高三英语高考第一轮复习——Book I Unit 7－8人教版知识精讲

高三英语高考第一轮复习Book I Unit 78人教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：一轮复习Book I Unit 78（一）重点单词（二）重点短语（三）重点语法二、知识精讲：（一）重点单词1. representYour opinion cant represent that of the majority.The statue represent peasants praying to God.Ill try to represent my idea to you in another way.2. include侧重整体包括部分，包括，含进去Class 2 includes 10 girls.The price includes both house and furniture.including: prep.I have to prepare food for seven people including me. =I have to prepare food for seven people, me included.与contain的区别：contain：指容量和成分的包含；能容纳；抑制、控制（情感）Sea water contains salt.How much does this bottle contain?The hall will contain 3000 people.He could hardly contain his anger.3. damage v. & n.The storm did great damage to the crops.The earthquake damaged thousands of buildings.damage/destroy/ruindamage指的是部分“破坏”“损害”，指使用价值降低。destroy 指彻底破坏，以至于不能修复，常作“破坏、毁灭”解，也用于指希望、计划等被打破。destroy ones hoperuin 表示破坏严重，但不像destroy那样毁灭此物，而是强调致使该物的使用价值出现了问题。ruin ones health4. breath n.上气不接下气out of breath深呼吸take a breath屏住呼吸hold ones breath白费口舌waste ones breath5. effect n. affect vt. effective adj.have good/bad effects oncome into effecttake effectputinto effect=bringinto effect6. point1) 得分 They scored 85 points in the basketball game last week.2) 尖端 the point of a needle3) 点：小数点；观点；要点；关键点；空间、时间点Thats the first point I want to make.a turning pointYouve got a point there.a point of viewI was on the point of leaving when I heard somebody crying.Her answer is to the point.7. weighDid you weigh the apples you picked?The apples weighed 6 pounds.The panda weighs quite heavy.The judge weighed all the facts before making a decision.即学即用：Quite by chance, the man found the worlds largest diamond, _weigh_ more than half a kilogram.The worlds largest jiaozi was made, _weigh_ incredible 480 kilograms.（二）重点短语1. give in vi.Never give in to difficulty.give up vt.give off vt. (light, smoke, smell)give out vt. /vi.1) 放出、发出（light，smell，sound）2) 分发3) 发表、公布（消息）4) 用尽、耗尽、筋疲力尽After a month their food supplies gave out.The teacher gave out the exam papers.It was given out that taxes would be raised again.It gives out flashes of light in the fog.give away vt.1) 免费送出某物；赠送2) 分发、赠送3) 由于大意而未利用或抓住时机或机会4) 有意无意地泄露、出卖They gave away their last chance of winning the match.His broad Liverpool accent gave him away.He gave away most of his money to Charity.(慈善)The headmaster gave away the prizes at the school sports day.2. under attackunder discussionunder treatmentunder considerationunder repairunder controlunder conditionsunder construction3. in ruinsin groupsin pairsin tearsin twos and threesin pieces处于危险中处于麻烦中处于债务中处于使用中处于需求中in commonin publicin shortin turnin returnin advancein bed4. set up：架好、竖起；建立、创立（机构或设施）found：成立、创办（组织、学校、国家、政权等机构）；也可以是某种学说或理论的创立put up：搭起、建起; 举起；张贴、挂起；住宿，使寄宿build：建筑；社会制度、人际关系等抽象概念的建立；引申为培养、发展、增强等义。5. bringback to life6. pull down7. stand for The five Olympic rings stand for five continents.8. tieThe host team tied the guest team in baseball.The score was tied 6-6.Please tie the dog to the fence.There are many ties of friendship between the two countries.9. prepare1) They are preparing an exhibition of art.2) Have you prepared to go on a trip?3) Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.4) Teachers are preparing their pupils for the final exams.5) How much are you prepared to pay?6) We must be prepared for twists and turns.7) Theyve sold out their house and car in preparation for leaving the country.即学即用：The students, if _, will pass the examination without much difficulty.A. preparing B. prepared C. to prepare D. ready10. A. more thanB. no more thanC. not more thanD. morethanE. no more than即学即用：She is _ my teacher. She is my friend as well.She was _sad _angry.A whale is _ a fish _ a horse is.The new edition is _ expensive _ the old one. They are of the same price.I had _ 5 dollars in my pocket. I cant afford a meal.Lizzie was _ a little sad to see her friend off at the airport.Yao Ming has _ just size: he also has great skill and speed.11. every four yearsevery fourth yearevery other year12. join inattendtake part in13. make changes14. track and field15. would rather do than doprefer to do rather than do（三）重点语法1. where 引导地点状语从句课文例句：Where there is a river, there is a city.仿句：Where there is a will, there is a way.Please keep sitting where you are.翻译：把它放在原来的地方。即学即用：Mum, what did your doctor say? He advised me to live _ the air is fresher.A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where2. 形容词作状语。课文例句：Strong, proud and united, the people of St. Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.翻译以下句子：She lay in bed, awake.She stood there, unable to believe what had happened.Hungry and tired, he went to sleep.He came back, safe and sound.3. 现在完成时的被动语态动词形式：has/have been done把下列句子变成被动语态：Tourists have damaged some cultural sites.Some cultural sites _ _ _ by tourists.The villager has set up a website to help people learn more about the cultural relics._ to help people learn more about the cultural relics.4. 一般将来时的被动语态动词形式：will be done；be going to be done；be to be done把下列句子变成被动语态：They will make all the flags by hand.How will _ _ _ _ _?The government will spend almost 100 million yuan on this program.Almost 100 million yuan _ _ _ on this program.即学即用：In a room above the store, where a party_, some workers were busily setting the table.A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held三. 高考聚焦：1. If you are traveling _ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.A. in which B. what C. when D. where2. Smoking is bad for your health. Yes, I know. But I simply cant _.A. give it up B. give it in C. give away D. gives off3. Dont mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _ that shocking ending.A. give away B. give out C. held up D. used up4. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _.A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up5. The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was _ on the radio yesterday.A. turned out B. found out C. given out D. carried out6. After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _.A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tiredC. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired7. _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising8. We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all .A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up9. I tried phoning her office, but I couldnt_.A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through10. A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up11. Have you _?No. I had the wrong number.A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through12. Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only _ ones strength, but also develop ones character.A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up13. _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. BeforeB. Where C. Unless D. Until14. We are just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.A. where B. that C. when D. which15. Do you have anything to say for yourself? Yes, there is one point _ we must insist on.A. why B. where C. how D. 16. After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do.A. that B. what C. which D. where17. _and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.A. To be tiredB. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired答案：DAAAC BBCDD DCBAD DBBook I Unit 910预习导学案1. 背诵Unit 910的单词、短语, 并查出以下重点词语的各种用法：1) depend2) add以及相关词组3) measure以及有关词组4) break以及相关词组5) call以及相关词组6) in case7) to当介词用的动词短语总结归纳2. 自学特殊句型： find/make/feel/think it +adj. /n. + for sb. to do。完成下面的题：The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A. that B. it C. this D. him3. 预习ever的所有连词，了解它们的用法。4. 自学现在进行时的被动语态，体会高考题例：Why dont we choose that road to save time?The bridge to it _.A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired尝试把下列句子变成被动语态：Some scientists are studying human cloning.They are collecting money for the project.【模拟试题】（答题时间：80分钟）一. 语音1. statue A capsule B. cave C. damage D pyramid2. official A. recreate B. ancient C. career D. choice*3. pollution A. include B. cultural C. unite D. adult4. represent A. artist B. dynasty C. apologize D. course*5. project A. official B. comment C. pollution D. studio6. competitor A. compete B. gesture C. athlete D. competition7. position A. raise B. toast C. course D. rescue*8. effect A. error B. closet C. equal D. separate9. superstar A. unite B. cultural C. fault D. adult10. facial A. script B. face C. official D. recreate二. 单词拼写1. The foreign ministers will （代表） their governments at the conference.2. The （画像） of George Washington , which were found and restored in 2001, can now be seen in a museum.3. A group of villagers in Guilin are planning to protect their c relics.*4. The old paintings have been carefully （再创作）.5. The storm did great d to the crops.6. The repair （工程） has brought more visitors to Beijing.7. The news is almost certainly true although it is not （官方的）.8. There are many kinds of （污染）.9. Some （古老的） cities were damaged by tourists and villagers.10. The old city wall was built in the Ming D .11. Do you enjoy the sports in which people _(比赛) for prizes?12. It is quite _(不平常) to snow at this time of year.13. More and more women take part in the Olympic Games in _(现代的) times.14. The five Olympic rings stand for the five _.15. The Olympic _ is “Faster, Higher, Stronger”.16. In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, _ third of all the competing countries.17. To host the Olympics is another great _（竞赛）.18. Beijing is building sports venues in p_ for the 2020 Olympics.19. Being the host of the Olympics will have both good and bad e_on the host city.三. 单项选择1. Im well the exam.A. prepared by B. prepared for C. prepare for D. prepare to*2. A medical team two doctors and six nurses have been sent to the flood areas.A. having been made up by B. made up ofC. being made up with D. to be made up of*3. Youd better_ your new suit to work or it will soon look as dirty as all your other clothes.A. give up to wear B. give up wearingC. give up dress D. give up dressing4. “_! There is a stone before you.” Sarah said to Jack.A. Watch outB. Be carefulC. Look outD. all of the above*5. Both the boy and his dog _were crossing the street were hit by a coming car.A. which B. who C. they D. that*6. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _ a native speaker.A. as fluent as B. more fluent thanC. so fluently as D. much fluently than7. Mike is the only one of the students who _ Japanese.A. know B. knows C. knowing D. known*8. _ the gained knowledge, he made his new inventions one after another.A. Owing to B. According to C. Due to D. By9. Mr. Johnson _ his boss _ his careless mistake.A. apologizedaboutB. apologized to aboutC. apologized to forD. apologizedfor10. When he was ten, Edison _a small lab of his own.A. put up B. set up C. send up D. build up11.The earthquake yesterday_ many houses in the city, leaving many people homeless.A. damaged B. had ruined C. destroyed D. harmed12. After the repair work , those old bridges were _.A. bring back to life B. brought back to lifeC. brought back to a living D. brought back to live*13. The book _twenty passages _two short plays.A. contains, includes B. is containing, includingC. includes , containing D. contains, including*14. The winners stood on the platform, _.None of them could keep back their tears.A. excitedly B. excited C. exciting D. to be exciting15. _the exhibition might be put off. That depends.A. I have been toldB. I have told C. Im told D. I told*16. He _smoking and never will he _.A. is used to, give it up B. is used to, give up itC. used to, give it up D. used to, give up*17. Freedom Tower will be built _the WTO_.A. where , is used to standing B. where , used to standC. at where , used to stand D. at the place , is used to stand*18. Last night, I _in bed, _, listening to the storm wind.A. was laying , waking B. was lying , wakenC. was lying , awake D. was lying , asleep*19. More than one student _go to the library in class.A. have been allowed to B. has allowed toC. have allowed to D. has been allowed to20. In _, more and more people care fame and wealth instead of friendship and family.A. the modern time B. modern timeC. the modern times D. modern times*21. Chinese team won 16 gold medals, _ 14 were won by women.A. of that B. of which C. of them D. of whose22. It is reported Shanghai _ as one of the most expensive cities to live in.A. ranks B. matches C. awards D. rises23. He took pity on the people in the flooded-areas and _ his clothes and quilts to them.A. gave away B. gave out C. broke up D. sent for*24. _ for the worst in advance, and you wont feel too sad if you fail.A. Prepare B. Preparing C. To prepare D. Having prepared25. The spokesman says the new rules are expected to come into _ next year.A. being B. existence C. effect D. service四、阅读AIn a survey of 1,500 European hotel managers, Americans were ranked second, behind the Japanese, as the worlds best tourists. In the survey, conducted in April by the online travel site Expedias German branch, Americans were seen as the most likely to try to speak a foreign language and the most interested in sampling local food.Americans came in third, behind the Japanese and British, as the “most polite” tourists, and third, behind the Japanese and Germans, as “best behaved.” And - were sure this has nothing to do with how the hotel managers view Americans - Americans were ranked far and away as the worlds most generous tippers and biggest spenders.On the other hand, Americans were seen as the shabbiest dressers, the most likely to complain and the second noisiest. Whos louder? Only the Italians.Some of the other findings: Russians were seen as the least polite travelers, followed by the Israelis and French. The stingiest tippers: the Germans, followed by the French and Israelis.Italians, by far, were ranked as the best dressers, followed by the French and Spanish. In terms of bad dressing, the British were a distant second to Americans, followed by the Germans.Whos the most unwilling to try speaking in a foreign language? The French, the British and the Italians, in that order.The Chinese are the most reluctant to sample foreign food, followed closely by - this is strange - the British, whose home cuisine is probably the worlds most seriously laughed at (a little unfairly, perhaps.)And, finally, the overall award for “worst tourists in the world” goes to the French, with the Indians and Chinese taking home the silver and bronze, respectively.1. The writer presents the passage here hoping to _.A. praise some travelers B. criticize some travelersC. present the result of a survey D. encourage people to travel2. Considering the best behaviour, the tourists ranking second are from _.A. Britain B. America C. Japan D. Germany3. According to the survey, the worst dressers in tourists are _.A. the British B. Americans C. the Germans D. the Spanish*4. The underlined word “cuisine” can be replaced by _.A. cooking B. decoration C. education D. managementBI believe influence is the union of power and purpose. As a TV star, magazine founder, businesswoman and celebrity, Oprah Winfrey certainly has power. But most important, she has purposea lasting commitment to the principles of goodness and generosity that goes beyond any one individual. I have sat with Oprah in interviews and in my home. I have felt her warmth, and I am always moved by her deep love for others. She makes you want to invite her into your lifeand she invites you into hers.Oprahs story is Americas story: a young girl from Mississippi, who grew up without electricity or running water but realized her promise through education and achieved her dreams in liberty. Oprah, 52, reminds us that we who prosper in freedom have a moral responsibility to help others who have the desire to succeed but just need an opportunity. Oprah is helping create those opportunities