高考新题型阅读简3

高考新题型阅读简答题-解题技巧探讨,答题要求和评分标准,简答题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上，用正确简洁的语言回答问题。在评分时同时考虑内容和语言。给分标准2/3分-答出全部内容，语言正确；1/1.5分-答出部分内容，语言正确;0分没有答对问题。扣分标准1、语言错误扣0.5分，每题语言错误扣分不超过0.5分（标点和大小写错误忽略不计）。2、涉及无关内容者扣0.5分；若答案中有互相矛盾的内容，则内容互相矛盾的部分皆不得分；3、整句原封不动照搬，扣0.5分。4、所给答案超过规定词数扣0.5分。,Assessment,EXAMPLE,JoeTemplershouldhaveknownbetter:afterall,heworksforalargeauto-insurancecompany.Itwonthurttoleavethekeyinthetruckthisonce,hethought,ashefilledhisgastankataself-servicegasstation.Butmomentslater,ashewaspayingthemoney,hesawthetruckbeingdrivenaway.In1987,1.6millionmotorvehicleswerestolenintheUnitedStatesoneevery20seconds.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,expertspredictannualvehicletheftscouldexceedtwomillionbytheendofthedecade.Vehicletheftisacommonphenomenon,whichhasadirectimpactonoverfourmillionvictimsayear.Thecostisastonishing.Manypoliceofficialsblameprofessionalthievesforthehighvolumeofthefts.Itisamajormoney-makerfororganizedcrime.Typically,stolencarsaretakentopiecesandthepartssoldtoindividuals.Butasmanyas200,00carsaresmuggledoutofthecountryeveryyear.MostgotoLatinAmerica,theMiddleEastandEurope.Onlyabout15percentcartheftsresultinarrest,becausefewpolicedepartmentsroutinelyconductin-depthauto-investigations.Whenthievesarearrested,judgeswilloftensentencethemtoprobation(缓刑),notimmediatelyputtheminprisonbecausetheprisonsareovercrowdedwithviolentcriminals.OneexceptionisaMichiganprogramthatassigns92policeofficerstoworkfull-timeonthestates65,000cartheftcasesayear.Since1986,whentheeffortbegan,thestatesauto-theftratehasfallenfromsecondinthenationtoninth.Howcanyouprotectyourcar?Ifyouliveinahigh-theftareaordriveanexpensivemodel,considerasecuritysystem.Itmaycostanywherefrom$25to$1,000.Somesystemsengageautomaticallysimplyremovingthekeydisablesthefuelpumpandthestarter.Whencarsareequippedwithsuchsystems,theftsmaydropbyone-third.Insomestates,youmaybeabletouseadevicethattransmitsradiosignals,allowingstolencarstobetrackedbypolice.,(81)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(nomorethan10words)(82)WhatdoestheauthorthinkJoeTemplershouldbeblamedfor?(nomorethan10words),A.VehicletheftintheUSA.B.AboutthecarstolenprobleminUnitedStates.C.ThepassagesaysaboutthehighvehicletheftinAmerican.D.thefts./AsocialproblemoftheUnitedStates.,CartheftintheU.S.,(81)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?,2,1.5,1.5,0,theft,the,tells,rateof,America,(82)WhatdoestheauthorthinkJoeTemplershouldbeblamedfor?,A.Leavinghiskeyinthetruck.B.Heshouldhavenotlefthiskeyinthetruck.C.Heforgothiskeyinthecarandhedidntbuyasecuritysystem.D.Himself.,Hiscarelessness./Leavinghiskeyinthetruck.,2,1.5,0.5,0,left,常见错误,-Youvefoundthesourceoftheanswerbutyoumakegrammarorspellingmistakesoryoudontmeettherequirements.,Discussion,Whatproblemsdoyouoftencomeacross?,应试方法与技巧,以what开头的问句:,名词性的短语或从句，一般为名词、动词不定式、动名词、主语从句、表语从句或宾语从句：,以why开头的问句：,一般要用原因状语或者原因状语从句来回答，常用because或者becauseof来开头。或者to动词不定式来回答,以how开头的问句：,以how开头的问句一般要么表程度，要么表方式。在简答题中极少表程度的意思，所以我们只考虑表方式的情况。在回答How开头的问句时，我们一般都通过表方式的介词by或者through来开头。,以when开头的问句：,在回答的时候要用时间状语或者时间状语从句回答。常用来开头的连词有when,介词有at,on,in,before,between,after,during等等,以where开头的问句：,在回答的时候要用地点状语或者地点状语从句来回答.常用来开头的连词有where,介词有at,in,on等。,1.WhatmadeMrs.Blacksoannoyed?（nomorethan8words）,-Allherroseshavingbeenstolen.,-Thatallherroseshadbeenstolen.,ClosestAnswer:,Source:,Allherroseshavebeenstolen.,2.Whywashelate?(nomorethan10words),Source：Thefactthathewascaughtinthetrafficjammightexplainhisbeinglate,ClosestAnswer:,Becausehewascaughtinthetrafficjam.或者Becauseofthetrafficjam.,3.WhydoesTerryusethesuntanlotion?(nomorethan10words）-Protectinghisskin.-Heisinthesunallday.,-Toprotecthisskin.,-Becauseheis.,II.缩写长句以符合规定词数,1.把定语从句改为非谓语动词或介词短语或名词做定语。-Whatkindofstudentscansucceed?(nomorethan7words）-Thosewhoarealwaysworkinghardandhaveproperwaysofstudyingoftensucceed.,Thoseworkinghardwithproperstudyingways.,2.把状语从句改为非谓语动词,Somenewregulationshavebeenworkedoutinorderthatthestudentstimeforexercisewillbeguaranteed.-Whyhavesomenewregulationsbeenworkedout?(nomorethan5words）,-Toguaranteestudentsexercisetime.,3.把被动语态变为主动语态或反之。,4.省略定、状、补,Morethanahalfmillionvolunteersaretakingpartinaninternationalmovementtocombtheshorelinesoftheworldforcigarettebutts,bottlecapsandanyotherrubbishtheycanfind.-Whatsthemainideaofthepassage?(nomorethan6words）,Volunteersarecombingtheworldsshorelines.,5.将of所有格改成s所有格。,6.简化短语：allofasuddenonceinawhilemorethaninahurrytoonessurprisewitheasebepopularwithbeofgreatimportancepayavisittomakeananswer/decision,suddenly,occasionally/sometimes,over,hurriedly,surprisingly,easily,enjoypopularity,beimportant,visit,answer/decide,III.文章的标题和大意,通常是一个词或者词组：（概括性、醒目性、针对性）,找主题句通常在第一段段首或最后一段，且常常首尾呼应。有时是一个疑问句。常具有语法上的独立性。,ScientistsatWork,Humor,2007年湖南高考英语阅读简答题阅读下面短文，根据第73至第75小题的具体要求，简要回答问题。Thenorthmagneticpole(磁极)isnolongeraresidentofCanada.IthasdriftedacrosstheCanadianArcticandisnowanglingtowardSiberia.NottobeconfusedwiththegeographicNorthPolethenorthernextremityoftheEarthsaxis(地轴),thenorthmagneticpole(wheretheEarthsmagneticfieldisdirecteddownward)ismovingduetonaturalchangesintheEarthsmagneticfield,aprocessthatoriginatesabout3,000kilometersbelowourfeet,intheoutercore（核心）oftheplanet.Butscientistsarenownoticingthatthemagneticpolehaspickedupitspace.Overthepastcentury,thepolehasbeenmigratingatanaveragespeedofabout10kilometersperyear,saysLarryNewitt,headofGeomagneticLaboratoryatNaturalResourcesCanadainOttawa.Sincethe1970s,thisspeedhasincreasedtoabout50kilometersperyear.Scientistsarewonderingwhythespeedisincreasing,saysNewitt.OneHypothesis(假说)relatesitto“magneticjerks”,suddenshifts(变化)intherateofchangeofthemagneticfield.Therehavebeenthreejerksinthepastfourdecades,eachonecorrelatingtoanincreaseinspeed.Ifthenorthmagneticpolecontinuesatitscurrentrate,itcouldreachSiberiaby2056.“Formostofrecordedhistory,thepolehasbeenapartofCanada,andnowitsnot,”saysNewitt.“Itmaybeablowtoourcollectivepsyche,butotherthanthat,itdoesnthaveamajoreffectonmostpeoplesexistence.,Thenorthmagneticpole,thenorthmagneticpole,magneticpole,the,thenorthmagneticpole,75.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?（回答词数不超过8个）,Thenorthmagneticpoleismovingfaster.,Practice,Cultureshockissonamedbecauseoftheeffectithasonpeoplewhentheyenteranewculture.Expertshavebeeninterestedintheseeffectsandhaveagreedonfivebasicstagesofcultureshock.Thesestagesaregeneralandshouldonlybeusedasareference.Noteveryindividualwillgothrougheachstage,andonestagemaylastlongerthatanotherfordifferentindividuals.Thehardestthingformosttravelerstodealwithistheemotional“rollercoaster”theyseemtoberiding.Onemomenttheyfeelverypositivetowardthenewculture,andthenextmomentverynegative.Itseemscommonthatinternationalvisitorsandimmigrantsvacillatebetweenlovingandhatinganewcountry.Feelingsofseparationandalienationcanbeintensifiediftheydonothaveasenseoffittinginorbelonging.Fatigueisanotherproblempeoplefacewhenenteringanewculture.Therecanbeasenseofagreaterneedforsleep.Thisisduenotonlytophysicaltiredness,butalsotomentalfatigue.Thismentalfatiguecomesfromstrainingtocomprehendthelanguage,andcopingwithnewsituations.Theimpactofcultureshockcanvaryfrompersontoperson.Therecanbesignificantdifferencesbecausesomepeoplemaybebetterpreparedtoenteranewculture.Fourfactorswhichplayintothesearepersonality,languageability,lengthofstay,andtheemotionalsupportreceived.Itislogicaltothinkthatwhenpeoplearedeprivedoftheirfamiliarsurroundingstheywillfeeldisoriented.