江西省宜春中学高中英语《Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars Language acquaintance（2）》导学案 新人教版必修3

第三册第四单元第三课时词汇导学案BOOK3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsLanguage acquaintance（2）Learning Goals:1. Learn some useful words and expressions2. Understand the text better3. Consolidation of the language points.Previewing(预习)Task1:补全下面的短语1. _ time 及时；终于2. _ eggs 下蛋3. give birth _ 产生；分娩4. _ ones turn 轮到某人；接着5. prevent.from _ 阻止；制止6. block _ 挡住（光线）7. cheer _ 感到高兴8. _ that 既然9. break _ 突发；爆发10. watch _ 密切注视；当心11. cool _ 冷却12. as _ as 也；还有13. depend _ 依靠；依赖14. get close _ 靠近Task2:用括号中所给提示翻译下列句子。(1)移动电话使得我们不论在何处都能与他人交谈。(make it possible for sb. to do sth.)译： (2)请你告诉我怎样防止这种事情发生好吗？(prevent . from . )译：(3)更重要的是，我是个乐观的人。（what is more important is）译：(4)既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母。(now that)译：Step 1: Lead-inPlay a game to check what we have learnt yesterday.Research in class(课堂探究)Step2:Thinking1. They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140million years.exist vi.存在 生存 existing adj. 现存的 existence n. 存在 生存exist in 存在之中 exist on 靠为生exist by 靠生存come into existence 开始存在，成立 bring into existence 使发生，产生(1) It was impossible for them to such a small income.(2) Some spelling mistakes your article(3) The wild man hunting wild animal in the forest.There exists/existed 某地有There exist two huge stone lions at our company gate.翻译： 。2. because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.give birth to 产生；分娩她生了一个健康漂亮的女孩.She gave birth to a fine healthy girl.有关 birth的短语:by birth He is French by birth.a second birth= rebirthGod gave him a second birthat birthbe of noble/ good birth介词填空It was reported that a woman gave birth five babies at a time.She was French birth but lived most of her time in England.The baby was only 2,000 grams birth.即学即练：1He gave _ to a strange idea in his mind that he would give up schooling and went in for business.A. hand B. birth C. thought D. on birth2. She is good at singing and dancing , so she is a good actress _.A. at birth B. by birthC. to birth D. on birth3. Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet1) Thus adv. 因此；从而She studied hard, _.He forgot to turn on the radio and _.2) In ones turn 轮到某人It will be _ to be on duty tomorrow.有关turn 的短语in turn _ by turns _take turns _ in return _Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。The children called out their names in turn.译： 。We take turns to sweep our classroom = We sweep our classroom _即学即练：（1）People attempt to avoid public transportation delay by using their own cars, and this _creates further problems.A. in short B. in case C. in doubt D. in turn（2）If we had driven all the way, you wouldnt have been so much tired.A. in return B in turnsC. by turns D. in our turn.（3）If we smile at life, life will smile on us .A. by turns B. in turnC. in return D. in our turn4. which prevents heat from escaping fromprevent sth./ sb. (from) sth./doing sth. 阻止某人某物做某事同义词组：stop (from)keepfrom（此处from不能省）Protect sb. from 保护某人不受侵袭，挡住，防御我们被阻止在课室吃早餐译：即学即用：The snowstorm prevent the work from _ on time.A. finishing B. finished C. being finished D. to lions of years to come will depend ondepend on sb. 依靠,相信某人depend on sth. 取决与某物我们都靠你来做决定了Well all _to make a decision.明天是否能开校运会取决与天气Whether to hold the sports meeting or not will _.Step2：DiscussingStep3：PresentingStep4：EvaluatingStep5：Testing单项选择1. Could I have another cup of coffee, Daddy?_ It will be hard for you to go to sleep tonight if you do.A. Better not. B. Why not?C. What for? D. As you wish.2. Zhang Heng, one of _ best-known Chinese astronomers, showed a strong interest in _ astronomy as a child.A. the; the B. the; 不填C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填3. Without gravity, we _ walk on the ground as freely as we do now.A. couldnt B. mustntC. shant D. neednt4. Simon was _ why many of his friends didnt turn up at his birthday party.A. limited B. crashedC. spotted D. puzzled5. Though I was tired out that evening, I _ from falling asleep by the great pain in my knee.A. was prevented B. had preventedC. has prevented D. am prevented6. See the model ship _ in the pool? Thats what my father made for me last weekend.A. float B. floatingC. floated D. to float7. Jack was in low spirits those days and his friends did all they could _ him up.A. cheer B. cheeringC. cheered D. to cheer8. There is a peaceful and calm _ in the country, quite different from that of a big city.A. climateB. atmosphereC. system D. situation9. It was almost midnight when a fire _ in the neighborhood.A. blocked out B. turned outC. broke out D. died out10. _ life exists on any other planet in the solar system still remains a question.A. WhyB. Whether C. How D. Where11. Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. _, it would be almost impossible to prove Jim guilty.A. Anyhow B. However C. Besides D. Thus12. _ you have worked out the first problem, you may go on to work on the second.A. Even if B. UnlessC. Now that D. Though13. May I have a look at your necklace?Sure. But be _ with it its made of glass and breaks easily.A. violent B. fundamentalC. gentle D. genuine14. In my view, choosing the right bike _ what you want to use it for.A. depends on B. does withC. belongs to D. accounts for15. Water, _ we cannot live, exists in the form of liquid, gas or solid.A. from which B. on whichC. by which D. without whichGrammar：主语从句考点一 英语中的主语从句(the subject clause)在句中作主语，有以下两种结构：1)主语从句位于句首。如：What he wanted to see was an end tO all the wars of the world他想要看到的是世界上所有战争的结束。2)主语从句位于句尾，使用先行词it作形式主语。如：It was right that the temple was rebuilt庙被改建了，这很好。在下列情况下，一般使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句放在后面：谓语部分含有seem，appear，be(im)possible，be a pity，be a wonder，be likely等。如：It appeared to scientists on the earth that the stars had moved在地球上的科学家看来，这些星球已经移动了。Its a wonder that you recognized me你能认出我来，真是奇怪。在It is known；It is said；It is hoped；It is believed等惯用的被动结构中。如：It is believed that before writing was developed，people in China used to keep records by putting a number of stones together人们认为在文字发明之前，中国人靠把许多石头聚集在一起来作记录。需要注意的是：当主语从句放在句尾而用形式主语时，形式主语只能用it，而不能使用this，that等代词。主语从句的连接词可以分为以下三类：1)that。whether(if)连接词that本身没有意义，不作句子成分，只表示从旬的开始，位于句首时，that不能省略；whether(if)含有“是否”的意思，whether可以加上“or not”，其语意不变。whether和if也有不同的用法，如果主语从句位于句首则必须用连接词whether，不用if。如：Whether well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather明天我们是否去野营取决于天气情况。2)what，who，which，whose，when，where，why，how这一类连接词，除了可以引导主语从句之外，在从句中 又分别起代词、副词或形容词的作用，在从句中分别作主语、宾语、表语、状语和定语等。what，wh0，which，whose等又称为连接代词；when，where，why，how等又称为连接副词。试比较：Who will do it doesnt matter(连接代词who在从句中作主语)谁要做这件事没关系。What we need is more water(连接代词what在从句中作need的宾语)我们所需要的是更多的水。Which of the two is better remains to be seen(连接代词which在从句中作主语)这两者中哪个更好尚待分晓。When we will start the work is important(连接副词when在从句中作时间状语)我们什么时候开始工作很重要。Where the library is to be built has not been decided yet(连接副词where在从句中作地点状语)图书馆要建在哪里还未决定。Why she was late for school is quite clear now(连接副词why在从句中作原因状语)她上学迟到的原因现在看来很清楚。Which plan is better will be announced later(which在从句中作名词plan的定语)哪个计划更好稍后会宣布。3)whatever，whoever，whomever，whicheverwhatever等连接词与what等连接代词的用法一样，只是具有较强的语意，有“凡是，不管，无论”等意思。如：Whatever he said wasnt true他说的任何事情都不是真的。Whoever guesses what I have in my hand may have it不管谁猜对了我手里拿的是什么，这东西就给他(她)。Whichever book you choose is yours无论你选中哪本书都归你。Practising1._ makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. ThatC. Whoever D. Whatever2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for3.When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not knownC. has not known D. have not known4. _ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateB. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes lateD. Being a few minutes late5. _ Tom liked to eat was different from _.A. Thatthat you had expectedB. What that you had expectedC. Thatwhat you had expectedD. Whatwhat you had expected6._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A. If.do B. That.do C. If.does D. That.does7. Its uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing.A. if B. that C. whether D. how8._ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B.