2020年高考英语总复习 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions练案+学案 新人教版选修8

Unit 3Inventors and inventions 课前10分钟概括大意Nor does flu only spread through the air.Say someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand，then touches a doorknob or subway pole.If you touch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth，youve been exposed.Its harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask and so your face may get pretty sweaty under masks.You reach under to wipe that sweat，and may transfer germs caught on the outside of themask straight to the nose.These are the problems face masks may create for their users.此段落的大意是：_Danger of infection through germy hands and masks.漫画欣赏画面描述Two people，father and son，are talking with each other.The boy，standing on the ground，is looking up at his father，slightly scared，while his father，seated on a big Chinese character “fu”，meaning “father”，is shouting at his son.寓意理解In our society，father and son are not in equal positions.Fathers simply tell their sons what to do and what not to do rather than listen patiently.Sons have few chances to share their own ideas or open up to their fathers.They often look up to their fathers withrespect，fearing that they might not live up to their fathers expectations.你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？课堂双基回归.词义辨析1People who cant _ between colors are said to be colorblind.Aaccumulate Bmonitor Cundertake Ddistinguish2An _ change in the weather resulted in the breakout offlu.Aabrupt Babsurd Coptional DelegantDA3We thought Mary would pass and John would fail，butcontrary to _ it was the other way round.Aapplication BdescriptionCexpectation Dregulation4British Aerospace has built a scanner that _ damageto the ozone(臭氧) layer.Apurchases Bmonitors Cdeclares Daccompanies5The cheque is not _ if it is not signed by the financedirector.Avalid Bstable Cpassive Dabrupt6The _ of new scientific discoveries to industrialproduction methods usually makes jobs easier to do.Aoperation BappreciationCconservation DapplicationCBAD7Would it be _ for you to pick me up at four oclockand take me to the airport?Aapparent Bvacant Chandy Dconvenient8Television is such a means that it keeps us informed about_ events.Aopposite Btheoretical Ccurrent Dclumsy9Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without bigchanges in temperature，thus creating a _environment.Apeaceful Bsensitive Ccommon Dstable10When we plan our vacation，mother often offers _suggestions.Acurrent Bpractical Ceffective DacceptableDCDB.短语填空call up；set about；in case；hang on；out of order；diveinto；get through；ring off；fill in；a matter of1We _ a coffee shop to avoid the rain.2Im sorry，but Ive to _ now.I have a train to catch.3They have sent us another form to _.4Planning a project is just _ working out the rightorder to do things in.5I dialed several times，but I just couldnt _.6He was overlooked when they _ choosing a newmanager.7_ at your present job until you can get another.dived intoring offfill ina matter ofget throughset about Hang on 8My clock was _ and waked me up at 3 thismorning.9The smell of the sea _ happy memories of my youth.10Youd better write the telephone number down _you forget.完成句子1Between the outside and inside walls of the bowl there issome jelly，_ (这些果冻冷却后会冻结)(cool)2Follow it up，explore all around it，and _(不知不觉中)，you will have something worth thinkingabout to occupy your mind.(know)out of ordercalled upin casewhich freezes hard when cooledbefore you know it3_(由于非常稳定)，it has proved invaluablein the design of bridges.(stable).单项填空1Only after you have had that recognition _ that youare truly an inventor.Acan you say Byou can say Csay you Dcan say you2_ with some research findings，I decided on threepossible approaches.APreparing BHaving preparedCPrepared DTo prepareBeing very stableAC3But _ carefully，the snakes proved to be no troubleand all went according to plan.Amonitoring Bto monitorCbeing monitored DMonitored4It was this exploring around problems that led to his mostfamous invention_ telephone in 1876.Athe Ba C/ Done5The patent was given in 1876，but it was not until five dayslater _ Bell sent the first telephone message to hisassistant，Watson.Awhen Bthat Con which DsinceDAB知识要点整合核心词汇梳理1distinguish v. 区别；辨别At what age are children able to distinguish between right andwrong?儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？What was it that distinguished her from her classmates？是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？The male bird is distinguished from the female by its red beak.雄鸟喙呈红色，有别于雌鸟。The twins are so alike that its difficult to distinguish one fromthe other.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨谁是谁。链接 tell.from.把与区分开2convenient adj. 方便的；近便的搭配 be convenient to/for sb.对某人来说方便Is it convenient to/for you if I come at 6 pm.？如果我下午6点来拜访你，方便吗？Is three oclock convenient for you？3点钟你方便吗？句型 it is convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事方便It wont be convenient for me to see you tomorrow.我明天不方便去看望你。When is it most convenient for us to meet？我们什么时候见面最方便呢？提示 convenient不可用“人”作主语。如果表达“如果你方便的话，在你方便的时候”时，要用if/when/whenever it isconvenient to/for you。Come whenever it is convenient to you.在你方便的时候请过来。If (it is) quite convenient to you，I will be with you nextTuesday.如果你方便的话，我下周二去见你。2convenient adj. 方便的；近便的搭配be convenient to/for sb.对某人来说方便Is it convenient to/for you if I come at 6 pm.？如果我下午6点来拜访你，方便吗？Is three oclock convenient for you？3点钟你方便吗？句型it is convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事方便Itwont be convenient for me to see you tomorrow.我明天不方便去看望你。When is it most convenient for us to meet？我们什么时候见面最方便呢？提示convenient不可用“人”作主语。如果表达“如果你方便的话，在你方便的时候”时，要用if/when/whenever it is convenient to/for you。Come whenever it is convenient to you.在你方便的时候请过来。If (it is) quite convenient to you，I will be with you next Tuesday.如果你方便的话，我下周二去见你。4bear vt. 忍受；承受；负起提示 bear通常与can，could连用，多用于否定句或疑问句中。The pain was almost more than he could bear.这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。We just couldnt bear the thought of selling the farm.我们想都不敢想卖农场的事。句型 cant bear doing/to do忍受不了做某事cant bear sb.doing/to do不能忍受某人做某事；不能容忍某人做某事Alison couldnt bear to leave and cried all the way to the airport.阿莉森忍受不了离别之苦，去机场的路上一直在哭。He cant bear people smoking while hes eating.他忍受不了人们在他吃饭的时候吸烟。句型 bear doing意为“耐得住；经得起”，通常用于否定句或疑问句，且不可用人作主语。His sufferings dont bear thinking about.他遭受的苦难不堪回首。The joke doesnt bear repeating.这个笑话不可说第二遍。链接 stand忍受，忍耐endure忍受，忍耐tolerate忍受，容忍重点短语例释1call up 召唤；使人想起；调动(力量、人员等)；(给)打电话The photograph called up memories of his childhood.那张照片唤起了他童年时代的一些回忆。He was called up right at the beginning of the war.他是在战争刚一开始的时候被征召入伍的。Dont call me up in the morning.不要在早上给我打电话。2set out 出发；上路She set out for Paris at 6 and hoped to get there before dark.她6点动身去巴黎，希望天黑前到达。Columbus set out on exploring the distant regions of the earth.哥伦布出发到地球远方探险。拓展 set out to do sth.开始做某事；着手做某事I set out to knit a sweater but in the end it became a vest.我一开始想编织毛衣，但最后却织成一件背心。辨析 set about doing sth.着手做某事get down to (doing) sth.开始认真做某事We set about cleaning the house.我们着手打扫房子。Lets get down to dealing with these problems now.现在咱们开始认真处理这些问题吧。链接 set off动身，出发，引爆start out动身，出发3hang on 不挂断；紧紧握住；稍等Hang on a moment，please.请等一下。We all hung on as the bus swung around a sharp bend.公共汽车急转弯时，我们都紧紧抓住扶手。4in case 以防万一；如果；假使Take an umbrella in case it rains.带把伞吧，以防下雨。Im sure Harry will remember，but why not give him a ringjust in case?我确信哈利会记得，但为以防万一，为什么不给他打个电话呢？Ill make some sandwiches，just in case we get hungry later on.我会做些三明治，以防一会儿我们肚子饿。In case you cant come，give me a call before I leave for work.如果你来不了，在我去上班之前给我打个电话。疑难语句细解1Being very stable，it has proved invaluable in the design ofbridges.由于具有良好的稳定性，在桥梁设计中，它被证明是极其有用的。【要点指南】 Being very stable是现在分词短语，在句中作原因状语。“being形容词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、名词”通常在句中作原因状语，此结构一般放在句首，有时也可置于句尾。Being very shy，he couldnt ask her to go to the movies withhim.由于很害羞，他不敢开口邀请她一起去看电影。Being unemployed，he hasnt got much money.由于没有工作，他没有多少钱。The girl feels homesick，being away from home for the first time.由于是第一次离开家，这个女孩有点想家。拓展 上面句子中的being其逻辑主语与句子的主语是一致的，但如果不一致的话，就要给being加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。School being over，you can hardly find any students there.因为已放学，所以在那儿你找不到学生。There being no rain for months，all the crops are dying out.因为几个月没有雨水了，庄稼都快要死光了。2Now its a matter of waiting and hoping.现在就是等待和期盼了。【要点指南】 (just/only)a matter of.是很常用的一个短语，意为“(只不过)是个的问题”。Learning languages is just a matter of remembering words学习语言只不过是记住一些词汇而已。It is not simply a matter of deciding what price you want topay.这不是简单的你愿意出多少钱的问题。It appeared to be only a matter of time before they werecaught.看来，抓住他们只不过是迟早的事。突破阅读理解怎样猜测词义(四)【方法技巧】根据构词法猜测词义。例如：They overestimate the interviewees ability and asked him many difficult questions.其中的overestimate是由estimate“估计”加上前缀over“过分”构成的，故可猜测出overestimate意为“过高估计”。【实例验证】Towards evening，there comes the grand finale of the opening day，an extremely exciting horserace.All the riders run very fast on horseback.Some riders hang off the side of their saddles.Some even ride upside downtheir legs and feet straightup in the airall at full speed.Others rush down the course together，men arm in arm，on different horses.On and on they go.So fast and so wonderful.o fast and so wonderful.The underlined word “finale” most probably means the _ of the opening day.Afirst part Bmiddle Clast part Dwhole解析：finale是由final“最后的”派生而来的，所以很容易就可确定答案为C。答案：C【实践应用】Most women in Ghanathe educated and illiterate，the urban and rural，the young and oldwork to make money in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.Ninety percent of women 15 years of