UsingLanguageⅡ (18).ppt

人教课标高一必修3Unit4,Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars,Pre-listening,IsaacNewton16421727英国物理学家,经典物理学理论体系的建立者,1665年创立微分；1666年开始研究积分。1666年,开始想到研究重力(gravity)问题，苹果落地的传说，也是在此时发生的轶事。其一生的重大科学思想是在这两年期间（22至23岁）岁形成的。1669年，把自然哲学的数学原理，宇宙体系等手稿送到剑桥大学图书馆收藏。晚年研究宗教。,AlbertEinstein(18791955),质量(m)和能量(E)的相当性：Emc2爱因斯坦在量子论、分子运动论、相对论(TheoryofRelativity)等物理学的三个不同领域取得了历史性成就，特别是狭义相对论的建立和光量子论的提出，推动了物理学理论的革命，他对社会进步事业也有重要贡献。,霍金bornin1942,斯蒂芬藿金是当今科学界的一位传奇性人物。这不仅仅因为他是一位被誉为继爱因斯坦后最著名的科学思想家和最杰出的理论物理学家，还在于他是在常人无法想象的身体状况下进行研究和创造性工作的。,blackhole黑洞,黑洞并非只是吞噬物质。除了会在星系形成的过程中扮演重要角色外，在经过一段相当漫长的时间后，黑洞也会把一些曾被它吸入的物质信息向外界释放出来。,Nowweregoingtolistentoatalkaboutthetheoriesofgravity.Listencarefullyandtrytogetthemainideaofit.,Listening,SummaryBiscorrectbecauseitgivesaclearideaofwhatthelisteningpassageisabout.SummaryAisnottrue.Thethreescientistswantedtoexplainhowtheuniverseworkedandnothowitbegan.SummaryCistoogeneralanddoesnotgiveenoughdetailaboutwhatthelisteningpassageisabout.,Choosethebestsummary.,ListentoPart1againandfillinthefirstcolumnofthechart.,Largebodieshaveaforcewhichpullsthingstowardsthem,Inspacelargeobjectsmakespaceandtimebend;thelargertheobject,thefurtherspaceandtimebends,Blackholeshaveaverylargemassandpullthingstowardsthemtowardstheiredge.,Thebiggertheobjectthestrongerthegravity.,Timegoesslowerinverystronggravity.,Ifyougoovertheedge,youcannotgetout;butifyoudonot,youmaybeabletoescape.,spacewalk,Lookatthepictures!,ReadandthendescribethethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanpingandhowhisweightchanged.,1.Thepullofgravitybecameverystrongshelefttheearthsatmosphere.Hisweightisnormal.,2.Itdisappearedwhenhewasinspace.Heisweightless.,3.Itwasverylightwhenhewasonthemoon.Heweighslessthanonearth.,1.LastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.上个月我有幸得到一个机会同我的朋友,一位宇航员李彦平一道去太空旅行。,Languagepoints,enough的用法:1)用作代词：作主语或宾语。Youhavedonemorethanenough.你已做得够多了。Ihavehadenough.Thankyou.我吃的已经够多的了，谢谢。,2)形容词作定语：enough用在名词前、后都可以。Ihaveenoughtimetodothework./Ihavetimeenoughtodothework.我有足够的时间做此项工作。3)用作副词修饰形容词或副词表示程度:enough一般放在形容词或副词的后边。,longenough,easyenough,fastenough,quicklyenough等。但一般不说：enoughlong,enougheasy,enoughfast,enoughquickly.Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.这孩子到上学的年龄了。,Hecouldntrunquicklyenoughtocatchupwiththecat.他跑的速度太慢，追不上猫。4)用作副词修饰动词时也需放在动词之后。Themeatisnotcookedenough.肉炖得不够熟。,IfIhad_(足够长的假期),IdvisitEurope,stoppingatallthesmallinterestingplaces.,alongenoughholiday/an,enoughlongholiday,及时练,2.Thenwewereoff.随后我们就启程了。beoff=setoff出发；动身Iamofftoday.我今天不用上班。Weareofftoday.今天我们不上班/今天我们不开张。,set.off送行kickoff踢球jumpoff跳下giveoff散发showoff炫耀,shutoff关闭getoff下车takeoff脱下turnoff关闭payoff付清；还清,与off相关的短语:,3.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearths.当我们更接近月球时,就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是,月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。,getcloseto靠近，接近，指动态变化becloseto距.近，指状态Theschoolisclosetothepostoffice.,与get相关的短语:getalong相处融洽，进展等getdownto开始认真对待，开始认真考虑geton上车getthrough到达；通过；办完，花光(钱、时间等)getto到达,1.Donttalktoomuch.Lets_working.2.Hurryup,orwellbelateto_thebus.,getdownto,geton,getdowntogetongettogetthroughgetovergetup,及时练,3.Itseasyto_thedifficulty.4.Ihave_alotofpapers.5.Shemanagedto_thevillage.,getover,gotthrough,getto,4.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.,1)“A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.Hisfatheristwiceasoldashe.2)“A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B”,TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.长江差不多比珠江长两倍。Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanthatintheirs.我们学校的学生数量比他们学校的多三倍。,3)“A+be+倍数+the+名词(size,length,amount)+of+B”Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。,Doyouregret_(pay)100dollarsforthepainting?No,Iwouldgladlyhavepaid_(两倍那么多了)forit.,及时练,paying,twiceasmuch,讲解:regret后跟动名词的一般式、完成式和不定式的完成式都表示对过去做过的事情感到后悔，跟不定式一般式表示对即将做的事情感到遗憾，常用来表达委婉。twiceasmuch为倍数的表达法，在这里为省略形式，相当于twiceasmuchasthat。,5.“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”.既然引力改变了，走路也的确需要练一练了。,nowthat同since相似，语气较弱，强调人们已知的事实。,Translation:1.既然你忙,就让我给你做吧。Nowthatyouarebusy,letmedoitforyou.2.既然人都齐了,咱们开始干吧。Nowthateveryoneishereletsstartwork.,及时练,6.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.breakout它与happen,takeplace,comeout等词的用法一样，是不及物动词，不能带宾语，不能用于被动语态。,1)战争爆发TheAmericanCivilWarbrokeoutin1861.美国内战爆发于1861年。2)发生争吵Aquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthem.他们之间发生了争吵。,3)(火灾)发生Afirebrokeoutinhishouselastnight.昨晚他家里失火了。,考点breakout通常指战争、疾病、灾害等的爆发。不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。,Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefire_,andthenitspreadquickly.A.brokeoutB.putoutC.cameoutD.gotout点拨putout扑灭；comeout出来,出版；getout（使）出来。由itspreadquickly（火迅速蔓延）可知选A。,及时练,breakdown打破;毁掉;破除;坍塌;坏掉breakin破门而入;打断,breakawayfrom脱离;打破陈规,与break相关的短语:,breakthrough突围;突破;冲垮;克服breakup打碎;拆散;分裂;分解breakonesword/promise食言;说话不算数,选用方框内合适的词或短语，并用其适当形式填空。(其中有一个多余选项)Therewasa_ofpeoplearoundtheclubentrance.2.Yououghttohaveagoodrest_youvefinishedthework.,mass,nowthat,课堂练习,floatnowthatmasspullgetthehangofwatchout,3.Shespenttheafternoon_onherbackinthepool.4.Itseemsdifficultatfirst,butyoullsoon_it.5.Youhaveto_becausethereareland-minesallovertheplace.,watchout,floating,getthehangof,floatnowthatmasspullgetthehangofwatchout,II.根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。,1.老师幽默的讲话让我们很振奋,之后班里的气氛也轻松起来。(atmosphere;cheerup),Theatmosphereintheclassroomrelaxedaftertheteachershumoroustalkcheeredusup.,3.让我们十分失望的是,战争最终在那两个国家之间爆发了。(toonesdisappointment;breakout),Nowthatwehavefinishedthedesign,thecompanywilldotheconstructioninitsturn.,2.既然我们已经完成了设计,就该由公司来进行建设了。(nowthat;inonestur