湖北省孝感市2020高考英语语法填空和阅读理解暑假练习（10）

湖北省孝感市2020高考英语语法填空和阅读理解暑假练习（10）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Most mornings, the line begins to form at dawn: scores of silent women with babies on their backs, buckets balanced on their heads, and in each hand a bright-blue plastic jug. On good days, they will wait less than an hour before a water tanker goes across the dirt path that serves as a road in Kesum Purbahari, a slum on the southern edge of New Delhi. On bad days, when there is no electricity for the pumps, the tankers dont come at all. “That water kills people,” a young mother named Shoba said one recent Saturday morning, pointing to a row of pails filled with thick, caramel (焦糖)-colored liquid.“Whoever drinks it will die.”The water was from a pipe shared by thousands of people in the poor neighborhood. Women often use it to wash clothes and bathe their children, but nobody is desperate enough to drink it.There is no standard for how much water a person needs each day, but experts usually put the minimum at fifty litres. The government of India promises (but rarely provides) forty. Most people drink two or three litresless than it takes to wash a toilet. The rest is typically used for cooking and bathing. Americans consume between four hundred and six hundred litres of water each day, more than any other people on earth. Most Europeans use less than half that. The women of Kesum Purbahari each hoped to drag away a hundred litres that daytwo or three buckets worth. Shoba has a husband and five children, and that much water doesnt go far in a family of seven, particularly when the temperature reaches a hundred and ten degrees before noon. She often makes up the difference with bottled water, which costs more than water delivered any other way. Sometimes she just buys milk; its cheaper. Like the poorest people everywhere, the people of New Delhis slums spend a far greater percentage of their incomes on water than anyone lucky enough to live in a house connected to a system of pipes.1 The underlined word “slum” most likely means _.A. a villageB. a small townC. an area of a town with badly-built, over-crowded buildingsD. the part of a town that lacks water badly2. Sometimes the water tanker doesnt come because _.A. the weather is badB. there is no electricityC. there is no waterD. people dont want the dirty water3. A person needs at least _ litres of water a day.A. a hundred B. four hundred C. forty D. fifty4. Which of the following statements is wrong?A. a hundred litres of water a day is enough for Shobas familyB. Americans uses the largest amount of water each dayC. in Kesum Purbahari milk is cheaper than bottled waterD. Shoba has a family of seven people5. The passage mainly tells us _.A. how women in Kesum Purbahari gets their waterB. how much water a day a person deedsC. that India lacks water badlyD. how India government manages to solve the problem of water【参考答案】15、CBDAC新闻报道型阅读理解专题导读时事新闻类阅读材料在近年高考中屡屡涉及。这类材料往往语言地道、内容较新。阅读材料的组成有一个共同的特点，即都是由标题(Headlines)、导语(Introductions)、背景(Background)、主体(Main body)和结尾(Ends)五部分构成。此类文章主题突出，文章的第一句话或第一段往往就是对整篇文章的高度概括，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。此类阅读材料的命题在新闻背景和主体部分设题较多，有时可能会省去一两个部分，要求考生依据五个部分之间的必然联系去推知未知的要素。要想做好时事新闻类阅读理解题，考生必须要善于捕捉新闻细节，根据问题善于找到相关句并能分析理解长难句，善于根据上下文猜测单词、短语的含义，善于归纳、概括、推理、判断及简单计算。真题典例【2020四川卷改编】The multimillion pound new Library of Birmingham(LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life.Set to open in 2020, the 188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.As digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea，the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles, the LoB project director，says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“The aim is tomix the physical with the digital, providing 24hour services which can be used through many different ways.It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟的)LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists.Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.Two other small Birminghambased digital companies are also working on the LoB projects.Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project.It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development.And The Peoples Archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open to citizens as never before.”()1.The underlined part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of_.Athe equipmentBthe projectCthe digital media Dthe physical library()2.According to the passage, what makes the difference between the digital library and the physical one?Athe physical library offers a place where readers get information about physics.Bthe digital library will be used through many more effective ways on line.Cthe physical library is more realistic than the digitalthe virtual one.Dthe physical library will never make the content and services open to citizens.()3.While visiting the Virtual LoB，the public can_.Aget a general idea of the LoBBmeet many worldfamous expertsClearn how to put up a library buildingDunderstand how the specialists work on the project()4.Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens?aIt offers better learning tools.bIt reaches users in different ways.cIt provides users with smart phones.dIt allows users to enrich its material.eIt gives nonstop physical and digital services.Aa，b，d Ba，c，eCb，c，d Db，d，e()5.The text is most probably taken from_.Aa computer bookBa library guideCa project handbookDa newspaper report【解析】本篇文章为新闻报道类文体。文章报道了Library of Birmingham(伯明翰图书馆)将会被投巨资改建成一个全新的数字化图书馆的事情。1B词义猜测题。通过分析第三段画线单词所在的句子，可知its(它的)指代的是主句中的主语“这个工程的”，its idea便是指the idea of the project。2B推理判断题。通过分析第四段it is about giving people the right tools for learning . which can be used through many different ways.得知答案为B3A信息理解题。根据第六段第二句“Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.”可知答案为A。4A信息理解题。根据第四段“it is about giving people the right tools for learning”， “which can be used through many different ways”及第七段“in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material”可知。5D推理判断题。文章首段便简明地概括了文章主题，全文较明显地体现了及时性，这是新闻类文体的典型特征，据此可判断文章应来源于一篇新闻报道。【陕西省西北工业大学附属中学2020第六次模拟】阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。This place was darker than I expected, and, in spite of the rain, dirtier. Used to the life of rural Puerto Rico(波多黎各), I had to adjust to the similarly arranged, aggressive two-dimensionality of New York. Everywhere I looked, my eyes met gray and brown straight-edged buildings with sharp corners and deep shadows. Every few blocks there was a cement(水泥) playground surrounded by chain-link fence.A girl came out of the building next door, a jump rope in her hand, and she hopped over. “Are you Hispanic?” she asked. “No, Im Puerto Rican.” “Same thing. Puerto Rican, Hispanic. Thats what we are here.” She skipped a tight circle, stopped abruptly, and shoved the rope in my direction. “Want a turn?”“Sure.” I hopped on one leg, then the other. “So, if youre Puerto Rican, they call you Hispanic?”“Yeah. Anybody who speaks Spanish.”I jumped a circle, as she had done, but faster. “You mean, if you speak Spanish, youre Hispanic?”“Well, yeah. No . . . I mean your parents have to be Puerto Rican or Cuban or something.”“Okay, your parents are Cuban, lets say, and youre born here, but you dont speak Spanish. Are you Hispanic?”“I guess so,” she finally said. “It has to do with being from a Spanish country. I mean, you or your parents, like, even if you dont speak Spanish, youre Hispanic, you know?” She looked at me uncertainly. But I didnt know. Id always been Puerto Rican, and it hadnt occurred to me that in New York Id be someone else.Later, I asked. “Are we Hispanics, Mami?” “Yes, because we speak Spanish.” “But a girl said you dont have to speak the language to be Hispanic.” “What girl? Where did you meet a girl?” “Outside. She lives in the next building.” “Who said you could go out to the sidewalk? This isnt Puerto Rico. Something could happen to you.”I listened to Mamis lecture with depressed eyes and the necessary respect. But inside, I quaked. Two days in New York, and Id already become someone else. It wasnt hard to imagine that greater dangers lay ahead.49. The first paragraph suggests that the author experienced New York as .A. mysterious and unknowable B. regular and depressingC. orderly and appealing D. impressive and dangerous50. For the author, being considered Hispanic represents .A. a restriction to be overcome B. an opportunity for self-redefinitionC. the loss of her former identity D. an unavoidable result of movement to a new place51. The mother refers to “Puerto Rico” in order to impress upon the author that .A. she should not miss her birthplace B. New Yorkers may not like newcomersC. different rules apply to life in New York D. life was more restricted in Puerto Rico52. The authors mood can best be described asA. angry and confused B. fearful and uncertainC. excited but lonely D. worried and resistant【参考答案】阅读理解49-52 BCCB语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】Mum(putting on her coat): I am going to have to go down to the shop for more bread.Alan: Why?Mum: Im not sure what _1_(happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table_2_I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because theyre_3_(go)Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. Im sure he was in the kitchen_4_(early)Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished_5_(make) them, so he couldnt have done it._6_，he couldnt carry a plate of sandwiches as well as his tennis stuff, so Im