湖南省益阳市2020届高考英语专题复习 完形技巧学案（无答案）

完形技巧考纲解读高考命题综述,近几年高考英语新课标全国卷完形填空题旨在考查考生对语言的综合运用能力。命题所选材料来自于英语国家的主要报纸、杂志，语言地道，体现跨文化交际意识，符合考生的生活和经验、学习特点和认知水平，能激活考生的思维，并给考生较大的想象空间。它以语篇为单位，把单项填空和阅读理解的考查集于一身，既考查考生对词汇、语法、惯用法等的运用能力，也考查考生的逻辑思维、综合判断及分析理解能力。考情分析定位考点明确训练方向近三年新课标全国卷完形填空题的考查情况如下表：根据以上对新课标全国卷近三年的分析看，其特点如下：1篇幅小，起点高，题量大；2文体以夹叙夹议为主，兼顾对记叙文、说明文和议论文的考查；3文章第一句话一般不设题，以便学生尽快熟悉语境，推断文章主旨大意；4选项倾向于词语的语境辨析，以考查上下文语境为主。因此，对于完形填空题，应在掌握基础知识的前提下，有一套合理的解题策略，再加上适当的训练，对解题策略不断进行强化，以此来培养捕捉语境信息的能力以及语言的灵活运用能力。解题流程明析步骤强化解题思路做完形填空时，切忌边看短文边读答案，这样会脱离上下文语境，孤立地看句子，会导致误选的产生。根据完形填空这一特点，解答完形填空题应遵循以下流程： 无论解题流程如何，在解完形填空题时，最核心的问题有两点：一是紧扣文章主旨大意；二是把握上下文语境，瞻前顾后，整体把握全文，切忌仅凭语感做题。完形填空题旨在通过完整的语言环境，通过对上下文的理解来检验学生运用语言的综合能力，同时考查学生的逻辑推理能力和对比上下文的驾驭能力，因此考生除了掌握必要的词汇、语法、习惯搭配、文化常识等基础知识外，具有良好的解题技巧和习惯，也是提高解题能力的关键所在。下面从以下几点阐述完形填空的解题技巧。NO.1 利用文章首句，明确文章主旨大意典例1It was a rainy morning and the children, mainly boys with various learning difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be _36_， but in vain. My panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly. This was the _37_ of my job as a music teacher, I thoughtteaching was not for me. Then I had an idea. Hoping that no one would notice that I was _38_ inside, I threw my voice as far as it would reach：“Put your heads on the desks and close you eyes! We are going on a journey.”36A.glad Bsafe Ckind Dquiet37A.end Baim Crule Dplan38A.guessing Bshaking Cresponding DlaughingNO.2 利用上下文暗示解题完形填空在做题时要有整体观念，连贯性思维，要把每题空白处的含义与前后句联系起来，进行合乎逻辑的推理。所谓上下文，可能紧挨着的两句话，也可能开头的题目在尾段查找到信息；中间或最后的试题可能从上下文查到信息，信息常见的有词、短语、句子，但有时是语境暗示。典例2 I was _27_ to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such _28_. I would excitedly turn the tap _29_ and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that Id done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad.27A.annoyed Brelieved Cashamed Dpleased28A.joy Bsadness Ccourage Dpain29A.out Bover Cin Don典例3When Alice was sixteen, I was the one who wanted to run away from home. It was _16_ to see the changes coming over her. She skipped school, and refused to communicate. I tried being firm, but it didnt _17_. I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.16A.pleasant Bpainful Cunwise Dinspiring17A.remain Bmatch Cappear DworkNO.3 利用词义复现解题词义复现，不仅是同一个词，同义词、反义词、近义词都可能成为这种类型题目的解题关键点，而且这些词的存在可能隐藏比较深；上文可能暗示下文答案，下文可能暗示上文答案，甚至上下文信息相隔较远，因此要注意集中寻找这些暗示信息。典例4Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his _26_ and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK？”.After my graduation, Dads business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me _36_ my comb？” I looked at him a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink.26A.bag Bwallet Ccomb Dbrush36A.sharpen Brepair Cclean DkeepNO.4 利用行文逻辑解题逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连接成分，主要有：(1)词(包括连词、副词和少数介词)，如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等。(2)短语，如in other words, in addition, as a result, on the contrary, instead of等。(3)分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what is more, generally speaking等。在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项。典例5One of the easiest things in the world is to become a faultfinder. However, life can be _36_ when you are not busy finding fault with it.36A.lonely Bgreat Cquiet DuneasyNO.5 利用语法关联解题语法在完形中往往是通过对各类从句的引导词(关系词)进行考查的，因此，平时要熟练掌握引导词的用法，并善于分析较复杂的句子结构，这样才能正确作答。典例6.As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the late, looking at the house and dreaming of _22_ it would be like to live there.22A.which BWhy Cthat DwhatNO.6 利用固定搭配，生活文化常识解题典例7.The stories of his unconventional ideas and the exceptional patients he wrote about were so amazing to me and had such a big _38_ on how I saw life from then on.38A.strike Bpush Cchallenge Dimpact典例8One agent _17_ a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was _18_ our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look 19(at_least)17A.recommended Bdecorated Csold Drented18A.below Bwithin Cbeyond Dbetween归纳总结根据以上完形填空解题策略的分析与讲解，对完形填空题要注意以下几点：(1)不可忽视首尾句，首句及尾句是理解文章大意的关键，帮助学生迅速进入主题，建立正确思维；(2)依据全文大意以全文为背景，不可断章取义；(3)抓住上下文内容联系，瞻前顾后，融会贯通；(4)充分利用逻辑关系，不要忽略连接词、过渡词等关键信息；(5)必须将选项逐一排查，以免遗漏答案；(6)最后，必须全文通读以便查验答案是否使文意通顺，逻辑关系合理。2020课标全国卷My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “_41_ my job. Family to Feed.”At this store, a _42_ like this is not normal. My 10yearold noticed him and made a _43_ on how bad it must be to have to stand _44_ in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to _45_ something they thought our “friend” there would _46_. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17yearold suggested giving him a _47_. I thought about it. We were _48_ on cash ourselves, but. well, sometimes _49_ from our need instead of our abundance is _50_ what we need to do! All the kids _51_ something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of _52_， he lit up and thanked us with _53_ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _54_ his family might need, he burst into tears.This has been a wonderful _55_ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can _56_！ Things would have played out so _57_ if I had simply said, “No, we really dont have _58_ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in _59_， it also gave my kids the _60_ taste of helping others. Itll go a long way with them.41. A.Lost BChanged CQuit DFinished42. A.condition Bplace Csight Dshow43. A.suggestio