陕西省汉中市2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（31）

陕西汉中市2020高考英语（二轮）阅读理解选练（31）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Chinas new buzzword, tuhao, may be in next years Oxford English Dictionary.“If its influence continues, it is very likely to appear on our updated list of words, ”said Julie Kleeman, project manager with the editing team.In Chinese, tu means uncouth and hao means rich. It has traditionally been referred to rich people who throw their weight around in Chinas rural areas. In recent years, people borrowed the term to describe those who spend money in an irrational(没道理的)manner. The word gained credence in September with the launch of Apples new gold-colored iPhone, an item loved by Chinas rich people. The color became known as“tuhao gold. ”The word is now often used by the online community to refer to people who have the cash but lack the class to go with it.Kleeman also mentioned two other Chinese wordsdama and hukouwhich may also be taken in the dictionary. Hukou means household registration in Chinese and has been widely used.Dama, meaning middle-aged women, was first used in the Western media by the Wall Street Journal in May when thousands of Chinese women were buying up record number of gold. They were the driving force in the global gold market between April and June when the gold prices had slumped(下跌).“We have nearly 120 Chinese-linked words now in Oxford English Dictionary, ”she said. Some of them are: Guanxi, literally meaning“connection”, is the system of social networks and influential relationships which facilitate business and other dealings. Taikonaut is a mix of taikong, meaning outer space, and astronaut.The new words will be first uploaded on the official website before the dictionaries arrive. The online version is also renewed every three months. “It at least broke our old rules. It used to take 10 years to include a new word but now we keep the pace with the era, ”according to John Simpson.【文章大意】在近期一档关于中国热词的栏目播出后, “tuhao”一词引起了牛津英语词典编著者的关注。这个中国时髦热词“tuhao(土豪)”明年有望被收入牛津英语词典。1. What does“Tuhao”mean now?A. The rich who like iPhone made of gold.B. The people who have power in the countryside.C. The people who spend money reasonably.D. The rich who find no class to belong to.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段的The word isnow often used by the online community to refer to peoplewho have the cash but lack the class to go with it. 可知, tuhao指的是那些有钱但是没有阶层归属的人们。2. Why is the word“Dama”popular now?A. They bought gold in the global market.B. They are wealthy middle-aged women.C. They brought the gold prices down.D. They worked on the Wall Street.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段的when thousands of Chinese women were buying up record number of gold. They were the driving force in the global gold market可知, 大妈一词来自于购买国际市场上黄金的人们。3. Which word has already been in the Oxford English Dictionary?A. Tuhao. B. Taikonaut.C. Dama. D. Hukou.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的We have nearly 120 Chinese-linked words now in Oxford English Dictionary和Taikonaut is a mix of taikong, meaning outer space, and astronaut可知选B。4. According to John, the Oxford English Dictionary.A. updates its new version every three monthsB. takes 10 years to include a new word nowC. speeds up its acceptance of new wordsD. has its online version to collect new words【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段的It used to take 10 years to include a new word but now we keep the pace with the era可知, 现在牛津词典收录新词的速度快了。2020高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Electric cars are dirtyIn fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousinsPeople in California love to talk about “zero-emissions（排放）vehicles,” but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes fromPower plants mostly use fire to make itAside from the few folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators（发电机）Generators are fueled by something usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plantsThere are a few wind farms and geothermal（地热的）plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning somethingIn other words, those “zero-emissions” cars are likely coal-burning carsIts just because the coal is burned somewhere else , so it looks cleanIt is notIts as if the California greens are covering their eyes“If I cant see it, its not happening.” Gasoline is an unbelievably efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in itBut when you take that gas（or another fuel）and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heatat the generator, through the transmission lines, etcA gallon of gas may propel your car 25 milesBut the electricity you get from that gallon of gas wont get you nearly as far so electric cars burn more fuel than gas-powered onesIf our electricity came mostly from nukes, or geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be cleanBut for political, technical, and economic reasons, we dont use much of those energy sourcesIn addition, electric cars batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill（垃圾）and finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roadsWhen its a power plant, though, all the junk is in one placeNature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Electric cars are not clean at allB. Electric cars are better than gasoline-powered onesC. People have doubts about electric cars batteriesD. Gasoline is an effective way to power a vehicle2. The underlined words “ be clueless” mean_A. know nothing B. have confidence C. feel excited D. be pleased3. The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run _A. not less than 25 miles B. as far as 50 milesC. as far as 25 miles D. not more than 25 miles4. According to the passage, electric cars_A. are more environmentally friendlyB. burn more fuel than gas-powered onesC. are very good at cleaning upD. are poisonous for a long time参考答案14、AADB阅读理解。It was Saturday. As always, it was a busy one, for “Six days shall you labor and do all your work” was taken seriously back then. Outside, Father and Mr. Patrick next door were busy chopping firewood. Inside their own houses, Mother and Mrs. Patrick were engaged in spring cleaning.Somehow the boys had slipped away to the back lot with their kites. Now, even at the risk of having Brother caught to beat carpets , they had sent him to the kitchen for string(线). It seemed there was no limit to the heights to which kites would fly today.My mother looked at the sitting room, its furniture disordered for a thorough sweeping, A gun she cast a look toward the window. “Come on, girls! Lets take string to the boys and watch themOn the way we met Mrs. Patrick, laughing guiltily as if she were doing something wrong, together with her girls.There never was such a day for flying kited! We played all our fresh string into the boys kites and they went up higher and higher .We could hardly distinguish the orange-colored spots of the kites. Now and then we slowly pulled one kite back, watching it dancing up and down it the wind, and finally bringing it down to earth, just for the joy of sending it up again.Even our fathers dropped their tools and joined us. Our mothers took their turn, laughing like schoolgirls. I think we were all beside ourselves. Parents forgot their duty and their dignity; children forgot their everyday fights and little jealousies. “Perhaps its like this in the kingdom of heaven,” I thought confusedly.It was growing dark before we all walked sleepily back to house. I suppose we had some sort of supper. I suppose there must have been a surface tidying-up, for the house on Sunday looked clean and orderly enough. The strange thing was, we didnt mention that day afterward. I felt a little embarrassed .Surely none of the others had been as excited as I. I locked the memory up in that deepest part of me where we keep “the things that cannot be and yet they are.”The years went on, then one day I was hurrying about my kitchen in a city apartment, trying to get some work out of the way while my three-year-old insistently cried her desire to “go park ,see duck.”“I cant go!” I said. “I have this and this to do, and when Im through Ill be too tired to walk that for.”My mother , who was visiting us , looked up from the peas she was shelling ,“Its a wonderful day,” she offered，“Really warm , yet theres a fine breezy . Do you remember that day we flew kites?”I stopped in my dash between stove and sink. The looked door flew open and with it a rush of memories. “Come on.” I told my little girl. “Youre right, its too good a day to miss.”Another decade passed. We were in the aftermath (余波)of a great war. Allevening we had been asking our returned soldier, the youngest Patrick Boy, about his experiences as a prisoner of war. He had talked freely, but now for a long time he had been silent. What was he thinking of what dark and horrible things?“Say!” A smile slipped out from his lips. “Do you remember - no, of course you wouldnt. It probably didnt make the impression on you as it did on me.”I hardly dared speak. “Remember what?”“I used to think of that day a lot in POW camp(战俘营), when things werent too good. Do you remember the day we flew the kites?”( ) 1. Mrs. Patrick was laughing guiltily because she thoughtA. she was too old to fly kitesB. her husband would make fun of herC. she should have been doing her housework thenD. her girls werent supposed to play the boys game( ) 2. By” we were all beside ourselves”, the writer means that they all .A. felt confused B. went wild with joyC. looked on D. forgot their fights( ) 3. What did the writer think after the kite-flying?A. The boys must have had more fun than the girls.B. They should have finished their work before playing.C. Her parents should spend more time with them.D. All the others must have forgotten that day.( ) 4. Why did the writer finally agree to take her little girl for an outing?A. She suddenly remembered her duty as a mother.B. She was reminded of the day they flew kites.C. She had finished her work in the kitchen.D. She thought it was a great day to play outside.( ) 5. The youngest Patrick Boy is mentioned to show that _ .A. the writer was not alone in treasuring her fond memoriesB. his experience in POW camp threw a shadow over his lifeC. childhood friendship means so much to the writerD. people like him really changed a lot after the war【参考答案】1-5、CBDBA阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Increased use of the Internet and mobile phones is undermining pupils ability for independent study and promoting poor grammar, it was claimed.Cranfield School of Managementfound almostsix in ten schoolchildrenwere copying information directlyfrom websites for homework tasks withoutproperly reading it.More than a quarter thought it was an acceptable practice,even though they know it was considered plagiarism(剽窃).The study, based on a sample of around 260 pupils aged from 11 to 18 at a secondary school in the Midlands, raised concerns that modern technology was having a destructive effect on young people.Andrew Kakabadse, professor of international management development at Cranfield, said, “Our research shows that technology obsession(痴迷)prevents spelling skills, encourages plagiarism, and disturbs classroom learning. ”“Despite school policies restricting mobile phone usage, students use the phone frequently, with the majority making calls from the toilets. The mobile phone continues to be a main channel of social communication during the school day. ”The report revealed that so-called“text-speak”was increasingly finding it was into pupils school work.Three in ten students admit to using text message shortcuts, such as“r u ok”in essays and classroom tasks.It followed a study earlier this year that found almost half of the teachers failed to understand some pupils writing because it was so full of confusing language. Phrases such as“innit”and“Gr8”were regularly found in school work.The Cranfield study found that mobile use was so common that many pupils chose to ignore school rules on phones.