高二英语暑假专题：倒装译林出版社知识精讲

高二英语暑假专题：倒装高二英语暑假专题：倒装译林出版社译林出版社 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 暑假专题：倒装 二. 教学目标： 掌握语法倒装并熟练解题 三. 教学重难点： 倒装 倒装的种类： 全部倒装是把全部谓语放在主语之前. 部分倒装是把助动词、情态动词或 be 动词放在主语之前. 以下句式中句子使用倒装语序 1. 在 there be 结构中（be 可以换成表示存在的动词 live, stand, lie, come, exist 等） There stand a lot of tall trees in our school. Long long ago, there lived a king. 2. 以 here, there, out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头,谓语动词为 be, come, go, run, walk, rush, fall 或者以 then, now 开头,谓语动词为 come, follow, begin, end, be 等, 主语又是名词,主谓要用完全倒装. Away walked the stranger. Here comes the bus. 注意：Look! Here they come. 3. 当句首为表示地点的介词短语时，如果句子的主语为名词，那么句子的主语 和谓语完全倒装。 On the wall hangs a large map of China. They arrived at a house, in front of which sat a small boy. 注意：In the armchair she sat. 4. 有时当句子没有宾语而主语又比较长,或者为了使上下文紧密衔接,常把状语、 表语放在句首,主谓完全倒装. Gone are the days when we are young. 5. only 所修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,主句用部分倒装. Only by working hard can you succeed. Only when he told me about the news did I know the truth. 6. 以 often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, every two hours 等频率副词以及 well, thus 等作状语位于句首时,用部分倒装. Many a time has he given me good advice. Thus was it stolen. 7. 当 never, never before, not , no, little, seldom, nowhere, hardly /scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, not onlybut also, not until, by no means（决不）, in no case, in no way, in no time, no longer 等表示否定或 半否定意义的副词、介词短语、连词等放在句首时，用部分倒装. Not a single word did he speak at the meeting. No sooner had he arrived than it began to rain. Not until a week later did he receive the letter. Not only was the city polluted but the streets were crowded. 8. 以 so, neither, nor 开头的句子或分句中,表示某人、某事或某种情况与前 面提到的相同,此结构的主谓部分倒装. I can speak English, （and） so can you. 注意: 1. 主谓不倒装则表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定 Your father smoked a lot. So he did. 9. 在 so + adj./adv. + that 结构中,若 So + adj./adv. 放在句首,主句用部 分倒装.（suchthat结构一样） So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. 10. such 和 be 连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如： Such was the story he told. 11. if 引导的虚拟条件句, 可省略 if, 把 should, had 或 were 放在主语前. Were I your father, I would not give you the money. 12. 在由 as/though“尽管”引导的让步状语从句中, 常将从句中的表语或副词 状语调到句首,但从句的主谓语序不倒装. Much as the child wanted it, he didnt dare to say so 13. however / no matter how 等引导的让步状语从句中,常将从句中的形容词、 副词提到句首,紧跟在 however 之后,但从句的主谓语序不倒装. However difficult computer science is, I will try my best to master it. 【典型例题】 1. Never again _ political office after his 1928 defeat for the presidency. A. Alfred seriously sought B. seriously Alfred sought C. when did Alfred seriously seek D. did Alfred seriously seek 【答案】D。 never 否定词放在句首，遇到这样的情况句子要部分倒装。将句 中的助动词提前倒装。原句语序为 Alfred seriously sought political office，一般过去时，将助动词 did 提前，动词还原变为 did Alfred seriously seek political office。故正确选项为 D 项。 2. _ that this region was so rich in natural resources. A. Little he knew B. Little did he know C. Little he did know D. Little he had known 【答案】B。 题中 that this region was so rich in natural resources 为 know 的宾语从句，句子主干是选项当中出现的 little he knew，意思是“他一 点也不知情” 。little 表示“几乎没有” ，有否定含意，放在句首句子要部分倒装， 句中的过去时助动词 did 要提到主语前，则句子变为“little did he know” 。正 确选项为 B。 3. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice _ his head. A. that he turned B. did he turn C. he didnt turn D. he had turned 【答案】B。 not until 是否定词，放在句首句子需部分倒装。句中是过去时， 助动词为 did，将其提前放在句子主语 he 的前面，句子倒装为 did he turn his head。故正确选项为 B。句意为“直到我以最大的声音喊叫，他才转过头来。 ”注 意：“I shouted at the top of my voice”是跟在 until 之后的从句，所以不倒 装。 知识小提示： notuntil 表示“直到才” ，若句子不倒装分开使用，He didnt turn his head until I shouted at the top of my voice.在倒装和强调的时候否定词 not 提前和 until 一起使用，则变为 Not until I shouted at the top of my voice did he turn his head.或 It was not until I shouted at the top of my voice that he turned his head. 4. Only in recent years _ begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do more good than harm. A. people have B. since people have C. have people D. people who have 【答案】C。 only+状语 in recent years 放在句首，句子要部分倒装。助动 词 have 提前到主语 people 之前。故 C 为正确选项。 5. Only when you have obtained sufficient data _ come to a sound conclusion. A. can you B. you can C. would you D. you would 【答案】A。 only+状语从句 when you have obtained sufficient data 放在 句首，句子要部分倒装。 “只有当你得到了足够的数据后，你才能得到一个合理的 结论。 ” ，使用情态动词 can 而不用 would。故 A 为正确选项。注意：本句中的 when you have obtained sufficient data 是状语从句，不倒装。 6. _ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent. A. Such construction robots are clever B. So clever the construction robots are C. So clever are the construction robots D. Such clever construction robots are 【答案】C。 so/suchthat句型中，如 so 与其后的形容词、副词或 such 所接的名词词组提前，则句子部分倒装。本句的句意为“建筑机器人如此聪明以至 于可以减少建筑工地上 90%的劳动力。 ”如使用 so，则不倒装的语序为 the construction robots are so clever that，倒装时 so clever 提前，主谓倒装 变成 so clever are the construction robots, 故 C 项是正确选项。如用 such 则不倒装的语序为 they are such clever construction robots，倒装时主谓颠 倒变为 Such clever construction robots are they，故 D 项缺少主语 they，为 错误选项。 7. Her answer is not acceptable, and _. A. neither am I B. either is mine C. neither is mine D. mine is neither 【答案】C。 在英语中表示“也（不） ”用 so/neither/nor+倒装结构， 其中 neither, nor 用于否定。本题中对前一句进行肯定， “我的回答也是不可接受 的” ，故用 neither/nor倒装结构，助动词为 is，所以正确答案为 neither/nor is mine，C 项。 8. _ notebook that I promised you last week. A. Here is the B. Here are the C. Is here the D. Are here the 【答案】B。 here, there 等表示方向的副词放在句首，句子需完全倒装。 “这是我上星期承诺给你的笔记。 ” 9. Beneath our feet _ that our life depends on for food and clothing. A. the earth lay B. the earth lies C. lie the earth D. lies the earth 【答案】D。 beneath our feet 是介词短语做地点状语，放在句首，句子需 完全倒装。本句句意为“在我们脚下的是我们赖以生存获取食物和衣物的土地。 ” that 从句是一个定语修饰 the earth，解题时可不看，则本句变为 the earth lies beneath our feet。完全倒装动词谓语部分 lies 全部提前放到主语 the earth 前，正确语序为 beneath our feet lies the earth that our life depends on for food and clothing。故正确选项为 D。 10. _ a little more time to think, he might have acted more sensibly. A. If he took B. If he has taken C. Had he taken D. Should he take 【答案】C 这句话的意思是“要是他再多花一点时间去思考，他就会表现得更 理智了。 ”这是一个虚拟语气的句子，主句谓语为 might have acted，可判断这是 对过去的虚拟，因此 if 从句应使用过去完成时 had+v-ed 的形式, If he had taken a little more time to think, he might have acted more sensibly. if 省略，则 had 提前，故句子变为 Had he taken a little more time to think, he might have acted more sensibly. 【模拟试题】 1. _ received law degrees as today. A. Never so women have B. The women arent ever C. Women who have never D. Never have so many women 2. So fast _ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A. light travel B. travels the light C. do light travel D. does light travel 3. _ the beginning of the 19th century did scientists know that all matter is made up of atoms. A. At B. By C. Up to D. Not until 4. Hardly _ he got out of the court _ the reporters raised a lot of questions to him. A. had when B. hadthan C. didwhen D. hasthan 5. Among these books _ a dictionary that his father gave him as a birthday present. A. have included B. is included C. has included D. are included 6. Important _ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time. A. to B. for C. as D. although 7. According to the periodic table, _ still some elements undiscovered. A. there seem to be B. it seems C. it seems to be D. here seems 8. Here _ you want to see. A. the manager comes B. comes the manager C. comes a manager D. is coming a manager 9. Barry can hardly drive a car, _. A. so cant Molly B. cant Molly either C. Molly cant too D. neither can Molly 10. _ for the leadership of the Party, we should not have succeeded. A. Had not it been B. Had it not been C. There