in The United States and The stock holm school of economics in Sweden did The study .they had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the prisoner s dilema .the game is based on the tension Between the interests of an individual and a group .the students played in groups of four .each player could win points for the group，So they would all gain equally。but each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players，at a cost to the punisher。Harvard researcher David rand says the most success ful behavior proved to be cooperation。the groups that reward it the most earrned about twence as mu Ch in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least .and the more a group punished itself，The lower its earnings were。the group with the most punisinent earrned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punisinent .the study appeared last month in the journal science。the other study invlved children . it was presnted last month in California at a conference on vioence and abuse。researchers used intelligence tests Given to two groups。more than eight hundred children aged two to four the first time they were tested .more than seven hundred children aged five to nine。the two groups were retested four years later，And the study compared the results with the first test . both groups contained children whose parentsthe study says the IQs-or intelligence quotients-of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who werein the older group，the difference was almost three points。Murray Strauss from the university of new Hampshire worked with mallie paschall from the Pacific institute for research and evaluation . professor sorhe says the more they are spanked，The slower their mental development。he also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common。1.which could be the best title of the passage？A.PunishmentB.the best way to influence behavior。C.punnihment or reward : which works better on behavior？D.Two Recent Studies。2.the underlined word“spanked”probably means _ _ _ _ _ _ _。A.won B. punished C. tested D. praised3.according to the passage，the researchers may agree the best way to influence behavior is _ _ _ _ _ _。A.rewarding good behaviorB.correcting bad behaviorC.punihing badly-behaved childrenD.praising well-behaved children考试问题分析：本文主要介绍了两个研究的过程和研究成果。最近的两项研究表明，惩罚不是影响行为的最好方法。一项研究表明，成年人在基于奖励的机制中更合作。另一项研究表明，惩罚对孩子的精神发展不利。1.选择最佳标题。a项目太片面了。文章没有提到排除b的最佳方法；d项目不够具体。第二段“one showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards”和第六段“of the younger children who were not spanked wer E five points higher than than those who were”，根据研究结果，选择c作为促进合作，惩罚对孩子精神发展不利的地方。2.推测词义。根据第6段“who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were”，父母体罚的孩子的智商比没有体罚的孩子低5分，最后一段He says the more they are spanked，The sloos“孩子受到的惩罚越多，他们的精神发展就越慢，说明拼字是“惩罚”的意思，所以选择b。推理判断问题。b，d两篇文章没有提到；倒数第2段“of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than than those who were”和最后一段“the more they are spanked，the sll根据第二段“adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards”和第六段“five points higher than those who were”阅读下面的短文，从每个文章项给定的4个选项(a、b、c、d)中选择最合适的选项。Its good to make mistakes，and here is why。First of all，Mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things . it s always good to try new things because when you are tring new things youHow can you expand？the simple answer is“you can t”。look around you。with very few exceptions，Either everything you see in your physical world or every single detail of every single thing is the result of somene trypeanother good thing about mistakes is this : when you are making mistakes，you are learning。consider this : Edison failed 10，000 times before he perfmected the light bulb。when asked how it felt to fail that many times，he said that he hadnt failed 10，000 times，but rather had learned 10，000 things that didn Finally，when you make a mistake you are much closer to success . why？Because when all is said and done，you will have tried some number of things before you succed。every time you make a mistake you eliminate one of those things and are one step closer。but this all doesn t mean that you should go ahead without considering the consequence of a mistake .quite the contrry，When you try something new you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn t work out thewe all have limited resources in the form of time And money，So don t blow them all on one approach to a problem . realize that it probably won t bononly by accepting and using your mistakes in this way can you make significant advances in your business and your career。Ther