2020高考英语二轮复习 限时专题训练28 社会生活型阅读理解（2）

专题限时训练(二十八)社会生活型阅读理解(二)(限时：每篇7分钟)(一)Someday a stranger will read your email without your permission or scan the websites youve visited.Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact，its likely that some of these things have already happened to you.Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a girlfriend，a marketing company, a boss，a policeman or a criminal.Whoever it is，they will see you in a way you never intended to be seenthe 21st century equal to being caught naked(裸露的)Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though its important to reveal(透露)yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages，at appropriate times.Actually few boundaries remain.The digital breadcrumbs(面包屑)you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are，where you are and what you like.In some cases，a simple Google search can reveal what you think.Like it or not，increasingly we_live_in_a_world_where_you_simply_cannot_keep_a_secret. The key question is：Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is“no”When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is“slipping away, and that bothers me”But people say one thing and do another.Only a small part of Americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy.Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费亭)to avoid using the EZPass system that contracts(跟踪) automobile movements.And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards.Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests that reveal people will submit personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50centoff coupon(优惠券)But privacy does matterat least sometimes.Its like health: when you have it，you dont notice it.Only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it.()1.From Paragraph 2，we can infer_.Acriminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technologyBpeople tend to be more frank with each other in the information ageCin the 21st century people try every means to look into others secretsDpeoples personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge()2.What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?AThere should be a distance even between friends.BThere should be fewer quarrels between friends.CFriends should always be faithful to each other.DFriends should open their hearts to each other.()3.Why does the author say“we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”？AThere are always people who are curious about others affairs.BMany search engines profit by revealing peoples identities.CPeople leave traces around when using modern technology.DModern society has finally developed into an open society.()4.What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?AThey change behavior that might disclose their identity.BThey talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.CThey rely more and more on electronic equipment.DThey use various loyalty cards for business deals.()5.According to the passage，privacy is like health in that _.Aits importance is rarely understoodBit is something that can easily be lostCpeople will make every effort to keep itDpeople dont treasure it until they lose it(二)Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles(困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off(抵挡，避开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.Cdepends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troublesDis closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives()8.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions”(Line 1, Para.2) ?AAdds up to.BDoes away with.CLessens the effect of.DLays the foundation of.()9.Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of_.Ainformational supportBinstrumental supportCsocial companionshipDthe strengthening of selfrespect()10.Social companionship is beneficial in that _.Ait helps strengthen our ties with relativesBit enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakesCit makes our leisuretime activities more enjoyableDit draws our attention away from our worries and troubles(三)Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now，and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them；often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.Of course sometimes there were real disasters(灾难) which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the need for changes.Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore.At such times, there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries；however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill.Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U. S， for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell.A third department looks at the places where people work，and then reports any company that is breaking the laws which protect the health and safety of workers. Of course，new government departments and new laws cannot prevent every accident or illness，but they are having some good results. Our work places are safer and cleaner than before. The planes and cars which we use for travel are better. Producers are thinking more about the safety and health of the people who buy and use their products.()11.The main topic of the passage is_.Aconditions in the work placeBthe freedom of industries in the pastCchanges in industrial productionDthe safety and health of workers and customers()12.It can be inferred from the passage that in the past_.Aworkers often got ill because of the poor working conditionsBcompanies were free to put out any products they wanted toCmany people were killed by dangerous productsDindustries were as careful in management as they are today()13.It is implied in the passage that_.Agovernments and companies had different opinions about the safety of productsBgovernments paid little attention to the safety of productsCgovernment officials often did not listen to scientistsDin the past no safety laws were introduced by governments()14.Some years ago safety rules_.Awere put forward due to scientists recommendationsBcame into being as a result of the workers demandsCwere introduced because quite a number of people were killed or seriously injuredDwere effective enough to protect workers and customers()15.The special departments protect customers and workers in many ways EXCEPT by_.Atesting new productsBcontrolling the sale of productsCdesigning new productsDinspecting work places专题限时训练(二十八)(一)主要论述在当今信息时代，个人信息因受他人窃取，而影响到私人空间。1D推理判断题。第二段提到，有谁会不经过你的许可就会注视着你呢？可能是女朋友、营销公司、老板、警察或者是罪犯。无论他是谁，他们都会以你从来没有意想到的方式看着你。而注视你的人自然能获取你的个人信息，故可推断，人们的个人信息很容易在他们不知晓的情况下被他人获取。故选D。2A细节理解题。第三段Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though its important to reveal(透露)yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages，at appropriate times.提到，尽管在适当的时候向朋友、家人或爱人坦诚自己是重要的，但分界线是重要的，即：人与人之间还应该有适当的距离。由此判断选A。其他选项不符合文意。3C推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者认为，与朋友之间应该有适当的距离，但实际上这种距离很少存在。因为你留下的电子面包屑(即电子痕迹)使陌生人很容易窃取你的个人资料。所以作者说，不管你喜欢或不喜欢，我们愈加生活在一个不能保密的世界里，故选C。其他选项不符合文意。4B细节理解题。根据When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me”可知，大多数美国人希望保留私人空间，但根据But people say one thing and do another.Only a small part of Americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy.可知，他们对保护私人空间做得少。故选B。5D 细节理解题。根据最后一段But privacy does matterat least sometimes.Its like health: when you have it，you dont notice it.Only when its gone do you wish yo