河南省洛阳市2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）

洛阳市2020学年第二学期期中考试高二英语试卷注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Why didnt the man come to class yesterday?A. He look an exam. B. He went to hospital. C. He overslept in the morning.2. Where is the man going today?A. To the restaurant. B. To the airport. C. To the womans.3. How soon is another bus?A. In five minutes. B. In fifteen minutes. C. In fifty minutes.4. How long has the woman been looking for a job?A. For weeks. B. For months. C. For days.5. Who sings better?A. The man. B. Jims father. C. Jim.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why was the man late?A. Because he had to work.B. Because of the storm.C. Because he started late.7. Where are they going?A. To the airport. B. To the company. C. To the hotel.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Where is the man going?A. To the hospital. B. To the grocery store. C. To the hotel.9. What does the man think of the people in the neighborhood?A. Outgoing. B. Talkative. C. Friendly.听第8段材料回答第10至12题。10. Whats the womans topic?A. African wildlife. B. American wildlife. C. Australian wildlife.11. What should the woman do if she knows the title?A. Make a list. B. Enter it under “title”. C. Mark it on the paper.12. What is necessary to check out books?A. The credit card. B. The library card. C. The student card.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Why does the man want to go to the US?A. To visit his relatives.B. To visit the universities.C. To study further.14. What does the man want to study?A. MBA. B. Computer. C. English.15 Which university is a good choice for those who want to study computer?A. Princeton university. B. New York university. C. Harvard University.16. Which grade is the man in?A. Grade 3 in a high school.B. Grade 1 in a high school.C. Grade I in a university.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。I7. How many people are there in the speakers family?A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.18. How old is the speaker?A. 15. B. 16. C.18.19. Whats the speakers hobby?A. Cycling. B. Going to the cinema. C. Reading.20. What do the speakers parents do?A. Work on the farm all year.B. Work in a company.C. Work at a factory sometimes.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOttawa museum of NatureThe range of products and services available at the Ottawa Museum of Nature is as broad and interesting as the range of activities.Birthday Parties: Give your child aged from 4 to 12 an unforgettable birthday party at the museum!Facility Rentals: Planning an event in Ottawa? Let our elegant, historic, castle-like setting and our dedicated staff help you create a magical event to remember!Travelling Exhibition Rentals Looking for new programming for your institution? We have many popular travelling exhibitions small and large that tour across Ottawa.Photo and Film Shoots: Either of our unique buildings would make great backdrops for your project. Whether for a commercial (广告), education, media, of fashion production, weve got a location for you.How to get here?If you are on Highway 417 (the Queensway), take the Metcalfe exit, No. 119. You Can see the museum from the highway look for a “castle” on the north side.Walking from the downtown The museum is only 20-minute walk fro Parliament Hill. Metcalfe Street takes you directly to the main entrance of the museum. Elgin and OConnor streets take you to the outer edges of the museum grounds.MembershipWe strongly advise you to apply for our membership. A lot of on-site benefits are waiting for you:Free admission to the museum for one year;Free admission to temporary blockbuster exhibitions (i. e. no special-exhibition surcharge);Discount on museum programs, including adult workshops and special lectures (to a maximum of 20%);10 points for use at the Nature Trade;10% discount at the Nature Caf.1. What can people do in the museum?A. Hold birthday parties for friends.B. Enjoy a movie from Hollywood.C. Organize a tour across Ottawa.D. Shoot an advertising video.2. What does the museum mainly do?A. Offer visitors various kinds of exhibitions.B. Carry out different social services.C. Provide special occasions and services.D. Help family and friends get together.3. What can you get as a member of the museum?A. Free snacks and coffee for a year.B. On-site discounts and offers.C. At least a 20%o discount on museum programs.D. Life-long free admission to the museum.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了渥太华自然博物馆能够提供的一些如：举办生日派对、设施租赁、旅游展览以及照片广告拍摄等特殊场合的服务。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段Either of our unique buildings would make great backdrops for your project. Whether for a commercial (广告), education, media, of fashion production, weve got a location for you.可知博物馆为商业，教育，媒体，还是时装制作等广告拍摄提供拍摄背景，故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二、三、四和第五段内容可知博物馆主要提供包括生日派对的举办、设施租赁、旅游展览以及照片和广告拍摄等等这些特殊的场合的服务，故可知选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Membership部分第一句We strongly advise you to apply for our membership. A lot of on-site benefits are waiting for you.可知博物馆会员会有许多现场福利和好处，故选B。BThis past summer I went on a journey to Canadas Arctic with Students On Ice. When I left Calgary I wondered what I would find what I would learn and who I would meet. On the trip to Ottawa I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty and excitement. But when I first met the group of students, scientists and leaders, I knew that l didnt have anything to worry about. The group was amazingly receptive and I was soon part of a big family setting out on an amazing adventurean adventure of a lifetime!When we reached the Arctic I saw a vast Land that appeared untouched and original. I was surprised by its great size and beauty and my senses were repeatedly shocked and amazed. I stood on the Kapitan Khlebnikov and saw twelve polar bears. They walked in search of seal holes, and patiently waited for a meal. I learned that polar bears are successful only one out of every twenty hunting attempts.However, I learned that the Arctic and its people are being threatened by pollution and global warming. I learned that pollutants are carried by ocean and air and have a bad effect on all Arctic people. I learned that global warming has put polar bears at risk because a warmer climate means that they have a shorter time to hunt seals on the ice.The trip was a feast (盛宴) for the senses. I have learned more about our environment, and particularly how alive and interesting the Arctic is and why it is so important to take care of it. I learned pollution, ignorance of individual and global problems need to be solved. The Arctic deserves to he preserved. My trip with Students On Ice has made me more determined to try to ensure that I do not leave harmful footprints on either Earth or its people.4. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. The writer was too excited to bring a blanket.B. The writer was thrilled and full of wonder before the trip.C. The group the writer joined was strict with its members.D. The writer found it hard to fit in with the group.5. Which is true about the polar bears according to the passage?A. Its not easy for them to catch seals.B. They are at risk because the land is vast and untouched.C. They prefer a little warmer climate.D. They warmly welcomed the writer and her party.6. How did the writer feel about the trip according to the last paragraph?A. Surprising.B. Alarming.C. Appealing.D. Rewarding.7. What would be the best title for the passage?A. Global Warming and Canadas ArcticB. The Arctic Is under Severe ThreatC. My Trip to the Canadian ArcticD. Polar Bears and Me【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者一次在加拿大北极圈之旅的经过。也记叙了作者在旅途中对北极熊的所见所闻，了解到北极及其人民正受到污染和全球变暖的威胁，以及对作者产生的感悟和启发。【4题详解】细节理解题。第一段第三句On the trip to Ottawa I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty and excitement.可知旅途之前作者充满了兴奋与好奇，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。第二段最后一句I learned that polar bears are successful only one out of every twenty hunting attempts.可知北极熊每20次捕猎尝试中只有一次成功，即北极熊抓捕海豹并不容易，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句I have learned more about our environment, and particularly how alive and interesting the Arctic is and why it is so important to take care of it.可知作者对我们的环境有了更多的了解，特别是北极是多么的生机勃勃和有趣，以及为什么保护它是如此重要。因此此次旅行对于作者来说是有收获的，有益的，故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。主要记叙了作者一次在加拿大北极圈之旅的经过，记叙了旅途中的所见所闻，以及对作者产生的感悟和启发。故选C。CScientists have found an unexpected use for virtual reality headsets (耳机). The devices (装置), widely used by computer gamers, show pictures that can be used to test the navigational (导航的) skills of people, who were thought to be at risk of dementia (痴呆). Those who do worse in the tests will be the ones more likely to develop Alzheimers disease later in life, scientists now believe.The discovery that the loss of navigational skills was associated with Alzheimers was made several years ago by Dennis Chan and his colleagues based at several centers in the UK. These studies used computers to test navigational tasks. But now scientists plan to take their tests to a new level with the use of the virtual reality headsets in which wearers are placed in man-made environments through which they must navigate.Around 300 people, aged between 40 and 60, will be arranged to participate in the study. Some will have a gene that puts them at risk of the condition or will come from a family with a history of Alzheimers. Not all will certainly be affected by the disease, however. Chans project aims to find out who will. Wearing the headsets, participants will be asked to navigate their way through a series of different environments and then remember the details.Researchers recently pointed out the significance of a tiny area of the brain known as the entorhinal cortex (an important memory center in the brain ). It acts as a center in a widespread brain network that controls navigation. This now appears to be the first part of the brain that seems to be easily harmed by Alzheimers.The goal of the work is to help people as they develop the disease. “So far, drug trials for Alzheimers have been applied when people have already got dementia, by which time considerable damage to the brain has already occurred,” Chan told the Obsenver. “If we can entorhinal cortex, then this would have the potential to prevent the dementia.”8. What does the unexpected use of VR headsets mentioned in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. Making games mor interesting for computer gamers.B. Testing ones potential to develop dementia.C. Helping people suffering Alzheimers recover.D. Reducing the risk of having dementia.9. What are the participants required to do in the study?A. Know unfamiliar environments by using tablet computers.B. Identify directions in some man-made environments.C. Play computer games by using navigational skills.D. Create special environments by using navigational skills.10. Whats implied (暗示) about the entorhinal cortex in the brain?A. Its functions have becn known for years.B. It can be expanded by using VR headsets.C. It can directly affect ones navigational skills.D. Its size depends on that of ones memory center.11. From Chans words, we can know _.A. he will spread the new drugB. he will try out the drugC. the study helps to prevent dementiaD. the study still needs to be improved【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. C【解析】这是一项说明文。有研究意外发现VR耳机设备能够用来测试那些被认为有患痴呆症风险的人的导航技能。研究人员最近指出了大脑中一个控制着人们的方向的重要小区域，很容易受到阿尔茨海默氏症的伤害。这一发现将有助于未来对痴呆症的预防工作。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句The devices (装置), widely used by computer gamers, show pictures that can be used to test the navigational (导航的) skills of people, who were thought to be at risk of dementia (痴呆).可知VR耳机设备意外的用途是能够用来测试那些被认为有患痴呆症风险的人的导航技能，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。第三段最后一句Wearing the headsets, participants will be asked to navigate their way through a series of different environments and then remember the details.可知在这次研究中，参与者将被要求在一系列不同的环境中导航，然后记住细节。即参与者需要在一些人造环境中辨别方向，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。第四段倒数第二句It acts as a center in a widespread brain network that controls navigation.可知大脑中的内嗅皮层是一个控制导航的大脑网络的中心，即它会直接影响一个人的导航技能，故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。文章最后一句If we can entorhinal cortex, then this would have the potential to prevent the dementia.可知从Chan的话中，我们可以知道这项研究将有助于预防痴呆症，故选C。DAfter decades of cat-and-mouse between athletes and the word anti-doping agency (WADA), athletes found what they must have believed to be the ultimate (终极的) doping agent: their own blood. To enhance athletic performance with your own blood, you draw your blood and store it in a freezer. Your body compensates by creating more blood. Then, months later, just before a competition, you can re-inject (注射) the old blood for a boost. As the red-blood-cell count goes up, so does an athletes ability to absorb oxygen. The more oxygen you get with each breath, the more energy your body is able to bum and the better you are able to perform.Although the enhancement is small compared to actual drugs, it can be the difference between a gold medal and a silver medal. Best of all, “extra blood” was never something WADA tested for.But WADA wasnt going to sit by and be fooled. What it came up with in response might be a solution to stop doping once and for all: an athlete biological passport (ABP). The idea is to record some biological features of an athlete through testing done at regular intervals. The biological passports partial implementation (实施)recording blood and steroid levelsbegan in January 2020.When all necessary biological features are finally combined WADA will no longer need to worry about finding new methods to detect a drug. It will only have to detect (检测) resulting changes in the body. In the case of blood doping, if the athletes normal red-blood-cell count is, say, 47%, but then is found to be 51% after a competition, cheating may have been involved.WADA is confident that the biological passport could even prevent genetic changesthe ultimate, ever-lasting enhancementwhich are surely coming next. If an athlete inserts a performance enhancing gene, it will probably leave detectable changes in the body, that would differ from the athletes feature in the biological passport.12. What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Treatment.B. Test.C. Promotion.D. Recovery.13. What words can be used to describe the athlete biological passport?A. Complex and expensive.B. Simple and thorough.C. Flexible an popular.D. Controversial and confusing.14. What s the writers attitude towards the solution of anti-doping mentioned in the text?A. Suspicious.B. Positive.C. Worried.D. Unconcerned.15. What can we infer about the athlete biological passport?A. It can only be used to test blood doping.B. It has been completely adopted by WADA.C. It is the excellent alternative of many athletes.D. Its a good choice to ensure faimess in sports【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提到了反兴奋剂机构提出了一项用于测试运动员是否服用兴奋剂的测试方法，那就是他们的生物护照。生物护照可以通过检测运动员身体的变化来得知他们是否服用了兴奋剂，它甚至可以预防和阻止他们的基因改变。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文As the red-blood-cell count goes up, so does an athletes ability to absorb oxygen.可知在注入了旧血之后，随着红细胞数量的增加，运动员吸收氧气的能力也随之提高。因此划线部分意思为“提高；提升”，故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句It will only have to detect (检测) resulting changes in the body.可知运动员生物护照只需要检测身体变化就可以得到需要的数据，因此是简单易操作的；且根据第五段第一句WADA is confident that the biological passport could even prevent genetic changesthe ultimate, ever-lasting enhancementwhich are surely coming next.可知这种生物护照甚至可以预防阻止基因上的改变，相比于其他的检测方法，生物护照的检查能够更加全面。综上，生物护照的特性是“简单并且全面”，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句When all necessary biological features are finally combined, WADA will no longer need to worry about finding new methods to detect a drug.作者认为当将所有必要的生物特征最终结合起来时，WADA将不再需要担心寻找新的方法来检测药物。可知作者对于作者对文中提到的反兴奋剂问题解决方案是积极肯定的，故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句What it came up with in response might be a solution to stop doping once and for all: an athlete biological passport (ABP).可知运动员的生物护照可能是一个彻底停止使用兴奋剂的解决方案。即可推测生物护照会是保证体育竞赛公平的一个良好的选择，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Taking care of a sick loved one can put stress on your health. When taking care of other persons, you may ignore your own physical needs. You may find that your health is failing. If you fall ill, you wont be able to help. _16_.Eat well. When things seem out of control, you may have no time to focus on good eating habits. You may not eat much; _17_. Both of those put stress on you. Try to eat as healthily as you can, even if sometimes you have to rely on simple meals like salads.Try to get enough sleep. Sleep can also be difficult when youre caring for a loved one. You may be too worried to sleep at times, _18_. Not getting enough sleep can make you less effective in the task. Therefore, try to get as much as you can.Take time to exercise. Exercising will also help you keep healthy while youre caring for a loved one. Exercise can reduce your stress level. _19_. So youll need to find ways to work it into your schedule. You can take a short walk a couple of times or do yoga at home._20_. It can be easy to overlook the health problem in yourself when youre caring for someone else. If you fall ill, that does not do anyone good. So its best to make sure youre in good health.A. or you may end up eating junk foodB. or the task may interrupt your sleepC. Dont ignore signs of illness in yourselfD. It can help you get recovered from illne