江西省2020届高三英语二轮专项训练 阅读理解（54）

江西省2020届高三英语二轮专项训练：阅读理解（54）ADo you know anything about the history of weather? Dont look at the sky Dont look for old weather reports Looking at the tree rings is more important Correct weather reports date back only one century, but some trees can provide an exact record of weather even further backIt is natural that a tree would grow best in a climate with plenty of sunlight and rainfall It is also expected that little sunlight or rainfall would reduce the growth of a tree The change from a favorable to an unfavorable climate can be found out by the reading pattern of rings in a tree trunk To find out the weather of ten years ago, you can count the rings of a tree trunk from the outside to the inside If the tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it is certain that plenty of sunny and rainy weather occurred If the rings are close together, then the climate was bad for the treeStudying trees is important not only for the history of weather, but also for the history of man In an area of New Mexico you can find only sand no trees or people However, many centuries ago a large population lived there They left suddenly Why?A scientist studied the pattern of the rings of dead trees that had grown there He made up his mind that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees Trees were necessary to make fires and buildings So, after the people destroyed the trees, they had to moveIn this example studying tree rings uncovered an exciting fact about the history of man1 We can find out the weather of five years ago by counting the rings of a tree trunk _A from the left to the rightB from the right to the leftC from the inside to the outside D from the outside to the inside2 If the ring was far from the others, we can conclude that the weather of that year was _A bad B sunny C favorable D rainy3 By studying the rings of dead trees in an area of New Mexico, the scientist found _A why the people had to leave B where the people had to goC what the people had to eatD how the people left4 The ancient people usually lived where there were plenty of trees mainly because _A trees provided an exact record of weatherB trees could supply them with fruit and foodC trees could supply them with shadesD trees were materials for fires and buildings5 By giving the example of an area of New Mexico, the author tries to prove A trees cant live in the area without populationB that studying trees is important for the history of manC what the relation is between tree rings and the history of manD the history of man is important for the history of treesBThere is a story about the moon cake During the Yuan dynasty, China was ruled by the Mongolian people Leaders from the preceding Song dynasty were unhappy about being ruled by foreigners, so they began to organize a secret rebellion The leaders of the rebellion, knowing that the Moon Festival was drawing near, ordered the making of special cakes Baked into each cake was a message containing the outline of the attack On the night of the Moon Festival, the rebels successfully attacked and overthrew the government Today, these cakes are eaten to commemorate（纪念）this legend and are called Moon CakesFor generations, moon cakes have been made with sweet fillings of nuts, mashed red beans, lotus-seed paste or Chinese dates, wrapped in pastry Sometimes a cooked egg yolk can be found in the middle of this rich tasting dessert Some people have compared moon cakes to the plum puddings and fruit cakes which are served in the English holiday seasonsNowadays, there are hundreds of varieties of moon cakes on sale a month before the arrival of the Moon Festival6 According to this passage, people eat moon cakes on the Moon Festival because A it is a traditionB moon cakes are tastyC moon cakes look like the moonD people want to remember the rebellion against the Mongolian rulers7 The leaders ordered the special cakes to be made in order to A prize the rebels B celebrate the holidayC plan the attack D carry the message secretly8 Why did those leaders want to overthrow the government?A Because they wanted to rule the countryB Because they were unhappy that China was ruled by the MongolianC Because they were from the preceding Song dynastyD Because they wanted to celebrate the Moon Festival in their way9 Which of the following statements is WRONG?A China was once ruled by the Mongolian people during the Yuan dynastyB Moon cakes were originally made to carry a messageC All moon cakes have a cooked egg yolk in themD A variety of moon cakes can be bought a month before the Moon Festival now10 The best title for the passage is “_”A The origin of moon cakes B Moon cakes and the Moon FestivalC Moon Festival D How the Moon Festival came into beingCWelcome to Franklin HotelTo make your stay as enjoyable as possible , we hope you will use our facilities（设施）to the full Dining Room: Breakfast is served in the dining room from 8 to 9:30 amAlso the room staff（服务员）may bring breakfast to your room at any time after 7 amIf this happens , please fill out a card and hang it outside your door when you go to bedLunch is from 12 to 2:30 pmDinner is from 7:30 to 9 pm Room service : This operates 24 hours a day ; phone the Reception desk , and your message will be passed on to the room staff Telephones : To make a phone call , dial（按）0 for Reception and ask to be connectedWe apologize for delays if the lines are very busyThere are also public telephones near the Reception deskTell Reception if early calls are needed Shop : The hotel shop is open for presents , gifts and goods from 9 am to 5:30 pm Laundry : We have a laundry in the building , and will wash , iron and return your clothes within 24 hoursAsk the room staff to collect themBar: The hotel bar is open from 12 to 2 pm and 7 pm to 1 am Banking : The Reception staff will cash cheques（兑现支票）and exchange any foreign money for you11You would see this noticeAin a hotel barBin a hotel dining roomCin a bedroom of a large international hotelDat the entrance of a small family hotel12You have arrived at the hotel at 2 amand want a quick mealWhat should you do?AGo to the hotel shopBGo to the hotel barCHang a message outside your doorDPhone Reception13You have come back to the hotel just to make an urgent（紧急）phone callBut you notice a lot ofpeople around the Reception deskJudging from the notice , would it be quickest toAgo to your room and phone from there?Bask at the Reception desk?Cuse one of the telephones in the entrance?Dgo out again and look for a public phone box?14How many kinds of service are there according to the notice?ATwelve BTen CEight DSeven15What would you do if you want room service at 24 pm?APhone the Reception desk BGo to the Reception deskCPhone the room staff DFill out a card aheadDAlthough there is no formal process of selection, in larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment（招募）Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades（十年） of research have failed to produce evidence that there are any “natural leaders” It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; or rather更确切地说, any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular groupResearch suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done” Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings福利 of a social groups members Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among themInstrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members They give others and may discipline（纪律约束） group members who inhibit （阻碍） attainment of the groups goals Expressive leaders develop a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to solve problems that threaten to divide the group As the difference between these two roles suggests, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect16 What does the passage mainly discuss?A The problems faced by leaders B The role of leaders in social groupsC How leadership differs in small and large groupsD How social groups determine who will lead them17 The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can become leaders EXCEPT _ EA recruitment B formal election processC specific le