高中英语Unit 3 Art and architecture—语法：过去分词（二）做宾语补足语人教版知识精讲

高二英语Unit 3 Art and architecture语法：过去分词（二）做宾语补足语人教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Unit 3 Art and Architecture语法：过去分词（二）做宾语补足语二. 知识总结与归纳：（一）本单元有关语法结构的重点句回顾：1. Every culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty expressed in art and architecture.2. They wanted their buildings constructed in a way to look unusual.3. When you look around at buildings, streets, squares and parks, you will find them designed, planned and built in different styles.4. Frank Lloyd Wright, who built an art museum in New York, found himself inspired by Japanese seashells.（二）语法结构总结：谓语动词+宾语+过去分词（done）：done短语做宾语补语，表示“宾语”被；（过去分词与前面的宾语具有动宾关系）。在这种句型里常用的谓语动词有：see; hear; find; get; have; notice; want; make; keep等。例句：1. Why dont you get the job done by somebody else ?2. I want these things changed.3. The police found a car abandoned by the roadside.4. She felt a great load taken off her mind.5. You might as well have our wall whitewashed.6. Although we may not realize it, when we talk with others we make ourselves understood not just by words. We send messages to the people around us also by our expression and body movement.（三）have something done 结构的不同意义：（1）找人做这件事 （2）已经做了这件事 （3）使遭受例句：1. Many town and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.2. I have had all the branches cut up for firewood.3. “Cant you read this notice ? You need to have your eyes tested.” She said to me in surprise.4. I had my pocket picked in the bus.5. He has had his hands burned.（四）动词不定式，分词（-ing形式；dine）做宾补的意义比较：动词+宾语+宾语补语。“宾语补语”补充说明宾语“做了什么”；“正在做什么”；“去做什么”；或者“被.”。根据宾语补语表达的意思，可以用do, to do, doing, done形式做宾语的补足语.即动词不定式，分词短语做宾语补语。1. The landlady asked Mr. Brown to put his coat in the closet.2. My boss made me redo my report because he wasnt satisfied with it.3. I stood on the bridge and watched the boats passing by.4. His remark left me wondering.5. Anyone who is caught cheating in the exam will be punished according to the rules.注意：do短语和doing短语作宾语补语时意义上的不同。例：see somebody do something. 看到某人做了某事see somebody doing something 看到某人正在做某事1. They saw the boy jump down from the roof and enter the house.2. I saw them crossing the street and coming up to【典型例题】一. 单项选择：1. At any rate, I did not succeed in making myself _ by you.A. understandB. understoodC. understandingD. to understand分析：make oneself done：使自己被答案：B2. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out分析：that they would like to see _ next year.是定语从句修饰the plan，先行词在从句中做see的宾语。see sth. done结构答案：C3. May I know what time by your watch ?I had mine _ on the bus yesterday.A. missingB. stealC. stolenD. to be stolen分析：have sth done结构：我的表被偷了。答案：C4. The master was very angry and had all the servants _ before him.A. to be broughtB. be broughtC. broughtD. being brought分析：have sth done结构：把所有的用人带到他面前。答案：C5. M father encouraged me in painting, but he never loved to see any of my works _ in public.A. exhibitionB. exhibitedC. having exhibitedD. being exhibited分析：see sth done结构：看到我的任何一部作品在公众面前被展出。答案：B二. 句型转换：1. He got someone to fix his bike.He got his bike _.2. How do you want them to decorate your new room ?How do you want your new room _?3. His only wish for his money is to have the local government build a school for children from poor family.His only wish for his money is to have a school for children from poor family _ _ _ _ _.答案：fixed ; decorated ; built by the local government三. 翻译句子：1. 春节快到了，妈妈想叫人给门刷刷油漆，于是爸爸买来了最好的漆。2. 你应该设法让人听懂你的话。3. 他发现外面的世界全变了。4. 他想让此事立刻得到解决。答案：1. Spring Festival is coming. Mum wants the door painted. So Dad has bought the best paint.2. You ought to try to make yourself understood.3. He found the world outside completely changed.4. He would like this matter settled immediately.【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）一. 单项选择：1. The missing boy were last seen _near the river.A. playingB. to be plyingC. playD. to play2. Mother didnt leave until she saw her child _ the street and _ the school gate.A. crossing; enteringB. crossing; enterC. cross; enteringD. cross; enter3. Who did the teacher have _ an article for the wall newspaper just now ?A. writingB. writeC. to writeD. written4. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees _ around our school.A. plantB. plantedC. plantingD. being planted5. John rushed out in a hurry, _ the door _.A. leaving; unlockedB. leaving; unlockingC. left; unlockedD. to leave; unlocked6. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until next Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be known7. Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.A. to have inventedB. inventingC. to inventD. having invented二. 完型填空：The yearly Marathon in my town usually happened during a heat wave. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance _1_ any of them needed medical attention.“Were supposed to stay behind the _2_ runner, so take it slowly,” I said to the driver, Doug, as the race started.The front-runners started to _3_ and then my eyes were _4_ to the woman in blue silk running shorts and a loose white T-shirt.We knew we were already watching our “last runner.” Her _5_ were so crippled （残疾的）that it seemed almost impossible for her to be able to walk, _6_ alone run a marathon.Doug and I _7_ in silence as she slowly moved forward. _8_, she was the only runner left in sight. Tears streamed down my face when I watched with respect _9_ she pushed forward with great _10_ through the last miles.When the finish line came into sight, rubbish lay everywhere and the _11_ crowds had long gone home. _12_, standing straight and ever so proud _13_ a lone man. He was _14_ one end of a ribbon（缎带）of crepe paper（皱纹纸）_15_ to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the paper fluttering behind her.I do not know this womans name, but that day she became part of my _16_ a part I often depend on. For her, it wasnt about _17_ the other runners or winning a prize, but about _18_ what she had set out to do, no matter _19_. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-cant-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how _20_ the task before me really is.1. A. so thatB. in caseC. even thoughD. only if2. A. firstB. bestC. onlyD. last3. A. runB. separateC. disappearD. appear4. A. drawnB. thrownC. fixedD. caught5. A. handsB. legsC. armsD. body6. A. letB. leaveC. speakD. take7. A. watchedB. droveC. observedD. stared8. A. QuicklyB. UnluckilyC. NaturallyD. Finally9. A. sinceB. beforeC. asD. until10. A. painB. determinationC. strengthD. desire11. A. tiredB. waitingC. cheeringD. impatient12. A. BesidesB. ThereforeC. YetD. Fortunately13. A. stoodB. waitedC. cameD. had14. A. helpingB. catchingC. holdingD. tying15. A. keptB. tiedC. connectedD. led16. A. dreamB. feelingC. ideaD. life17. A. followingB. hopingC. encouragingD. beating18. A. finishingB. realizingC. startingD. winning19. A. whereB. howC. whenD. what20.A. difficultB. interestingC. easyD. hopeful三. 阅读理解：Many people take it for granted that black is a color of bad things while white should always mean something good. This may be because, in their opinion, black is related to darkness and white to purity. However, that is not always the case. Did you know that the same one color may mean differently places of the world ?In the English-speaking world, black is the color of mourningpeople wear black at the funeral. Red is concerned with danger or bloodshed. Yellow is the word for fear, if you are afraid, you are yellow. Yet none of these sayings is true outside the English-speaking world. In China and Korea white is the color of mourning. In Russia, China and some other countries, red stands for beauty, life and excellent. In Italy and Germany, you are yellow with anger, not with fear.Even within the English-speaking area, it is not difficult to find color contradictions（矛盾）. A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station, in Britain, however, a redcap is a military policeman. Both names are logical, because both men wear red caps. Similarly, the British term for an American white collar worker is sometimes called a black-coated worker.One does not have to cross an area to find color differences. Would you rather be redblooded or ablueblood ? If we go back to the origin, we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest. The expression “blueblood” comes from Spain, where some noble families proudly told the world that they had “ blue blood”. Actually they meant that they had no Moorish or Jewish blood. But then why “blue” blood ?Because they were fair skinned, and it is only natural that their blood vessels stood out appearing blue.1. Yellow is concerned with anger in _.A. RussiaB. BritainC. GermanyD. China2. The two meaning of the term redcap result from a difference in _.A. pronunciationB. climatic conditionsC. logical relationshipD. custom3. Both Britain and America would probably agree that _.A. black is the color of mourning.B. a black-coated worker is employed in an office.C. red stands for beauty and excellent.D. a redcap is a porter in a station.4. It is not stated but implied（暗示）that some noble families in Spain had _ color.A. blackB. whiteC. blueD. red5. The best title for this reading selection is _.A. The Origin of Blue Blood.B. The Development of the Symbolic（象征性的）Use of Colors.C. Color that Carry Bad Meaning.D. The Meaning Concerned with Certain Colors【试题答案】一. 单项选择：1. A see sb.doing的被动结构：sb. be seen doing：那个男孩被看见正在河边玩。2. D see sb. do sth结构：看见某人作了某事。3. B have sb.do sth结构：让某人做某事：老师让谁写这篇文章？4. B have sth.done结构：过去分词做宾语thousands of trees的补语，表示被动意义。5. A _ the door _为伴随状语，用doing短语表达。Unlocked做宾语the door的补语，表被动关系。6. B make sth. known to sb.结构：使某人知道7. A 本题考查了动词不定式完成式的用法。根据句意：人们通常认为Charles Babbage发明了第一台电脑。这里不定式结构为：somebody be considered to do/to have done. “发明电脑”动作是在consider之前。二. 完型填空：1. B 我的工作是开着救护车跟在运动员后面以防他们有人需要救护。In case:以免，以防。2. D 从后面内容可以看出；救护车跟在最后一名运动员后面。3. C 前面的运动员都消失了，4. A 我的目光被吸引在（最后）的妇女身上。5. B 这为妇女几乎都不能走，所以她的腿有残疾。6. A 更不用说跑马拉松了。固定短语：Let alone: 更不用说了。7. A 我们在默默地注视着她。D项缺少介词at：stare at。8. D 最后，她成为我视线中唯一一名运动员了。9. C 她一边以坚定的意志向前“跑”，我一边注视着她。10.