（新课标）2020高考英语大二轮提分练 考前冲刺卷（二）

（新课标）2020高考英语大二轮提分练 考前冲刺卷（二）选择题部分第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AElizabeth Garrett Anderson was born on 9 June,1836，in Whitechapel，East London.She was expected to marry well and live the life of a lady.However，meetings with the feminist(女权主义者) Emily Davies and Elizabeth Blackwell，the first American woman physician，convinced Elizabeth Garrett that she should become a doctor.This was unheard of at that time and her attempts to study at a number of medical schools were refused.She enrolled(入学) as a nursing student at Middlesex Hospital and attended classes for male doctors，but was driven out after complaints from other students.As the Society of Apothecaries did not specifically forbid women from taking its examinations，in 1865 she passed their exams and gained a certificate which enabled her to become a doctor.The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession this way.In 1866，she set up a clinic for women in London，thanks to her fathers backing；in 1870 she was made a visiting physician to the East London Hospital.There she met James Anderson，a successful businessman，who she married in 1871.In 1872，Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London，staffed entirely by women.She appointed her spiritual guide，Elizabeth Blackwell，as a professor there.Andersons efforts paved the way for other women，and in 1876 an act was passed permitting women to enter the medical professions.In 1883，Anderson was appointed to manage the London School of Medicine for Women，which she had helped to found in 1874.It was the first medical school in Britain to train women as doctors.Anderson，Britains first female doctor，retired in 1902.Six years later，she became the mayor(市长) of Aldeburgh，the first female mayor in England.Anderson died on 17 December,1917.语篇解读本文是记叙文。文章介绍了伊丽莎白加勒特安德森是英国第一位女医生，也是英国第一位女市长。1Why did the Society change its rules?ATo provide certificates for women.BTo forbid women to take its exams.CTo offer programs to train women doctors.DTo encourage women to attend medical schools.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As the Society of Apothecaries did not specifically forbid women from taking its examinations.”和“The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession this way.”可推知，该协会修改规定是为了禁止女性参加考试。2What was Andersons fathers attitude to her career?ASupportive. BDoubtful.CSympathetic. DCritical.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 1866，she set up a clinic for women in London，thanks to her fathers backing”可知，安德森的父亲支持她的事业。3What did Anderson do after founding the New Hospital for Women?AShe married a successful businessman.BShe started a clinic for women in London.CShe learned at a hospital as a visiting physician.DShe helped create a school to train female doctors.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 1872，Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London”和倒数第二段中的“.the London School of Medicine for Women，which she had helped to found in 1874.It was the first medical school in Britain to train women as doctors.”可知，安德森在创立女性新医院之后，又协助创办了一所培训女医生的学校。B(2020山西太原一模)Even for a firsttime visitor to China，it is impossible to ignore the popularity of QuickResponse (QR) codes.These squareshaped blackandwhite symbols in WeChat or Alipay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.The QR code system originated in Japan.The engineer Masahiro Hara felt the limitation of the onedimension barcode(条形码) in use and thus developed the QR codes which could carry data horizontally and vertically.QR codes could hold much more information than barcode due to their extra dimension.In addition，QR codes have larger data capacity，smaller printout size and higher resistance to dirt and damage，which make them widely applied in many other applications.Though the technology of QR codes is complicated，we can easily create our own QR codes with the help of QR code generators，many of which are available online for free.Users could enter the data they wish the QR code to display，and the generator turns it into a symbol that can be printed or displayed in electronic form.The process of creating QR codes could be really fun when we customise the design of the codes according to our specific needs.For instance，we can adjust the color，add a logo，and create social options etc.Moreover，dynamic (动态的) QR codes are also available.They are more various than standard QR codes because they allow users to edit data entered previously whereas data in standard QR codes cannot be edited once printed.Plus，dont limit your QR code to one mobile scanner.Anyone can scan your code with any reader.A lower barrier to entry makes success more likely for you and the user.Meanwhile，we must also recognize the vulnerability of QR codes.Due to its easy access，criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own，routing cash into their own bank accounts.Hence，we should all become more conscious towards virtual money transactions through QR codes and participate in additional security measures.4Which of the following is NOT a function of QR codes?AData storage. BScanning reader.CSocial networking. DMobile payment.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“These squareshaped blackandwhite symbols in WeChat or Alipay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.”和第二段中的“In addition，QR codes have larger data capacity，smaller printout size and higher resistance to dirt and damage”可知，A、C、D项是二维码的功能，B项不是。故选B。5Which of the following best explains the underlined word “vulnerability” in Paragraph 4?AThreat. BWeakness.CDifficulty. DSimplicity.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“Due to its easy access，criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own，routing cash into their own bank accounts.(由于二维码方便获取，犯罪分子只需用自己的二维码替换二维码，将现金转入自己的银行账户就可以进行盗窃。)”可知，这一段是在讲二维码的缺点。由此可推知画线词的意思是“缺点”。故选B。6Which is true about QR codes according to the text?AThey were first used in China.BThe generators charge the users a lot.CData editing is possible in printed QR codes.DMore scanning devices are available in reading QR codes.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段最后三句可知，不要把你的二维码限制在一个移动扫描仪上。任何人都可以用任何阅读器扫描你的二维码。准入门槛越低，你和用户成功的可能性就越大。由此可推知，更多扫描设备可以读取二维码。故选D。CFairs and theme parks never seem to lose their attraction.My kids love them as much as I do.Not everyone will agree with me though.My wife is terrified of anything more exciting than the merrygoround.So why do I love Blackpools Big One while she goes white on hearing the word “rollercoaster(过山车)”？According to psychologists，it comes down to something called a “Type T” personality.Type Ts are thrillseekers who welcome the uncertainty of activities that most people would find hairraising.It seems some of us enjoy the physical sensations associated with fear：the adrenaline(肾上腺素) rush and the beating heart.Scary rides make us feel alive.Terrifying experiences encourage a sense of excitement once were back on solid ground though we only enjoy them，experts say，when were within a “protective frame” that assures us that deep down，were still safe.Recent research has found certain genes(基因) which may be responsible for those of us with Type T personalities.Biochemists have separated a gene called DRD4 which seems more common in rollercoaster lovers like me.New technologies have allowed engineers to design coasters that change speeds quickly，shoot up hundreds of feet into the air and make all sorts of twists.Research suggests that extreme fairground rides tend to appeal particularly to those of us who lead stressful，structured or controlled lives.Its certainly true that roller coasters are a way of breaking out of the humdrum(乏味的) expectations of everyday life.Theme parks allow us to act like children again，to experience true excitement and behave a little wildly.Where else as an adult can you scream at the top of your lungs and throw your arms in the air without being sent for psychological evaluation?If youre looking for a great place this summer where you can get in touch with your inner risktaker，head for the nearest theme park.Its a scream!7What can we learn about the authors wife?AShe gets excited easily.BShe fears extreme rides.CShe loves Blackpools Big One.DShe rarely disagrees with the author.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My wife is terrified of anything more exciting than the merrygoround.”可知，游乐场除旋转木马外，其他项目都让作者的妻子觉得害怕。8What do people with Type T personalities tend to do?APut their lives at risk.BStay energetic all the time.CAvoid the “protective frame”DEnjoy adventurous experiences.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Type Ts are thrillseekers who welcome the uncertainty of activities that most people would find hairraising.”可知，T型人格的人喜欢寻求刺激。9What has recent research revealed about the Type T personality?AIt is genetically determined.BIt is common among people.CIt is caused by living separately.DIt is a result of a physical disorder.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，T型人格由基因决定。10Whats the main reason why the author appreciates extreme fairground rides?AThey help relieve stress.BThey are technologically designed.CThey contribute to parentkid relationships.DThey are a replacement for psychological evaluation.答案A解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句可知，研究表明，生活压力大、受生活束缚的人更喜欢游乐场比较刺激的项目，作者对此表示认同，认为这些项目的确可以帮助人们摆脱单调的生活，释放自我。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It may not be the best way to go about meeting new people，but chat rooms are still among the most popular channels.Want to chat with a stranger now？ 11 ，after which，you need to keep the following rules in mind.12 .Details such as your phone number and home address or where you attend classes should remain personal.It is actually not a very good idea to share your last name with a stranger.Even if you feel you have met someone you really like and get along with，it is still necessary to withhold some important details.Be fun and chat about something personal.This doesnt mean giving away personal details，but you can share your life experiences and stories with strangers as long as you are both going with the flow.There is really no way you will manage to know the strangers better unless you both go beyond your hobbies. 13 .Remain in control at all times.There is really no obligation on you to continue with chats that scare you or make you uncomfortable. 14 .As soon as something annoys you，feel free to leave the chat.Let nobody force you into conversations you find inappropriate.Try not to download things from strangers. 15 ，but be careful that you dont get viruses or hacked by such downloads.You really cant be sure of who you are talking to，so be cautious about downloads.It is best that you stick to the channels of communication made available to you and also make sure that you have the right computer protection even when you download things.AChat rooms make it possible to share all manner of filesBAvoid sharing your personal details with random strangersCSo do not be afraid to get a little personal in your random chatsDAt night its not appropriate for teens to stay in chat rooms aloneEMany files with viruses are often purposefully spread on the websiteFThen you should start by finding a chat room reflecting your interestsGRemember you are chatting for fun and you should remain fully in control语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。进入聊天室与陌生人聊天是一种常见的娱乐方式，那么，如何在聊天的时候很好地保护自己呢？作者给我们提出了一些非常实用的建议。11答案F解析根据空前的问题和空后的半句可以看出，空处既要与前面的问题衔接，又要跟后面半句形成先后关系，故F项“那你应该先找到一个你感兴趣的聊天室”承上启下，符合语境。12答案B解析本空位于段首，是本段的主题句。本段讲的是隐私保护，而B项也是关于保护隐私的，再从选项的结构看，B项与其他段落的主题句一样，都是祈使句。故选B。13答案C解析根据本空所在段落的主题句可以看出，这一段讲的是可以适当涉及个人方面的信息，而C项在含义上与本段的主题相同，且有主题句中的关键词personal。故选C。14答案G解析本空所在段落的主题句讲的是要一直控制好整个聊天的过程，而G项的内容和关键词remain fully in control符合本段的主题。故选G。15答案A解析本段讲的是尽量不要下载陌生人发送的文件以及下载时应注意的一些问题，空后是but引出的一个并列分句，因此本空所填内容应与后面的分句构成转折关系，A项在内容上符合条件。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2020辽宁抚顺高三一模)In one of my college classes，we were required to do an act of kindness.My project included 16 lunch for an elderly person.When I 17 the elderly person with the food I cooked，it never 18 to me that it would result in a new friendship and the discovery of a 19 .The person I visited was Bill，who was unable to 20 much.A nurse came regularly to help him move to and from the wheelchair because he has no 21 .Bill said he was delighted to see me and it was a 22 for him to eat a meal with me because he usually eats 23 .He said the food was great，but he enjoyed having 24 even more than the food.Bill had had a 25 life when working on the railroad and had many 26 stories to tell about his travels to many places.I was 27 a trip because of his stories.I had once 28 about traveling by train.However，I would 29 be going by train after meeting Bill.Perhaps the biggest 30 of this project was that I suddenly realized that I am 31 of working with the elderly.Spending time with them was funthey have so much life experience to 32 .On the one hand，I am a good 33 .On the other hand，older people want someone to know their inner world，so it is a perfect 34 .I decided to focus my studies on the 35 .Hopefully in the future，I will work with them to help even more people like Bill.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者读大学时，偶然的一次课题实践让作者确定了自己未来的职业方向。16A.buying BdeliveringCpacking Dpreparing答案D解析根据下文“When I the elderly person with the food I cooked”可知我的课题是为一位老人准备午餐。buy买；deliver发表；pack包装；prepare准备，故选D。17A.called on Bcame acrossCpicked up Dturned to答案A解析句意为：当我拿着我做好的午餐去拜访老人的时候，我从来没有想到这会给我带来一段新的友谊，并让我发现了将来适合我的职业。call on拜访；come across偶然遇到；pick up捡起；turn to转向，故选A。18A.happened BappealedCoccurred Dproved答案C解析参见上题解析。it never occurs/occurred to sb. that.某人从没想过。19A.travel plan Bcareer pathCholiday destination Dcooking skill答案B解析我从来没想过这会给我带来一段新的友谊，并让我发现了将来适合我的职业。career path职业道路，符合语境。20A.talk BeatCsit Dwalk答案D解析根据下文“A nurse came regularly to help him move to and from the wheelchair”可知Bill行动不便，不能走太多路。故选D。21A.money BrelativesCneighbours Dtime答案B解析上文说护士定期帮他上下轮椅，由此可推知Bill没有亲戚。故选B。22A.treat BfancyCprivilege Dwaste答案A解析Bill说他很高兴见到我，他说和我一起吃饭对他来说是一种款待。treat款待，特别待遇。故选A。23A.slowly BlittleCalone Dunhappily答案C解析上文说他没有亲戚，所以他一定经常独自吃饭。alone独自，单独。故选C。24A.family BcompanyCfun Dhealth答案B解析他说食物很棒，但他更喜欢有人陪伴(company)。故选B。25A.painful BhopefulCpeaceful Dcolorful答案D解析根据下文可知Bill在铁路工作，他肯定有着丰富多彩的生活。故选D。26A.adventurous BfreshCabsorbing Dsatisfying答案C解析因为在铁路上工作，肯定要去很多地方旅行，所以他就有许多吸引人的故事要讲。absorbing吸引人的，引人入胜的。27A.intending BpretendingCallowing Drequiring答案A解析因为他的故事，我打算进行一次旅行。intend打算，想要；pretend假装；allow允许；require要求，命令。故选A。28A.argued BhesitatedCthought Dcared答案B解析根据下文“However，I would be going by train after meeting Bill.”可知我曾经犹豫是否乘火车旅行。hesitate(对某事)犹豫，迟疑不决。29A.unbelievably BundoubtedlyCunexpectedly Dunhurriedly答案B解析然而，我在见过Bill之后，肯定会坐火车去旅行。unbelievably难以置信地；undoubtedly确实地，毋庸置疑地；unexpectedly出乎意料地；unhurriedly不慌不忙地。故选B。30A.aim BimpressionCproblem Dbonus答案D解析进行课题研究一定会收获什么，此处作者想表达的是这次课题最大的意外收获是他发现自己喜欢跟老年人在一起。下文“Spending time with them was fun”也给出了提示。bonus意外收获，额外好处，符合语境。31A.aware BproudCfond Dcertain答案C解析参见上题解析。be fond of喜欢。32A.share BdiscussCtreasure Dgain答案A解析和他们在一起很有趣他们有很多生活经验可以分享。故选A。33A.student BcookClearner Dlistener答案D解析结合语境及选项可知，此处意为“我是一个好的倾听者”。故选D。34A.choice BdealCmatch Dgame答案C解析另一方面，老年人也希望有人了解他们的内心世界，所以这是一个完美的匹配。故选C。35A.old BpoorCdisabled Dhomeless答案A解析根据下文“Hopefully in the future，I will work with them to help even more people like Bill.”一句可知，这里意思是我决定研究老年人。故选A。非选择题部分第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinas first artificial intelligence(AI) textbook for high school students 36. (bring) out last week，following a plan by central government 37. (include) AI courses in primary and secondary school.The ninechapter textbook,38. (name) “Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence”，was written by outstanding 39. (scholar) from wellknown schools nationwide，under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and AI start up SenseTime.It includes the history of AI and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition，auto driving and public security.“The textbook focuses not only on basics of AI，but on 40. (practice) use of AI in daily life，” said Chen Yukun，a professor at East China Normal University,41. is also a contributor to the book.Up till now，about 40 high schools across the country 42. (undertake) the task of being the first group of AI high education pilot program 43. introducing the textbook in the curriculum.“The AI sector is facing a talent shortage 44. (global)The publication of the book is 45. breakthrough as it takes AI technology out of the ivory tower and makes it part of high school learning，” said Lin Dahua，a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.36答案was brought解析考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据表示过去的时间状语last week可知，此处要用一般过去时；主语textbook是单数，与bring out“出版”是被动关系，故用被动语态，且谓语用单数形式。37答案to include解析考查非谓语动词。这里是不定式作后置定语，用来说明被修饰词plan的内容。38答案named解析考查非谓语动词。name“给命名”与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。39答案scholars解析考查名词单复数。定语from wellknown schools nationwide说明编写者是来自国内著名学校的不止一位学者，故用scholar的复数形式。40答案practical解析考查词性转换。空处修饰名词use，应用形容词形式，故填practical。41答案who解析考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，且先行词指人，空处在从句中作主语，故只能用who。42答案have undertaken解析考查时态和主谓一致。时间状语Up till now表示“直到现在”，常与现在完成时连用。且句子主语是复数形式，故填have undert