2020高考英语考前冲刺Ⅳ专题05 单项选择

2020考前冲刺英语专题05 单项选择 1. In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _.A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered答案 D. considered注释 considered 考虑; admit 承认; absorb 吸收。注意acknowledge 1) (=agree or admit the truth of; confess) 承认, 供认; A. He acknowledged his mistake. (他承认了他的错误。) B. 接动名词 He acknowledged having been beaten. (他承认被打败了。) 2) (express thanks for) 致谢; A. Mary acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter. (玛丽致函感谢馈赠的礼物。) B. His long service with the company was acknowledged with a present. (向他赠送礼品以感谢他长期来对公司的服务。)2. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents _.A. command B. convictionC. consent D. compromiseunderstandable 可以理解的, 主要用来指人的行为。understanding 用来指人时, 表示善于理解别人或别人问题的 (人) 。注意下面的搭配：a comprehensive map (街区详图) ; a comprehensible remark (听得懂的话) ,an understandable mistake (可以理解的错误) ; an understanding friend (一位能理解人的朋友) 。4. More than one-third of the Chinese in the United States live in California, _ in San Francisco.A. previously B. predominantlyC practicallyD. permanently答案 B. predominantly.注释 predominantly (=mostly; mainly) 主要地。 previously (=coming earlier in time or order) 先前, 早先; This is better than any solution previously. (这个办法比以前提出的任何解决办法都好。) practically (=really; in a practical way) 实际上。permanently (=going on for a long time) 永久地。本题译文：在美国, 华人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亚洲, 其中主要是在旧金山。5. The managing director took the _ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.A. guilt B. chargeC. blame D. accusation答案 C. blame.and they were anything but happy when they were called to the office. (=They were unhappy and afraid.) nothing but 只不过; Dont have him for a friend; hes nothing but a criminal. (不要把他当朋友, 他只不过是个罪犯。) I have nothing but two dollars. (我只有2美元。) above all最重要的。rather than 而不是9. His new appointment takes _ from the beginning of next month.A. place B. effectC. post D. office答案 B. effect. 注释take effect 生效。10. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and _ him of speeding.A. chargedB. accusedC. blamed D. deprivedskill and hard work) 取得, 达到, 成就。例如：achievement age智力成熟年龄。区没有大夫。) 2) There tickets are available for on month. (这些票有效期一个月。)acceptable 可以接受的：None of the suggestions was acceptable. advisable 明智的, 到了这件礼物, 但我没有接受。)15. He was not _ to the club because he wasnt a member.A. allowed B. admittedC. permitted D. approved答案 B. admitted.注释 admit sb. to (=allow sb. or sth. to enter; let in) 允许某人某物进入; 让.进入：1) Children are not admitted. (儿童免进。) Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school the school every year. (这所学校每年只收100名男生。) admit (=acknowledge; confess) 承认, 供认：1) We have to admit that he is a highly competent man. (我们不得不承认他是一位能力很强的人。) 2) The thief admitted his crime. 3) She admitted having read the letter, 4) I admit breaking the window. 注意admit后可接动名词的一般式或完成式。5) We must admit the task to be difficult。注意admit也可以接复合结构。allow和permit后均可接sb. to do sth., 故不合本题题意。approve sth. 批准; approve of doing sth. (=think well of) 赞成, 赞许：1) I am afraid they wont approve of your going there. (恐怕他们不会赞成你去那里的。) 2) I dont approve of your way of looking at things. (我不赞同你看待事情的方法。)16. Although he doesnt like that law, he will _ with it.A. confineB. conformC. complyD. contend答案 C. carry on. 注释carry on 继续, 参看,28。20. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning _ traffic jam.A. in line with B. in case ofC. for the sake of D. at the risk of答案 B. in case of.22. Lawyers often make higher _ for their work than they should.A. billsB. chargesC. prices D. costs答案 B. charges.注释 make charges for对.收 (费) ; 索 (价) 。charge也可以用作动词, 表示“收费, 索价”, 如：1) We dont charge anything for that. (对此我们不收费。) 2) How much do you charge for a haircut? (理个发要收多少钱？)23. They have held several meetings to _ next years production plans.A. set down B. make out C. work up D. draw up答案 D. draw up.注释 参阅III,42。本题译文： 他们已开过几次会议来起草明年得生产计划。24. How can we get this language point _ to the students.A. down B. roundC. across D. into27. The island where these rare birds nest has been declared a _.A.observationB.reservationC.preservation D .conservation答案 D. conservation.保持, 用conservation最切题。本题译文：这个珍禽巢居的岛已宣布为自然保护区。28. Although John was the eldest in the family, he always let his sister _ charge of the house.A. take B. holdC. make D. get答案 A. take.注释 take charge of (=to be or become responsible for sb. or sth.) 负责、掌管、看管; He took charge of the department (or the children)29. The child enjoyed _ up the wooden bricks then knocking them down.A. adding B. pushingC. piling D. forming答案 C. piling.31.It isnt quite _ that he will be present at the meeting.A. sure B. rightC. exact D. certain答案 D. certain.short. (他提了个建议, 但我打断了他。) 2) He cut short his tour and returned home. (他中断旅行, 回家了。) shut off (=cut off, interrupt) 切断, 中断; 由指切断供应等, 如：The water was shut off for several hours while the plumber repaired the pipes. Shut out (=keep out; exclude; prevent form entering) 把.关在外面, 排除, 不让入内：1) He shut the cat out. (他把猫关在外面。) 2) The law was designed to shut out immigrants. (这项法律旨在拒绝移民入竟。) 3) They shut out the dust by having double windows. (他们用双层窗户防尘。) 4) They begin to speak French, shutting out the boy from their conversation. (他们讲起法语来, 使这个男孩无法参加他们的谈话。)34. My brother likes eating very much but he isnt very _ about the food he eats.A. special B. peculiarC. particular D. unusual答案 C. particular.某事无发言权)。36. My house is the only brick one on the street. It _ and you cant miss it.A. stands upB. looks outC. sticks outD. wipes out答案 C. stick out.38. Although it is not our normal _ to give credit, this time I think we should consider the matter more closely.A. stateB. intentionC. occasion D. practice答案 D. practice.注释 practice (=way of doing sth. That is common or habitual; sth. done regularly) 做法, 惯例 ：It is my practice always to rise early. To give credit 让赊欠：No credit is given at this shop. (这家商店概不赊欠。)39. It gave me a strange feeling of excitement to see my name in _.A. news B. printC. publication D. press答案 B. e out in sympathy 意为“表示同情”。In return 作为报答, 如：I wanted nothing in return . (我不要什么报答。) collaboration协作, 如：work in collaboration with sb. (与某人协力合作) 。Opposition 反对, 如：rise in opposition to (起来反对) 。readiness 本题译文：尽管在旧金山长大, 但戴夫米切尔总是愿意把小镇生活中平凡的事情记载下来。42. It was a long time before the cut on my hand _ completely.A. healedB. curedC. improvedD. recovered答案 A. healed.注释 heal 1) 使痊愈, 治愈：The salve will help to heal the wound. (这种药膏能治愈你的伤。) 2) 痊愈 (多指外伤) ：The cut on my leg has healed. (我腿上的伤口以痊愈。) 可见, 本题是heal的第二种用法。cure治疗, 治好; The drug cured my fever. (这种药使我退烧了。) This medicine should cure you of your cold. (这种药定会治好你的感冒。) recover也可以表示“痊愈”, 意为“恢复正常”。例如：1) I think she will recover. (我认为她会痊愈的。) 2) He almost fell ill, but quickly recovered. (他差点病到, 但很快就痊愈了。) 也可以用recovered做表语表示“痊愈, 恢复正常：Are you completely recovered from your illness? (你的病是不是完全好了？)注意 recover vi. 用作“痊愈”时, 句子主语通常是人。Improve 改善, 此词无“治疗”或“痊愈”之意。of duty. (他责怪你玩忽职守。) condemn 谴责、判刑。Accuse sb. of控告某人犯有.。charge sb. with控告某人犯有.。45. There were no tickets _ for Fridays performance.A. preferable B. possible C. considerable D. available注释 alternate vt./vi. 轮流，交替发生或出现：Wet days alternate with fine days.(晴雨天交替更迭。)The weather today will alternate between fine and cloudy.(今天的天气将是晴间多云。)shift般动，移动（vt.）；转移到，迁移（vi.）；改变：1)Lend me a hand to shift the piano, will you?(请帮个忙搬一下这台钢琴。) 2)They have shifted away from this area.(他们已从这一地区迁走了。) 3)The candidate is constantly shifting his opinion about the problem.(这位竞选者在这个问题上不断改变他的观点。)exchange交换；exchange. for . 用.换.；alter(部分)修改。48. Her display of bad temper completely _ the party.A. harmed B. damaged C. spoilt D. hurt答案 C. spoilt.注释 spoil指出意指“使. 扫兴，搞糟”，如：Quarrelling spoilt the picnic.(争吵使这次野餐弄得很扫兴。)hurt伤害，damage 损坏，harm危害，均不合题意。49. We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his sons illness had put him under great _.A. emotion B. excitement C. crisis D. stress答案 D. stress.注释 put sb. under(great) stress使某人处境（非常）紧张，使某人受（很大）压力。50. When she heard from the hospital that her father had died, she _ into tears.A. burst B. went C. exploded D. fell答案 A. burst注释 burst into tears放声大哭；又如：burst into thunderous cheers(发出雷呜般的欢呼)；burst into laughing(捧腹大笑)。51. _ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A. In spite of B. But forC. Because of D. As for答案 B. But foradmit that I was disappointed at the time.A. By the way B. In a way C. In the way D. In no way答案B. In a way.注释in a way(-to some extent)在某种程度上；in no way决不；by the way 顺便提一下；in the way 碍事。此题不能选by the way，因为by the way 做插入语其后应加逗号。本题译文：我没有得到我申请得工作在某种程度上说是件好事，尽管我承认当时我很失望。55. The generation _ makes it difficult for parents to understand their childrens opinions.A. division B. gap C. separation D. interval答案B. gap.注释generation gap 代沟。division分，划分；separation分开；interval间隔，间隙；（幕间或工间）休息。at intervals 不时，时时56. If the boy had _ the dog alone it wouldnt have bitten him.A. set B. left C. had D. put答案B. left.注释leave sb./sth. alone不惹，不管，不碰：Leave the box alone.(别碰那个盒子。)57. They were so far away that I couldnt _ their faces clearly.A. see through B. make up C. see off D. make out答案D. make out.注释make out(=identify and see with effort or difficulty)辨认出。see through参阅，151,注释:此处see through还可表示“看穿.(=understand the real meaning of or reason for; realize the falseness of)”： 1)The teacher saw through the boys story of having to help at home. (=The teacher knew his story was not true; it was just an excuse.) 2) He cant fool her. She sees him through every time.see off送行；make up构成，组成，拼凑；弥补，赔偿；化装，编造：1)编造：John made up the joke about the talking dog. 2)弥补：Bob must make up the work he missed. 3)凑足： We need one more to make up the dozen. 4)化装： The actors were making up when we arrived. 5)构成：Nine players make up a team.60. Thomas Edison considered genius to be _ one per cent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.A. composed of B. constituted in C. consisted of D. comprised in答案A. composed of.注释be composed of由.组成。Consist of由.组成，是不及物动词，不能用被动语态，故不合题意。61. Although Lucy was slimming, she found cream cakes quite _.A. irregular B. inevitable C. incredible D. irresistible答案 D. irresistible注释irresistible不可抵抗的，诱人的，1)I had a irresistible desire to run away,2)I cant refuse this offer; it is irresistible.Irregular 不规律的, 不合规则的：1)the trains from here are irregular.(这里发的火车是不规律的。) 2)These procedures are highly irregular.(这些程序是非常不合规矩的。)incredible 不可避免的，不可信的：1)Old superstitions are incredible to educated people.（旧的迷信对受过教育的人来说是不可信的。）2)His story of rescuing six drowning men is incredible.(他说他救了6个溺水者，这是难以置信的。)inevitable 不可避免的：1)Traffic delays are inevitable at a holiday weekend.（假日周末交通耽搁是难免的。）2)Pain is Inevitable when one breaks a bone.（骨折是疼痛是难避免的。）本题译文：虽然露西正在减轻体重，但她觉得奶油蛋糕是诱人的。62. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _ when judging my examination.A. regard B. account C. thought D. observation答案B. account.注释 take sth. into account(=consider)考虑到：We must take local conditions into accoutn.63. American women were _ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.A. ignored B. refused C. neglected D. denied答案D. denied.本题是测试“过度词”，考生务必根据上下文的逻辑关系来选择适当的过渡词，使句子的意思前后连贯。66. _ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.A. In spite of B. On account ofC. Regardless of D. Instead of答案B. On account of注释on account of(=because of)由于，因为。regardless of(=without worrying about)不顾；Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.67. The lawyer was expected to _ some proposals after reading all those documents.A. come up with B. put up with C. look up to D. keep up with答案A. come up with.注释come up with提出。参阅，33。注释。Put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，与.保持一致；look up to尊敬。68. His landlady gave him a weeks _ to leave the flat.A. threat B. notice C. advice D. caution答案B. notice.注释notice预先通知（尤用雇主、雇员或房东、房客之间）：give ones employee a months notice (通知雇员一个月后离职)。本题译文：他的女房东通知他一周后从套间搬走。69. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _ at the other store.A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones72. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _ must be taken by scientists and technologists.A. process B. attention C. measure D. part答案D. part.注释take part in参加。本题译文：显然，整个世界正经历着一场社会革命；科学家和技术人员必定是这场革命地主要参加者。73. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more _.A. at length B. at last C. at stake D. at ease答案C. at stake.注释at stake(=to be won or lost; risked, depending upon the result of sth.)在危险中；利害攸关；His life itself was at stake.(他的生命本身濒临危险。); at last最终；at length详细地；at ease安详，自在，随便，不拘束：She knew he was not at ease.(她知道，他并不自在。)本题译文：农民们比城里人更渴望鱼，因为雨水对农民来说关系更大。74. The most important _ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.A. element B. spot C. sense D. point答案D. point.注释point(=chief idea of sth. said, done, or planned)要点；论点，主旨：I dont see your point.(我不明白你的意思。)He said nothing to the point.(他说的不切题。)75. The climbers _ their ambition by reaching the summit of the mountain.A. obtained B. sustained C. maintained D. realized答案D. realised.注释realise sth. by doing sth. else通过做.来实现.。76. I remember her face but I cannot _ where I met her.A. recall B. remind C. remember D. remark答案A. recall.注释at random(=without aim or purpose)随便地，胡乱地：His clothes were scattered about the room at random.By accident意外地；on occasion偶尔；on an average平均计算。79. The open university was started in order to help those who _ having a university education when they were young.A. stopped B. failed C. missed D. ceased答案C. missed.注释miss doing sth.没有做某事：I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(学校放映那部电影时，我没有能去看。)80. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _ healthy.A. preserve B. stay C. maintain D. reserve答案B. stay.注释preserve, stay, maintain, reserve这4个词均有“保持”，“维持”之意。stay后可接形容词作表语：The weather stayed wet for three days.其他3个词均为及物动词。Preserve(=keep safe from decay, risk, harm, danger, going bad etc.)保存，保护：1)Policemen preserve order in the streets.(警察在街上维持秩序。) 2)We must preserve our natural resources.(我们必须保护自然资源。)3)You paint woodwork to preserve it.(你油漆木制品以防腐烂。)Maintain(=keep up)保持，维持，维修。Reserve(=keep for a special purpose; store)保留，预定：1)Ill reserve my opinion at his time,(这时我将保留我的看法。) 2)Ill phone up today and reserve a room.(我今天将打电话预定一个房间。)本题译文：专家们说，步行是一个人保持健康的最好方法之一。81. It isnt so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works _.A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all答案C. at all.答案B. results.注释result意为“由某种活动或某种原因所产生的结果”，如：obtain(=get, attain, gain win, secure)good results（取得好结果），publish the results（公布成绩）。84. Alice was very sorry to hear that her grandmother had _ two days before.A. broken off B. passed offC. given away D. passed away答案D. passed away.注释pass away(=die)死亡，是“死亡”的委婉语。break off中断；give away给掉；泄露；pass off中止，中断。85. The map was drawn to the standard _ of 1/100,000, so there was not much detail.A. route B. line C. rate D. scale答案d. scale.注释scale在此题中意指“（实物与地图、图解等代表物间的）比例，比例尺”.be drawn to be standard scale of 1/100,000(按照十万分之一标准比例尺绘制)。86. Our Party has always devoted great attention to raising the living _ of the working people.A. cost B. situation C. level D. standard答案D. standard.注释living standard生活水准。87. It was clear that the small grocer was _ people he owed money to.A. at the expense of B. at the risk ofC. in the way of D. at the mercy of答案D. at the mercy of.注释at the mercy of在.支配下：The ship was at the mercy of the waves.(这艘船任凭风浪摆布。)at the expense of以.为代价，靠牺牲.；in the way of碍.事；at the risk of冒.的危险：1)He devoted his time to football at the expense of his studies.(他牺牲学习把时间都花在足球上。) 2)Her social lift got in the way of her studies.(她的社交生活妨碍了她的学习。) 3)We do this at the risk of our lives and liberties.(我们冒丢掉生命和丧失自由的危险做这件事。)本题译文：显然，这家小杂铺任凭其债主的摆布。88. I _ her not to walk on the thin ice but she would not listen to me.A. warned B. persuaded C. suggested D. noticed答案A. warned.答案C. possible注释able有才能的，有能力的，指人的才智，而且是受过实际锻炼的才干。Capable“有才能的，能胜任的”(有褒、贬 二义)，如：He is capable of anything.(他什么事都干得出来。)此句含有明显得贬义。此外，作表语时，able接不定式，capable接of. capable还有一意思是“有可能 的”，例如：The car is capable of being repaired .（这辆汽