高中英语Unit 3Reference for Teaching教案

Unit 3 Reference for Teaching一、语言点补充解释1. regret v. & n. 的用法(1) regret n(=feeling of sadness at the loss of sthor annoyance or disappointment because sthhas or has not been done)悲悼，惋惜，懊悔，抱憾，遗憾The hero said：“My only regret is that I have only one life to lose for my country”那位英雄说：“我惟一的遗憾是我只有一次生命献给我的祖国。”Please accept my regrets at having to refuse。不能奉约，谨致歉意。(2)regret for表示对自己的过失感到遗憾或后悔，后接名词或what从句。He expressed regret for what he had done他对自己的所作所为感到遗憾。(3) regret atover表示对别人的事感到遗憾He feel regret at her absence对她的缺席，我们感到遗憾。(4) regret + nHe regretted his past mistakes他懊悔他过去的错误。(5) regret + that clausel regret that l cant come我不能来，很遗憾。(6) regret doing sth表示做了某事而后悔或者遗憾regret to do sth对将要做的事感到遗憾Mary often regrets not studying hard when she was at school.玛丽常后悔上学时没努力学习。I regret to say you didnt pass the exam我很遗憾地告诉你考试没及格。I regret to tell you that her father died我很遗憾地告诉你她父亲去世了。regret后接动词不定式的完成式时，也表示动词不定式的动作早已发生。He regretted to have told you the news他后悔告诉你了这个消息。(7) 有些动词既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词，但是意思完全不一样。除了regret，还有remember，forget，mean，try四个词(1)remember to do sth记着去做某事(还没有做)remember doing sth记得做过某事(已经做过)You neednt go back to have a lookI remember locking the doorPlease remember to send the letter for me(2)forget doing sth忘记了曾经做过某事forget to do sth别忘记去做某事Dont forget to turn off the light when you leaveHe forgot closing the windowSo when the heavy rain came，he was worried that the water might come into the house(3)try doing sth做某事试试看try to do sth尽力去做某事 Try doing it in another wayYou must find a way to do itThey tried to lie to the old man that his son was still alive，but they failed(4)mean doing sth意味着做某事mean to do sth打算做某事Your not coming means giving up the chanceI didnt mean to hurt you(二)worth的用法1. worth adj. 价值为，值得，可以作表语或后置定语，后接名词或动名词(1)worth + n(多指时间、金钱、精力等)My car is worth $3000我的汽车大约值3000美元。- But l dont think my car is worth anything但我却认为我的车一文不值。The house for which I paid $5000 is worth much more我花5000美元买的房子比价格值得多的多。1 will not take a bike worth￥300 as my birthday gift我不愿意收下价值300元的一辆自行车作为生日礼物。(2)be worth doing某事值得被做(主动表示被动)This book is well worth reading这本书很值得一读。What is worth doing is worth doing well值得做的事就值得做好。不可说成This book is worth being readWhat is worth being done is worth being done well表示很值得用副词well。(3)辨析：worth；worthyworth与worthy都不能单独充当表语。worthy用于以下句型：be worthy to be donebe worthy Of being donebe worthy of + (除金钱、时间、精力外的其他名词)Its worthy to be mentionedIts worthy of being mentionedIts worth mentioning这一点值得一提。This museum is well worthy of a visitThis museum is well worthy to be visitedThis museum is well worth visiting= This museum is well worthy of being visited这家博物馆很值得参观。worth不可以作为前置定语，worthy可以，意思是：“有价值的，值得尊重的，有意义的”He has lived a worthy life他过着一种有意义的生活。The school has graduated many worthy young people这所学校已毕业了许多有出息的年青人。(4)worthwhile在句子中单独充当表语，其主语既可是不定式，也可用doing形式，但常使用 it充当形式主语。It is worthwhile to do值得做It is worthwhile doing值得做The visit to Paris was worthwhile到巴黎的这次访问很值得。Her interest makes our efforts worthwhile她的兴趣使我们的努力变得很值得。(三)stay的用法vi. 呆，停留，逗留How long have you stayed in this hotel?linkv. 保持(某状态)The library open till six oclock pm注意与remain的区别：remain vi留下来；linkv.，侧重当情况或者环境发生变化却继续或者保持原有的状态。The middle-aged woman remains young and beautiful，although something unhappy happened to her（四）advice n. 的用法advice 意见、建议give sb adviceask for advicetake / accept / follow advice（五）advise 的用法advise sth.advise sb (not ) to do sthadvise doing sthadvise that 从句 (should ) + do sthe,g He advised an early start.He advised starting earlyHe advised me to start. earlyHe advised that I should start early .二、语法讲解(一)限制性和非限制性定语从句(1)定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。This is the house which we bought last month这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)The house，which we bought last month，is very nice这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)(2)当先行词被专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。Charles Smith，who was my former teacher，retired last year查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。My house，which l bought last year，has got a lovely garden我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。This novel，which l have read three times，is very touching这本小说很感动人，我已经读了三遍。说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句中关系代词和关系副词不可省略。(-)as和which引导的定语从句由as，which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，一、which与as引导非限定性定语从句的区别：1. which只能放在主句后面，而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活，可在前，可在后。As he realized，I was very useful to him(在前)Air, as we know，is a gas(在中)He was a foreigner，as l know from his accent(在后)He came late again，which made his boss angry(在后)2当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列关系时，可以用and this，and that代替，意思是“这件事”。He changed his mind，which(and this，and that)made me very angry他改变了主意，这使我很生气。She has married again，which(and this，and that)was unexpected出乎意料的是，她又结婚了。而as主要起与上下文连接的作用，表达说话人的看法、观点，并指出主句内容的出处或根据等。Einstein，as we know，is famous scientist爱因斯坦，众所周知，是位伟大的科学家。As is announced in todays newspaper，we must improve our style of work今天的报纸上说，我们必须改进工作作风。3当定语从句位于主句之后，纯粹表示主句所述的内容，不带有“如那样”的意思时，往往用which，而不用as。They were invited to the state banquet，which was a great honor to them他们被邀请参加国宴，这对他们来说是莫大的荣幸。We had to sleep in our wet clothes，which was most uncomfortable我们不得不穿着湿衣服睡觉，这简直太不舒服了。Mummy always treats me just like a baby，which l cant bear妈妈老把我当成小孩子对待，这让我无法忍受。4当定语从句有“如同那样”的含义时，用as比用which更常见，而这些从句几乎成为固定说法。Things will turn out contrary to one s wishes，as is often the case事与愿违，这是常有的事。As was natural，this inordinate hope was followed by an excessive depression这种过分希望之后，接着是极度的沮丧，是很自然的