【顶尖学案】2020届高考英语 Module4 Great Scientists 外研版必修4

2020届高考英语顶尖学案：外研版Module 4 Great Scientists伟大的科学家核心词汇1She closed her eyes against the_ (明亮的)light.2As far as I know，all these people are innocent _ (牺牲者)3The recent hot，humid weather is affecting air _ (质量)4. The Indians were the_(原来的)inhabitants of North America.5We love reading your letters and we try to _ (发表)as many as possible.6Rice is the_(主要的)diet in many Asian countries.7The directors were trying to get rid of her，but her staff all_(支持)her.8They have made a major_(突破)in cancer research.9He was _at a public university.The_there taught so well that he received a good_.(educate)10“In _，your work is bad，”said the boss _ .(brief)1.brilliant2.victims3.quality4.original5.publish, 6.staple 7.cated；educators；education 10.brief；briefly高频短语1_培养；养育2_ 带进；引进；挣得3_ 由于的结果4_ 因/以而闻名/出名5_ 从来；源于6_ 谋生7_ 掌权；执政8_ 对进行实验9_ 偶然，意外地10_ 被系/捆在上11_ 从毕业12_ 被诊断为13_ 沿笔直的方向14_ 目前，现在1.bring up2.bring in3.as a result of4.be known for,5.come from6.make/earn/get a (ones) e to/into power8.experiment with9.by accident 10.be attached to11.graduate from12.be diagnosed with13.in a straight direction14.at present重点句式1In the_，the Chinese scientist，Yuan Longping，is a_.在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位杰出人士。2He thought that_people was _and_.他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生产出来。3_Yuan Longpings discoveries Chinese rice production_47.5 percent_.由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年代增长了47.5%。4_it was discovered that he was a brilliant scientist.就斯蒂芬霍金个人情况而言人们发现他是一个卓越的科学家。5But_wanted to use rockets in battles.但并不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。6Or was he carried miles into space，_？还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？1.ricegrowing world；leading figure2.the key to feeding；to have more rice；to produce it more quickly3.As a result of；rose by；in the 1990s4.In Stephen Hawkings case5.not everybody6.becoming the worlds first astronaut知识详解1 supportvt.& n支撑；扶持；拥护；维持；赡养；忍受(回归课本P32)The research was supported by the government.这项研究得到了政府的赞助。11归纳总结例句探源He has a large family to support.他要养一大家人。We support the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.我们全力支持警方打击犯罪活动的工作。They signed a petition in support of the pay claim.他们在请愿书上签名支持这次的加薪要求。The middle part of the bridge is supported by two huge towers.桥的中部由两个巨型桥塔支撑着。即境活用1My sister was against the idea while my brother was _it.Ain terms ofBin support ofCin need of Din case of解析：选B。句意为：我的姐姐反对这个主意而我的弟弟却支持它。in support of表示“支持，赞同”；in terms of.意为“从角度而言”；in need of.意为“需求，需要”；in case of意为“假如，万一”。故B项正确。2.The old man has a problem with his legs and therefore he has to_himself with a cane.Ahelp BsupportCraise Dlift解析：选B。support himself with a cane用一根拐杖撑着他自己。help sb.with sth.帮助某人某事；raise 举起；lift抬起。2 quantityn量；数量；大量(回归课本P33)A yield refers to quantity (eg of food)产量指的是数量(例如食物的)。归纳总结例句探源(牛津P1620)Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity.大宗购物比较便宜。Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高。Great quantities of sand were washed down the hillside by the rain.雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。It is worthwhile to spend a quantity of money in bringing up children.在教育孩子方面花许多钱是值得的。即境活用3(2020年高考福建卷)Why does the lake smell terrible?Because large quantities of water_.Ahave pollutedBis being pollutedChas been pollutedDhave been polluted解析：选D。首先，large quantities作主语，谓语要用复数，故B和C项错；另外，pollute与water是被动关系，故用其被动语态。4._food are stored in the tunnel in winter.ALarge quantities of BA great manyCA large number of DQuite a few解析：选A。large quantities of后面既可跟可数名词的复数又可跟不可数名词。3 escapevi.逃脱，避开，溜走vt.逃避，避免；被忘掉；情不自禁地发出；被忘记；未被注意n逃，逃亡，逃跑(回归课本P39)The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.中国人发现从管中逸出的气体能够把它推到空中。归纳总结【注意】escape后常接v.ing形式作宾语。例句探源There is no way to escape doing the task.没有方法逃避这项工作。(牛津P676)She managed to escape from the burning car.她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。(朗文P632)Theres no escaping the fact that she did actually lie to you.不可否认的是，她的确对你撒了谎。Oh，yes，youre right.It has completely escaped my memory.噢，是的，你说得对。我把它忘得一干二净了。即境活用5The flying bird is lucky enough to escape_by the hidden net the farmer spread over the fields.AcatchingBfrom catchingCcaught Dbeing caught解析：选D。句意：这只飞鸟很幸运，没有被农夫撒在田间的隐形网捕捉住。此处escape表示“逃脱，逃避”，后接动词时需用v.ing形式，又因为the flying bird与catch之间是被动关系，故用being caught。6.When the disaster struck many people had no time to escape_.Akilling Bto be killedCto kill Dbeing killed解析：选D。escape后应跟动名词形式，这里考查的是动名词的被动结构。4 clearvt.使清澈；使清楚；扫清vi.变清澈；(天)变晴；(烟雾)消散adj.清澈的；晴；清晰的；畅通的(回归课本P39)When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.当烟雾散去后，万户和他的椅子都不见了。归纳总结例句探源After supper，my younger brother often helps mother clear away the dishes.晚饭后，小弟经常帮母亲收拾碟子。They cleared up the misunderstanding and make up.他们消除误会和好了。The sky cleared after the storm.雨过天晴。He made it clear that he would resign.他明确表示他要辞职。即境活用7.It has been snowing for several days.I hope it_.A.to be cleared upBto clean upCwill clear upDwill clean up解析：选C。hope后面不能跟不定式作宾补，排除A、B；clear up此处表示“(天)放晴”，符合题意。clean up“清理掉”。8(2020年江苏启东中学)Since you want to make up with her，you should be the first to_the misunderstanding.Aclear up Bbreak upCtake up Dfollow up解析：选A。A“整理，收拾；消除，解除(误解等)；(天气)放晴”；B“打碎，拆散；分裂，分解；(集会)结束”；C“占(时间、空间)；从事；拿起；继续讲述”；D“跟进，补充，采取后续行动 (加强效果)”，这里指的是“消除误解”，所以选A。5 bring in请来，带进；引进；赚钱；收割庄稼；逮捕(回归课本P33)Researchers were brought in from all over China.从中国各地请来研究人员。归纳总结例句探源Could I just bring in some members of the audience to get their views?我可以邀请一些观众来听取他们的意见吗？They have brought in some advanced equipment.他们引进了一些先进设备。Farmers in the south have also brought in good crops.南方的农民也获得好收成。(朗文P238)Ill bring your books back on wednesday.我星期三把书给你带回来。(朗文P238)The smells from the kitchen brought forth happy memories of childhood.厨房的香味让我想起快乐的童年。即境活用9The policeman_two thieves caught stealing in the supermarket.Abrought up Bbrought intoCbrought in Dbrought out解析：选C。句意为“警察带进来两个在超市现场偷东西的小偷。”10.To develop our country more effectively，we must_new science and technology from abroad.Abring up Bbring inCbring out Dbring about解析：选B。bring up“养育”；bring in“引进”；bring out“出版，发挥”；bring about“引起，导致”。6 come to power掌权；执政(回归课本P37)Albert Einstein left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.阿尔伯特爱因斯坦在希特勒掌权时离开了德国去美国工作。归纳总结例句探源Do you know when the first Chinese empress came to power?你知道中国第一位女皇帝是什么时候上台执政的吗？She has a lot of power over the people in her team.她对队里的人有很大的影响力。Im afraid it is beyond my power to do what youre asking.我恐怕不能胜任你要求做的事。即境活用11He_for ten years but still doesnt want to leave office.Ahas been in powerBhas come to powerCtook officeDcame into power解析：选A。因有表示一段时间的时间状语for ten years，故选用表示状态的be in power。句型梳理1【教材原句】Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the worlds first astronaut？(P39)还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？【句法分析】becoming the worlds first astronaut是现在分词短语，在此处作结果状语。现在分词短语作结果状语，只能放在主句后面。Her parents died, leaving her a lot of debts.她的父母去世了，给她留下很多债务。It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。易混辨析现在分词和动词不定式作结果状语的区别(1)现在分词作结果状语通常表示一个自然而然的、意料之中的结果。例如：Many trees had been blown down by the high winds，blocking roads.许多树被狂风刮倒，堵住了道路。(2)不定式作结果状语表示一个出乎意料的结果。其前常加only以强调这一意外结果。例如：I rushed to the school，only to find it was Sunday.我跑到学校，结果却发现那天是星期天。即境活用12(2020年沈阳模拟)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_a record US $57.65 a barrel.Ahave reachedBreachingCto reachDto be reaching解析：选B。句意“油价从今年初开始至今已经上涨了32%，达到每桶57.65美元。”用v.ing形式作结果状语。13.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_in the natural light during the day.Ato let BlettingClet Dhaving let解析：选B。句意：在入口处，玻璃门已取代了木门，这样白天自然光便可照射进来。to let动词不定式作目的状语时，其前不用逗号与句子隔开；作结果状语常以only to do形式出现表示出乎意料的结果。let为原形，不能用作状语。having let为分词的完成时态，表示动作在主句动词所表达的动作之前已完成，不合题意。letting是现在分词作结果状语，故选B。2【教材原句】The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.(P39)这些管