2020高考英语考前冲刺Ⅲ专题09 名词性从句

2020考前冲刺英语专题09 名词性从句 【高考预测】1.名词性从句中连接词的正确选用2.that引导的宾语从句，wh-引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句3.that和wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型4.获that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句5.名词性从句中，从句部分的语序要用陈述语序，不能用凝问语序6.that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别7.Whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别【易错点点睛】易错点点睛 1 名词性从句中连接词的正确选用1 (2020精选模拟)Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.A. why B. wtat C. who D. that【错误解答】 B或D词从句的引导词，作do的宾语，同时该词还是从句中do的宾语，因此，应该选用what。【正确解答】 C3.(2020精选模拟) _ made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A. What, because B. What, thatC. That, what D. That, because【错误解答】 A【错解分析】 许多考生由于受汉语思维方式的影响，选A.because用来强调原因，构成因果关系。本题主要是考查主语从句和表语从句，What用在句首引导主语从句，充当句子成分，而that不充当句子成分，只起连结作用。【正确解答】 B4.(2020精选模拟)His ability has never been in doubtthe question is he is prepared to work hard.A. whether B. if C. that D. where【错误解答】 B【错解分析】 很多同学对whether和if的用法一知半解，尽管二者都有“是否”的意思，中可省略。He told me (that) he would leave soon.2.what与出at在名词性从句中的区别。Right:What he said was true.这是一个主语从句，what在从句中作动词said的宾词，意思是:“话”或“事”，此句中不能用that。That he came late made the teacher angry.这个句子还是主语从句。从句中意思完整，所以用that来引导，起到一个标志作用。【变式探究】1 I try to understand _ prevents them from being as happy as one might expect although they are so rich.A. that B. what C. it D. whether答案: B解析:what引导宾语从句。2 Although Mary is happy with her success she wonders _ will happen to her private life.A. that B. this C. it D. what答案: D解析:what引导宾语从句。3 The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and _ I could have the money without delay.A. what B. that C.不填 D. whether答案: B解析:what只起连结词作用，本身无义。I have found out _ they will ask to lead the vic- tory march on Saturday.A. when B. where C. whom D. what答案: C解析:whom引导一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中又作ask的宾语。5 It was not until dark he found he thought was the correct way to 用陈述语序，故应该用you will come。【正确解答】 A2.The old ladys hand shook frequenfiy, She explained to her doctor _ this shaking had begun half a year before, and , only because of this,she had been forced to give up her job.A. when; how B. how; whenC. how; how D. why; why【错误解答】 B【错解分析】 本题考查的是动词explain后引导的宾语从句的引导词选用。第一空用how较易，但第二空很多考生填when，其实在前一分句中已有时间状语，故此处用when明显不对，仍然用how引导，即“她是如何被迫放弃工和的”。【正确解答】 C3.(2020精选模拟) The leaders of the battle ordered all of us the work on time.A. if;finished B. that;finishC. whether; finished D. what; finished【错误解答】 A或C【错解分析】 许多考生认为A、C答案均讲得通，即“任务是否要以接时完成”，但本题由于受ordered这个词的限制，应该选B。其中finish为should finish的省略形式。【正确解答】 B4.(2020精选模拟) Most of the university students are confident _ they can get a good job with higher pay.A. whether B. that C. where D. when【错误解答】 A或C【正确解答】 B【特别提醒】1.出at引导的宾语从句出at常用来引导宾语从句，通常that可以省略。He has told me that he will go to Shanghaitomorrow他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,hat从句 常用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。2.wh-引导的宾语从句I want to know what he has told you我想知道他告诉了你什么。3.形容词后所跟的宾语从句某些动态形容词(afraid，confident，aware，certain，sure，doubtful等)在句中做表语时，后面可跟宾语从句。例句:I am confident that I can get the job我有信心我可以得到这份工作。【变式探究】1 We cant figure out _ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.A.that B. as C. why D. when答案: C解析:考查宾语从句，figureout意为“计算出”。动词和宾语从句之间明显要一个表示原因的关系副词why。2 A modem city has been set up in _ was a waste- land ten years ago.A. what B. which C. that D. where答案: A解析:what此时作介词set up in的宾词并在宾词从句中充当主语。3 Mr Smith suggested that all of the students _ their exercise books.A. handed in B. should hand in C. handing in D. that hand in答案: B解析:尽管动词suggest用了过去式，但suggest后若跟宾语从句，则从句部分应用易错点点睛 3 that和wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型1.(2020精选模拟)After Yany Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.A. where B. what C. that D. how【错误解答】 C或D【错解分析】 本题考查主语从句。首先排除C，因为该主语从句缺成分，而that不充当任何成分的。where和 how只能充当状语成分，而本句缺少do的宾语，因此应选B.【正确解答】 B2.(2020精选模拟) has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month.A. As B. It C. What D. That【错误解答】 A或C【错解分析】 考生误以为是定语从句，把that后的内容部分当作一句话用作先行词。如果改成: has been announced，we shall have our. ，用As尚可。本句应该用It充当形式主语，真正的主语是that之后的内容。【正确解答】 B3.(2020精选模拟) It is a shame _ we lost that expensive car.A. that B. when C. as D. if【错误解答】 B或D【错解分析】 很多考生不知道It在本句中作形式主语。本句实际上是It iswas a+名词+that结构。【正确解答】 A4.(2020精选模拟)_ seems to be a fact he didnt go to attend the meeting.A. That;that B. What;that C. It;which D. It;that【错误解答】 A或B【错解分析】 考生易误以为用that放在句首，来引导主语从句，事实上本题是“It 式主语形式。That he passed the English test is true.It is true that he passed the English test.(2)形式主语的四个主要句型It + be + 名词 + that从句It is a pity that.可惜的是，用于此句型的名词还有factshamehonorquestion等。It + be + 形容词 + that从句It is certain that.很肯定，可用于此句型的形容词还有clearbetternaturalimportantneeessary.It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句It is said that.据说，可用于此句型的过去分词还有believedknownreported等。It + 不及物动词 + that从句如: It seems that.好像是似乎可用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen，appear等。【变式探究】1 _ there is life on another planet is almost impossible.A. How B. That C. why D. Whether答案: B5 _ the hidden gun was neededA. Where; discovering B. When; to findC. How much; finding D. How, to discover答案: A解析:Where引导的是主语从句，后空考查惯用法，need作“需要”讲时，后接动名词主动或被动结构。易错点点睛 4 由that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句1.(2020精选模拟) A stroy goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A. when B. where C. what D. that【错误解答】 C【错解分析】 同位语从句考查。本题若从句紧跟在 story后面，就比较容易看出成分，而为避免句子头重脚轻，把story与它的同位语分隔开了；where，when，what不引导同位语从句，故最佳选项为D。类似的句子还有: Word came that the Mayor would come to visit our school。【正确解答】 D2.(典型例题京)Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?oh, thats _A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever feels me aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited 【错误解答】 C或D4.(典型例题江) The question he asked was _ the electrical equipment should be stored.A. what B. which C. where D. because【错误解答】 D【错解分析】 考生忽略了题目所给予的信息，本题空缺处之后部分成分齐全，根据句意，可以用表地点的 where来引导表语从句，句意为“他问电力设备应安置在那儿”。【正确解答】 C5.(2020精选模拟) The question is we should ask them for help.A. that B. whether C. if D. why【错误解答】 C【错解分析】 从句意角度不难看出应该填表示“是否，能否”这个含义的词，值得注意的是订不能引导表语从句，故选B。【正确解答】 B【特别提醒】1.that引导的表语从句基本结构:主语 + 系动词 + that从句例句:The fact is that we have lost the game.2.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句That is why I tell you the news.那就是我为什么告诉你这个消息的原因。3.从属连词as if,boecause,just as等引导的表语从句It is because I have ever heard of the story.那是因为我曾经听说过这个故事。4.同位语从句同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea， information，message，news，order，problem，promise， question，repuest，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。【变式探究】1 The reason she gave for not being present was _ the heavy snow prevented her 答案: C解析:that引导同位语从句，中心问为possibility.3 He doesnt know is he was born.A. that/where B. that/what C. where/that D. what/where答案: A解析:that，where分别引导宾语从句，表语从句。4 What she wants to know is dress she should buy.A. that B. what C. which D. why答案: C解析:本题考查表语从句用法，从句意看，应该是表选择关系，即“想买哪件衣服”。5 He asked the question _ this material can stand high temperature.A. what B. why C. whether D. when答案: C解析:本题考查同位语从句，用whether引导，意为“这种材料能否耐高温”。【难点突破】难点 1 名词性从句中，从句部分的语序要用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序1.(2020精选模拟)These photographs will show youA. what our village looks likeB. what does our village look likeC. how our village look likeD. how does our village look like【解析】 本题中空格部分明显作动词show的宾语，由于look like是及物动词短语，本句中缺少宾语，故应选用能充当宾语的what，排除C、D答案。在A、B答案中，由于what 【答案】 B难点 3 Whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别3. well go camping next week depends on the weather.A. If B. WhetherC. That D. Where【解析】 尽管whether和if都作“如果，是否”理解，但订不能引导主语从句，同位语从句和表语从句，而 whether却可以引导。【答案】 B【变式探究】1. Can you tell me _ ?A. who is that woman B. who the woman isC. whom is the woman D. that woman is答案: B解析:who引导宾语从句，应用陈述语序。2. Father made a promise _ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.A. that B. if C. whether D. that if答案: D解析:that引导同位语从句，同位语从句中还包含一个if引导的条件状语从句。3. There is some doubt _ she will be able to repay the money on time.A. that B. if C. what D. whether答案: D解析:doubt意为“怀疑”，其后的从句只能用whether而不能用if引导。若前面有否定词，则用that引导。【变式探究】【典型习题导练】I单项选择1 The teacher demanded that our examination paper handed in at once.A. be B. must be C. would be D. had to be答案: A解析:某些动词，如demand、suggest、order等后接 that从句时用should do结构，shouldwhomever，则从句缺少主语。5 Im sorry _ your mother is iii.A. whom B. if C. that D. how答案: C解析:主语+be+形容词+that.结构。6 We think it important _ we should keep the balance of nature.A. whether B. what C. that D. which答案: B解析:that引导宾语从句后置，it为形式宾语。7 I hope _ happy while you are here.A. you to be B. for your beingC. you will be D. you being答案: C解析:希望某人做某事，不可用hope sb to do sth。hope后不接动名词结构，但可接宾语从句。8 We all know the news he told her.A. to which B. / C. what D. at that答案: B解析:定语从句。9 Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A. what B. that C. whether D. when答案: B解析:同位词从句，that不充当成分。10 Things were not _ they seemed to be. A. what B. because C. that D. where12 The reason I plan to go is _ if I dont.A. because she will be disappointedB. that she will be disappointedC. because she will be disappointedD. on account of she will have a disappointed答案: B解析:that引导表语从句13 the old mans sons wanted to know was _ the gold had been hidden.A. That; what B. What; whereC. What; that D. What; if答案: B解析:What引导主语从句，Where引导表语从句。14 _ knows the truth will tell you about it.A. Who that B. WhoeverC. Whom that D. That who答案: B解析:Whoever引导主语从句。15 It worried her a bit _ her hair was tunrning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for答案: B18 The mountain is no longer _ it used to be.A. which B. that C. as D. what答案: D解析:what引导表语从句，同时作句子成分，此时不能用that。19 We know little about the young lady except _ you told me.A. what B. that C. how D. /答案: A解析:what引导介词宾语从句，同时作told的宾语。20 _ proves that my advice is right.A. It will happen that B. That has happenedC. What has happened D. When it happened答案: C解析:what引导主语从句。21 I know nothing about her except _ she is from Canada.A. how B. when C. that D. why答案: C解析:that作介词宾语从句。22 What a pity_ is _you didnt arrive by daylight.A. there; because B. it; that C. he ;when D. that; for答案: B解析:it充当形式主语，此句结构可还原成:It is a pity that.23 _ we can? t get seems better than _ we have.A. What; what B. What; thatC. That; that D. That; what答案: A27 It doesnt matter I rest or not.A. if B. whether C. that D. when答案: B解析:whether和or not连用，if则不可。28 _ is still a secret when the president will make a public speech.A. That B. He C. What D. It答案: D解析:it充当形式主语。29 It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. whether答案: B解析:that引导主语从句，it此时为形式主语。30 _ breaks the law should be punished.A. No matter who B. WhoeverC. All D. Who答案: B解析:whoever引导主语从句，no matter who虽语 意相同，但不能引导主语从句。31 _ is to practise using English often.A. That you should do B. Which you should doC. What you should do D. Whatever you do答案: C解析:what引导主语从句。32 I believe youve done your best and_ things will be proved.A. that;/ B./;/ C. what;that D./;that35 The suggestion _ students should learn some practical English is worth considering.A. if B. which C. / D. that答案: D解析:同位语从句。36 _ they dont like us is very clear.A. What B. That C. Which D. Where答案: B解析:that引导主语从句，可省，因为主语成分齐全。37 _ yonve all had a wonderful vacation.A. It would be good that B. It is good thatC. It was good that D. It will be good that答案: B解析:It iswas + 形容词 + that结构。38 _ the headmaster is not coming to the sports meeting.A. It sems that B. It seem that C. It seems D. It seemed答案: A解析:It seemsseemed that结构。39 Has it been announced _ the planes are to take off?A. when B. if C. which D. what答案: A43 I missed a word here in the sentence.Well, thats _ you were mistaken.A. when B. what C. where D. why答案: D解析:where引导表语从句。44 There are three books on the desk. I dont know one he will choose.A. whose B. which C. that what D. what答案: C解析:表选择关系。45 The old man was shocked by had happened to her son.A. whom B. which C. what D. that答案: C解析:what作介词宾语。46 Never take _ for granted that I will help you.A. that B. it C. which D. that答案: B解析:it在本句中充当形式宾语，that后的从句才是真正宾语。47 Jack said _ to meet the American friends.A. he pleased B. he is pleased D. this blue one is答案: D解析:名词性从句中从句部分要用陈述语序。50 It depends on _ we have enough time.A. if B. ff or not C. that D. whether答案: D解析:if 不能引导主语从句，表语从句和宾语从句，当表达“是否”时只能用whether。.完型填空One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant, waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I 51 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept glancing in my direction, 52 he knew me. The man had a newspaper 53 in front of him, which he was 54 to read,but I could 55 that he was keeping an eye on me. when the waiter brought my 56 the man was clearly puzzled(困惑) by the 57 way in which the waiter and I 58 each other. He seened even more puzzled as 59 went on and it became 60 that all the waiters in the restaurant knew me. Finally he got.Up and went into the 61 . When he came out,he paid his bill and 62 without another glance in my direction. I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had 63 . “Well,”he said, “that man ws a detective (侦探). He 64 you here because he though you were the man he 65 ”. “what?”I said,showing my 66 . The owner continued, “He came into the kitchen and showed me a photo of the wanted man. I 67 say he looked very much like you ! Of course, since we know you, we told