外研版选修8高中英语名词性从句详讲与分析及练习（通用）

名词性从句一： 概念：连接带词和连接副词等引导的从句在句中充当名词的作用，称为名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。1） 主语从句 That she was chosen made us very happy.S V Cthat引导的从句充当主语， 我们称在句中充当主语的从句为主语从句。 What cause the accident is a complete mystery.S 系 表What 引导的从句充当主语 Whoever comes to the party will receive a poresent.S V C It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.注 有时为了句子结构平衡，避免“头重脚轻”，常用it 做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。二）表语从句（引导词有where,whether,who, that, which, whoever, whatever, whichever , when,.)The fact is that they are cross with each other.主语 系 表语从上面中可以看出，that 引导的从句充当表语，我们称that引导的从句为表语从句 The reason is that you dont trust her.主语系表语表原因时，我们用以下结构 the reason why +clause is that +clause 或the reason for+n/ving is that +clause.在这两个句子结构中不用because,若要用because ，可以用下面的结构中This is because / that is because.Thats how I look at itThats why I object to the plan.The coat is where you left it.三）宾语从句。（that, whether, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, when , wherever, where, why , how, because）He said that he didnt want to know主语谓语宾语从上句可以看出that引导的从句充当l句子的宾语。我们称之为宾语从句。She explained that she was late because of the heavy traffic. He asked me how I was getting along with my studies.主语谓语间宾直宾I wonder what has happened to her注 ：1)有时要用it做形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句子的后面。 He has made it clear that he will not give inYou may depend on it that they are valuable.2) do you think /believe/suppose /expect / imagine 后接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问词要放在句首。What do you think is going on outside?四) 同位语从句一般位于名词的后面（fact, news, idea ,truth, hope, problem, information, suggestion, advice.引导词一般用that, 少数情况下会用（whether, if,who,which, what, where）. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.主语谓语宾语从上面中可以看出，that引导的从句对前面的名词起说明或解释的作用。而且，引导的从句也相当于名词的作用，他的作用与idea相同，所以我们称之为同位语从句。 They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.二考察名词性从句的四个方面。1。名词性从句要使用陈述句语序。在名词性从句中，主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，名词性从句均要使用陈述句语序。No one will be sure what man will look like in a million years.Do you know how much money he spent?Do you know what happened?2选词1) that 与what:that 所引导的从句中不从当任何成分.what 在它所引导从句中充当的是主语或是宾语或是表语. What ( he needs) is money.主语 谓语I forgot (that) my research paper was due on Tuesday and that my teacher had said he would not accept late papers.从上面 what 引导的从句中可以看出, 从句中缺少宾语.因此用what2) if 和whetherwhether或if引导的宾语从句，从句意思为“是否，能否”，这里的if从句不可混淆于以if (如果，假如)引导的条件状语从句。Whether 引导主语从句，表语从句和宾语从句。而if 只能引导宾语从句。如： He asked if (whether) you have received his letter. 他问你是否收到了他的来信。This depends on whether he is interested (or not). 这得看他是否感兴趣。注意：在宾语从局中，介词后的宾语从句须用whether引导，不可用if引导。【提示】a. whether可构成whether.or not或whether or not.结构，在非常不正式的场合下，也可能有if.or not结构，但无if or not.结构。I dont know whether come or not.3)Who 和 whoever。Whoeverany who ，whoever不仅在从句中充当主语，而且充当主句的主语。而who 只能充当从句的主语。 Whoever save the girl is worth praising. Who won the match has no difference to me.4)What 和whatever。What 和 whatever都在从句中充当的是主语，宾语和表语。Whatever 比what的语气要强烈些。Whatever= any that what 表示什么的，而whatever表示任何的。 What I need is money. You cant give whatever he wants.that 和why.that 表示原因时，引导表语从句。而why引导的从句充当reason 的定语。The reason for his absense is that he is ill.The reason why he left school is that his family is poor.注意：Because 一般不引导表语从句，除了下面的结构中 this is because / that is because.3同位语从句与定语从句的区别。that 引导名词性从句时，在句子中不充当任何成分。 而that 引导定语从句中充当的是主语或宾语。The news that Mr.Brown will be our new English teacher is true主语 谓语 宾语从句that引导的 从句中，可以看出该从句不缺少任何成分。The news that he told me yesterday is true.S V CI made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very richThe mother made a promise that pleased all her children.V C从句中，可以看出that的从句缺少主语，因此that 引导的是定语从句。 The robbot will do everything that we human do.S v4宾语从句的时态 (在宾语从句中的时态是前面用什么时态，后面就用什么时态。除了宾语从句表的是自然规律用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that the moon travels around the moon.月亮围绕地球转，是客观事实。 Im certain (that) he is at home now. He made it clear that he didnt like the job.从上面的例句中可以看出，宾语从句后面前面要保持一致。注名词性从句的语气在 It is adj that 引导的 从句中，从句中的谓语动词用should+原形动词表虚拟语气，且should 可以省略。It is necessary that the problem should be settled at onceIt is strange that he should have gone away without telling us.Practice1. D o you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classrrom?A that B what C as D which2._ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A what B why C how D As3. _ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A That B Which C What D As4. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make_ it is .A what B which C how D where5. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.A that; which B what;/ C which; that D /that6. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please?A anyone B someone C whoever D no matter who7. It is none of your business_ other people think about you. Believe yourself.A how B what C when D why.8. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best job are.A where B what C when D why.9. Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A why B that C when D where.10. They have no idea_A what does this word meanB what this word meansC what kind of meaning is this wordD what is the meaning of this word11. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._ I got wet through.A Its the reasonB Thas whyC Theres whyD Its how12. Energy is_ makes things works.A anythingB somethingC whatD that13. The old man wanted to give the book to_.A who B whichever C anyone D whoever14. Did you see my book?- Yes. Its _ you left it.A there B where C there where D where there.15. _ well go camping in the mountain tomorrow depends on the weather.A whether B If C That D Where16. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A anyone B who C no matter who D whoever.17. You cant imagine_ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A How they were excitedB how excited they wereC how excited were theyD they were how excited18. _ worries me is _ we are going to pay for all this.A It, that B That ; how C What; how D As; that19. He pointed to_ look like a tree.A that B what C which D whatever.Key bacab cbabb bcaba dbcb短文改错