河南省2020届高三英语上学期入学摸底考试试题（通用）

河南省2020届高三英语上学期入学摸底考试试题考生注意：1.本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15. B. 9.18. C.9.15答案是C。1. How long has the man been waiting?A. For half an hour.B. For ten minutes.C. For forty minutes.2. Why does the woman refuse to eat any more food?A. She is losing weight. B. She isnt feeling well. C. She has had enough.3. What is the woman going to do next?A. Do some typing. B. Write her paper. C. Have lunch.4. What will the man probably do?A. Help the woman paint her car.B. Buy the womans car.C. Get a new car.5. What does the woman mean?A. Its cold in the lecture hall.B. The sweater looks terrible.C. The air is heavily polluted today.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why is the plane delayed?A. Because of the building.B. Because of the flight itself.C. Because of the weather.7. Whats the womans suggestion?A. Attending a birthday party.B. Getting something to eat.C. Choosing a gift.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What is the season of the mans destination now?A. Winter B. Fall. C. Summer.9. What will the man probably buy after he gets to his destination?A. Shorts and T-shirts.B. Sweaters and shoes.C. A coat and a raincoat.10. What is the weather of the mans destination like in spring?A. Its rainy. B. Its windy. C. Its snowy.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What would the man probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday?A. Go to a play. B. See a car show. C. Visit Kingston.12. What is the woman going to do in Toronto?A. Attend a party. B. Meet her aunt. C. Stay at home.13. Why is the woman in a hurry to leave?A. To call up Betty. B. To pick up Daniel. C. To buy some DVDs.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. Where do the mans family usually stay during their vacation?A. At a hotel.B. At their beach house.C. At his uncles house.15. How many people are there in the mans family?A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.16. What is one of the mans favorite parts of the beach trip?A. Lying on the beach.B. Cooking together at home.C. Playing football on the beach.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where does the speech take place?A. In England. B. In Australia. C. In the United States.18. When was The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry published?A. In 2020. B. In 2020. C. In 2020.19. What award has the speaker won?A. The Commonwealth Book Prize.B. The Man Booker Prize.C. The Tinniswood Award.20. What did the speaker use to work as?A. An actress. B. A TV host. C. A writer.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHere are the most popular Toronto activities.Niagara Falls Full Day TourOn this attractive tour, you will step aboard a luxury bus and head to famed Niagara Falls. On your arrival, youll take a voyage on the Maid of the Mist or Journey Behind the Falls (depends on weather conditions) to get as close to this natural wonder as possible. Then feast on an appetizing buffet lunch while enjoying the breathtaking sights of Niagara Fall. Afterwards, spend time exploring the shops and attractions of the charming, scenic town Niagara-on-the-Lake. Its sure to be a day filled with beauty and wonder. The tour lasts approximately 8 hours.Hop On/Hop Off City Tour TorontoThis 2.5-hour tour starts from either Nicholbys Souvenir Shop located at 123 Front Street West, or Yonge/Dundas Square located at the corner of Yonge and Dundas Streets. You may also join the tour at any of the points along the route.Toronto Daily Combination ToursThis tour combines both land and water views of beautiful Toronto. Youll start the tour taking a two-hour bus tour through this multi-cultural city. Youll see sights like CN Tower, Chinatown, and more, before heading over to Queens Quay for a one-hour Harbor Cruise.Downtown Toronto Bike TourHop on a bike and follow your local guide through downtown Toronto! Discover popular attractions such as Chinatown, Kensington Market, the Hockey Hall of Fame and City Hall, as well as scenic out-of-the-way spots. Hear stories about Torontos culture and history and sample some food at markets along the way. This easy, fun 4-hour ride is suitable for all riders, so you can bring the whole family along. This small-group tour is limited to 12 people, ensuring a more personalized experience. Meet your guide at the Village by the Grange in the morning for a brief training.21. What will tourists do after lunch on the Niagara Falls Full Day Tour?A. Enjoy some thrilling rides.B. Go on a voyage on the Falls.C. Go shopping in the town Niagara.D. Appreciate the sights of Niagara Falls.22. Which of the following tours lasts the least time?A. Hop On/Hop Off City Tour Toronto.B. Toronto Daily Combination Tours.C. Downtown Toronto Bike Tour.D. Niagara Falls Full Day Tour.23. Where will the riders be trained for the Downtown Toronto Bike Tour?A. In Chinatown.B. At Kensington Market.C. In the Hockey Hall of Fame.D. At the Village by the Grange.BThere is now a museum for pizza lovers in Americas pizza capital, New York City. The Museum of Pizza is devoted to pizza, cheese and sauce, but theres more to it than meets the tougue.“Its often that the simplest ideas are the best. And we wanted to use pizzas appeal to get people through the door and to look at art and hear about history in a different forms,” said Alexandra Serio, Chief Content Officer at Nameless Network, the group that baked the Museum of Pizza idea. Another instantly recognizable characteristic of the space is the bright colors that are weaved (穿行) throughout the exhibitsperfect for taking social media-ready pictures.Located on the street level of Brooklyns William Vale hotel, the museum is a large, one-floor space that houses a wide variety of art, from giant photographs to sculptures that surround visitors.Serio said exhibits of this kind are becoming an advantage for museums as they try to get younger legs to walk through their doors. “Its a kind of change,” she said. “Youll see it in the next few years because of museums like the Museum of Ice Cream, and multiple pop-ups (出现) of this kind of museums suiting a younger audience and seeing how they can make their exhibitions more attractive, touch and photography friendly.”“Honestly, I thought it would be like more of a museum in the beginning, with the pizza boxes and it tells you when it was developed and things like that,” said Nene Raye, visitor from New Jersey.Lydia Melendez, a self-described “pizza fan”, bought her tickets in April and for her, this experience was worth the wait. “I thought it was going to be kind of boring, like Im going to walk in and theres just going to be a book about pizza and how to make it, but this is definitely one for the books.” she said.24. Whats a noticeable attraction of the pizza-themed museum according to Serio?A. It covers a large area.B. Visitors can bake pizza in it.C. Its perfect for taking amazing pictures.D. Its exhibits are arranged in the simplest way.25. Who is the museum targeted at?A. Younger audience. B. Ice cream lovers.C. Artists and sculpturers. D. Professional photographers.26. What does Lydia Melendez think of the museum?A. It is kind of disappointing. B. It is surprisingly wonderful.C. It is definitely a dull museum. D. It looks like a traditional museum.27. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Small Pizza, Huge InfluenceB. New York City, Pizza CapitalC. Fashionable Museums Appear in AmericaD. Pizza Museum Meets More Than the TongueCIf we want a fair shot at transitioning to renewable energy, well need one critical thing: technologies that can change electricity from wind and sun into a chemical fuel for storage and vice versa (反之亦然). Commercial devices that do this exist, but most are costly and perform only half of the expectation. Now, researchers have created small lab-scale devices that do both jobs. If larger versions work as well, they would help make it possibleor at least more affordableto run the world on renewables.The market for such technologies has grown along with renewables: In 2020, solar and wind provided just 0.8% of all power in the United States: in 2020, that number was 8%, according to the U. S. Energy Information Administration. But the demand for electricity often doesnt match the supply from solar and wind. In sunny California, for example, solar panels regularly produce more power than needed in the middle of the day, but none at night, after most workers and students return home.Some companies are beginning to install massive rows of batteries in hopes of storing extra energy and balancing the financial sheet. But batteries are costly and store only enough energy to back up the power system for a few hours at most. Another option is to store the energy by transforming it into hydrogen fuel. Devices called electrolyzers (电解器) do this by using electricityideally from solar and wind powerto break down water into oxygen and hydrogen gas, a carbon-free fuel. A second set of devices called fuel cells can then transform that hydrogen back to electricity to power cars, trucks, and buses, or to feed it to the power system. But commercial electrolyzers and fuel cells use different catalysts (催化剂) to speed up the two reactions, meaning a single device can t do both jobs. The researchers must conquer this.“They did a really good job with that.” says Sossina Haile, a chemist at Northwestern University in Evanston. Still, she holds a cautious view that both her new device and the one from the OHayre lab are small laboratory demonstrations. For the technology to have a societal impact, researchers will need to scale up the button-size devices, a process that typically reduces performance.28. What can we learn about the new device from the first paragraph?A. Its universal use remains to be seen.B. It is more expensive but more practical.C. It can transform more renewable energy.D. It is the most advanced around the world.29. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The rapid development of American technologies.B. The potential market for energy transformation technologies.C. The history of energy transformation technologies.D. The lack of power in California.30. What may the researchers focus on next?A. Lessening costly batteries.B. Increasing the efficiency of the two reactions.C. Looking for one shared catalysts for the two reactions.D Breaking down water into a carbon-free fuel without using electricity.31. What is Hailes attitude to the future of the new device?A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Critical. D. Cautious.DIt is a question that has long puzzled scientistsexactly why are tigers orange? One might think it makes them more obvious-particularly against a leafy green forest background. William Blake summed it up in his famous poem known by generations of schoolchildren: “Tyger, tyger, burning bright /In the forest of the night.” But now the answer is at hand.While obvious to us, computer simulations (模拟) of what the big cats look to the main animals they hunt for, deer, show a different picture. Humans with normal colour vision, can see red, blue and green colours. But deer can only pick up blue and green light, they are effectively colourblind to the colour red, like some humans. It means the tigers orange colouration looks green to them, allowing them to mix perfectly into the background, new research claims.Dr John Fennell at the University of Bristol and colleagues said that they used computers to estimate how noticeable a given animal was. They did this by using images of the environment in which the animal lives, and then creating images to see whether the camouflage helps the animal to mix in.Dr Fennell writes that by simulating what the world looks like to animals who are “two-colour vision”someone who cannot discover the difference between red and green“we also identify the most suitable colours for hiding and visibility”.Dr Fennell writes in the Royal Society Journal Inter face: “Considering the coat of a tiger, it has fur that appears orange to a three-colour vision observer rather than some shade of green, though the latter should be more appropriate color for an attack hunter in forests. However, when viewed as a two-colour vision observer, the tigers colour is very effective.”The question then arises as to why tigers dont grow green coats. Dr Fennell and colleagues write that mammals (哺乳动物) are not able to produce green fur. To do so would “require a significant change to mammalian biochemistry”. There is only one mammal known to have green fur but this is achieved through what might be considered as, well, cheating, not exactly real.32. Why does the author mention the poem in paragraph 1?A. To arouse reader s interest in poems.B. To show the authors respect to the poet.C. To answer the question of the color of the tigerD. To stress the noticeable color of the tiger to us.33. What color is inexistent in the eyes of deer?A. Black. B. Red. C. Blue. D. Green.34. What does the underlined word “camouflage” mean in paragraph 3?A. The cover of something.B. The images of something.C. The way of hiding something.D. The way of hunting for something.35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The colour of tigers sometimes cheats people.B. Getting green may prevent tigers from being extinct.C. There are no mammals with real green fur in the world.D. The tigers fur will probably evolve into green in the future.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Food will become healthier and the food choices will become smarter and promote healthy eating once your kitchen is well organized. 36 . They also give you a head start to start establishing a kitchen that encourages you to eat quality food.Keep fresh spices and herbs within reachable distance. When you add fresh herbs to your food, you can make it not only healthy but also delicious, which will help you in actively avoiding unhealthy foods like salt, butter, etc. These foods are known to raise the delicious-ness. This is why it is hard for us to let it go initially. 37 , it becomes much easier to form good eating habits.Keep all your healthy items close at hand. Place all the low-calorie snacks easy to reach so that your first response is to grab something healthy when you have a hunger pang. 38 . They can be accessed only when you are facing extreme desire. This way, you can avoid the evil thought of grabbing one every time you enter the storeroom.Keep all your small appliances (电器) handy. 39 , chances are that they will end up at the back of the cabinet, never to be used again. Bring out all your small appliances like a juicer that has been eating dirt in your storage cupboards.40 . Remove all the items from the fridge and clean it properly. You can also organize it in such a way that all your healthy food and produce are in the front and the other items are at the back.A. Keep your fridge organizedB Make your fridge easy to cleanC. You can also add an iPad station in the kitchenD. These ideas will be helpful in better organizing your kitchenE. But once there are tastier and healthier alternatives within reachF. When you have to put in far too much effort to locate the small itemsG. You can also hide all your chocolates in a place where they are not visible to you第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Last year, I went through every high school seniors nightmare: I was 41 by all the colleges I applied to. Its not that I was a bad 42 . So when I got turned down, I got into a 43 . I thought there was only one path to 44 , and I wasnt on it. While all my friends had many choices, I was left 45 what future I could have.When my panic 46 , I signed in a community college. I wasnt 47 . I thought the incompetent teachers 48 their students sleep in class. I was so wrong. The 49 of my professors were so poetic, and my classmates were 50 they could figure out kinds of difficult things.I decided to give myself a year of 51 . Aside from required courses, I 52 a range of classes. I know it seems like some 53 classes, but it allowed me to 54 what I want. I used to have this idea that I had to rush to 55 a certain level of success by a certain age. But a year of community college has taught me to 56 , and to recognize that things take time to 57 . I still hope to transfer to a four-year 58 next year, but now I am a more mature person.Being around the 59 has made me realize that Im not late 60 . Theres more than one way to get to where you want to go.41. A. accused B. praised C. accepted D. refused42. A. student B. teacher C. headmaster D. colleague43. A. mess B. panic C. trouble D. dilemma44. A. aspiration B. progress C. success D. destruction45. A. facing B. predicti