Language points(1)

人教课标高一必修1Unit2,1.voyage在此为可数名词,意为“旅行,航行”。如：,Theysuppliedthisshipwithenoughfoodandnecessitiesforalongvoyage.,TheTitanicwentunderonitsfirstvoyage.,voyage还可用作动词,意为“(乘船)航行,航海”。如：TheyplannedtovoyageacrossthePacificOcean.,travel用作不可数名词,只用于泛指从某地去另一地,如果某人在某段时间里到处走,可用travels;journey用作可数名词,表示去某地所花的时间和旅行的距离,尤指较长距离的或定期的旅行;trip用作可数名词,表示非定期的,也许较短的往返旅行;voyage则常指海上旅行或太空旅行。,travel,journey,tripif引导条件状语从句;asif/though“似乎是”引导方式状语从句),Evenif,If,asif,native可以作名词，意为：本地人，本国人；也可以作形容词，意为：本国的，本土的。,1.WhenwereonholidayinGreece,welivelikethenatives.2.Areyouanativeofthiscountry,orjustavisitor?,4.AfteralongstayinEnglandhesbackinhisnativeland.,nativespeaker生来就说某种语言的人。如：anativespeakerofFrench/English,3.ThegiantpandaisnativetoChina.,根据括号内的提示，用native的适当形式完成句子。1.Hehasbeenawayfrom_（他的故土中国）forthreeyears.2.Hes_（美国人）butnowlivesinEngland.,hisnativeChina,anativeofAmerica,eup上来,走近;被提出;发芽;升起,Thefinalexamiscomingupsoon.Itstimeforustostartourstudies.,Comeuptothefrontoftheroom,please.,到来,走近,Afewnewquestionscameupatthemeeting.,Theseedscomeupinspring.,被提出,长出来,comeupwith意为“提出，想出”。如：,Hecameupwithanewsuggestion.,comeacross偶然遇到或找到comeback再现记忆comedown传承,按习惯通过或处理,comeon催促,快速运动comeout成为众所周知;发行或发表comeup出现,显示cometrue实现comeupwith宣布或发现,5.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不是。basev.意为“以为根据,把基础设在”,常构成短语basesth.on/uponsth.如：,Thisnovelisbasedonfact.这部小说是以事实为根据的。ThepaperhadintendedtobaseitselfinLondon.ThisfilmisbasedonanovelbyD.H.Lawrence.,base还可用作名词,意为“底部,基地,基础”等。如:,Thereisadooratthebaseofthetower.Howmanymilitarybasesaretheymaintainingonforeignsoil?ManylanguageshaveLatinastheirbase.掌握base构成的两个短语：beoffbase完全错误,大错特错touchbase(with)sb.(跟某人)联系上,逗留,用base的适当形式填空。1.Thisbook_onatruestory.2.Maryalways_herideasonscientificexperiments.,isbased,bases,2)present,adj.当前的,现在的(作前置定语)Didyouseethepresentnationalleaders?Canyoutellussomethingaboutthepresentsituation?出席的,在场的(作表语或后置定语)Ourteacherwaspresentatthemeeting.Allthepeoplepresentagreetomyplan.,n.目前,现在;礼物IcantsparetimebecauseIambusyatpresent.Whatpresentdidyoureceivefromyourparents?,atpresent:now;atthistime/momentShesbusyatpresentandcantspeaktoyou.她现在很忙,不能跟你谈话。AtpresentheisaprofessorofmathematicsatCambridge.目前他是剑桥大学的数学教授。,vt.赠与,赠给予,给,提出presentsb.withsth.或presentsth.tosb.把交给,颁发,授予如:Motherpresentedagifttomejustnow.Onhisbirthday,hisfriendspresentedhimwithaseriesofreaders/presentedaseriesofreaderstohim.(送给他一套读本),6.Shakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.莎士比亚使用了比以前更为广泛的词汇量。,make(good/full/no)useof使用,Wecouldmakegooduseofourresources.,Everyminuteshouldbemadegooduseof.,suchas用来列举事物时,一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子且所列举事物的数量不能等于它前面所提到的总和,一旦相等,要用thatis或namely.Ihavethreegoodfriends,suchasJohn,JackandTom.Hecanspeakfourlanguages,suchasEnglishandFrench.,7.suchas作_词（句2和句3），意思是“不拐弯地，笔直地，直地”。straight既是形容词，也是副词，副词与形容词同形。straightenv.使变直。如：Istraightenedmytieandwalkedin.,形容,直的,副,翻译下列句子。1.放学后直接回家来。2.他累得走都走不直了。3.他们坐在一条直线上。,Comestraighthomeafterschool.Hewastootiredtowalkstraight.Theysatdowninastraightline.,9.Onlytimewilltell.时间会证明一切。tell知道,判断Itshardtotellwhetherheisright.tellAfromB:区分，分别CanyoutellTomfromhistwinbrother?,Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.,【分析】这是一个由连词and连接的并列句。第一个分句是_,Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsofthe,_，Laterinthenextcentury作时间状语，people是主语，fromEngland作定语，made是谓语动词，voyages是宾语，toconquerotherpartsoftheworld是_状语。第二个分句中becauseofthat是介词短语作原因状语，English是主语，began是谓语动词，不定式短语_作宾语。,world,目的,tobespokeninmanyothercountries,【翻译】后来，在下一个世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是，许多别的国家开始讲英语了。,【仿写】后来，在随后的十年里那个地区的人努力开展植树造林。于是，森林覆盖面积扩大了。_,Laterinthenexttenyears,peopleinthatareamadeagreatefforttocarryouttreeplantingandbecauseofthat,theareaofforestcoveragewasexpanded.,2.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydontspeakthesamekindofEnglish.,【分析】这是一个复合句，NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachother是主句，_引导的是让步状语从句。,evenif,【翻译】以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。,【仿写】一个意志坚强的人，即使他面对失败，也是不会灰心的。_,Astrong-mindedpersonwontloseheartevenifheisinfaceoffailure.,3.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.翻译起初在大约公元450年到1150年间英国人所讲的英语与人们现在所讲的英语很不一样。,分析此句看起来复杂，但实际上是一个简单句，即：theEnglish.wasdifferentfromtheEnglish.,atfirst在句中作状语，spokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150以及spokentoday都是过去分词短语作后置定语，用来修饰中心词theEnglish，表示被动关系。,如：Thespeechgivenbythatprofessorwasagreatsuccess.（givenbythatprofessor作thespeech的定语）那个教授所作的演讲很成功。,4.ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150,EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.,【分析】这是一个复合句，EnglishbecamelesslikeGerman是主句，,ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150在主句中作状语，because引导原因状语从句，该从句中还包含了一个定语从句_，修饰those。【翻译】然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到1150年期间，英语不那么像德语了，因为那时英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。,whoruledEngland,【仿写】然后，渐渐地，他对英语这门功课产生了浓厚的兴趣，因为他发现英语是一种很美的语言。_,ThengraduallyhebecameveryinterestedinthesubjectofEnglishbecausehefoundEnglishwasaverybeautifullanguage.,短语训练营,I.请选用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下列句子。,suchasbecauseofbaseoncomeupbelieveitornotattheendof,1.Herealizedthatshewascrying_whathehadsaid.2._,Johnhaspassedthedrivingtest.,becauseof,Believeitornot,3.Thisbookis_atruestory.4.Abeggar_tousandaskedformoney.5.TheyhadanEnglishexam_lastmonth.6.Girls_AnnandLucyareveryfriendly.,suchas,basedon,cameup,attheendof,suchasbecauseofbaseoncomeupbelieveitornotattheendof,II.用适当的介词填空。1.Youdbettermakefulluse_yourtime.2.Youwillfindthehospital_theendoftheroad.3.Thechurchisclose_theschool.,of,at,to,4.Wehavefriendsall_theworld.5.Aseverybodyknows,Chinahasthelargestnumber_people.6._the1980s,hewent