语法定语从句

,Unit1SchoolLife,AttributiveClauses定语从句,Riddles,Itsatool(which/that)teachersusedtowritewith.Itsabag(which/that)isalwaysfullofbooks,pensandsoon.Heistheperson(who/that)isinchargeofaschool.Heistheperson(who/that)takescareofthewholeclass.,structureofattributiveclauses,Heistheperson(who/that)isinchargeofaschool.,先行词,关系代词,做什么成分，指的是，关系代词在从句中做什么成分。,定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰名词或代词，用来确认人或者物，或提供关于人或者物的更多情况。被修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句一般在先行词之后，由关系词引出，引导定语从句的词有：that,which,who,whom,whose等。,2020/5/29,SunYangisaswimmerwho/thatachievesalot.,此句中aswimmer是先行词，who/that是关系代词，在由它们引导的定语从句中做主语。,2020/5/29,ZhangYixingisastarwhom/thatmanypeoplelike.,先行词是astar,whom与that是关系代词，在它们引导的从句中作宾语。,2020/5/29,SunYangisaswimmerwho/thatachievesalot.ZhangYixingisastarwhom/thatmanypeoplelike.,ThelibraryThediningroomTheplayground,aplacewhere/inwhichwehaveP.E.class.aplacewhere/inwhichalotofbooksarestored.aplacewhere/inwhichwesittohavelunch.,Thelibraryaplaceiswhere/inwhichalotofbooksarestored.Thediningroomaplaceiswhere/inwhichwesittohavelunch.Theplaygroundaplaceiswhere/inwhichwehaveP.E.class.,先行词为地点，并在句中作状语，关系词使用where/inwhich,1.Teachersofficesaretheplacestheywork.,where/inwhich,2.No.4highschoolisaplacewestudy.,where/inwhich,1.Itsadaywhen/onwhichwestartnewterm.2.Itsadaywhen/onwhichwegivewishestoallteachers,Letsguess,September1st,TeachersDay,先行词为时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，用when/onwhich进行引导。,人,who,that,whom(宾),物,which,that,地点,时间,where,inwhich,when,that,summary,Letsdo,Readthearticleonpage9.Underlinetheattributiveclausesyoufindinthearticle.,1.Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudentsthatweeverhad.,译文：David是我们拥有的最助人为乐的学生之一。,先行词为students,关系词为that,在从句中作宾语成分。,2.In2004,hewenttoOxfordUniversitywherehebecameinterestedinChineseculture.,在2004年，他去了牛津大学，在那里他开始对中国文化着迷了。,先行词为OxfordUniversity，关系副词为where，在从句中作地点状语。,3.SomeofthecitiesinChinawhichhelikesmostareBeijing,Shanghai,HarbinandNanjing.,中国的一些城市中，他最喜欢的是北京、上海、哈尔滨和南京。,先行词为thecities,关系代词为which，在从句中作宾语。,4.Mostofthestudentswhomhetaughthavebecomehisfriends.,大多数他所教的学生都和他成为了朋友。,先行词为thestudents,关系代词为whom，在从句中作taught的宾语。,5.SomeofthebooksweregiftsthathegotfromhisChinesefriendsandstudents.,有一些书是从他的中国朋友和学生那里得到的礼物。,先行词为gifts,关系代词为that，在从句中充当宾语。,6.ThepaintingsthatDaviddonatedtotheschoolarebeingshownintheexhibitionroom.,David所捐赠给学校的绘画作品都被陈列在展览馆中展出。,先行词为Thepaintings,关系代词为that,在从句中作宾语成分。,找出下列句子的先行词，并且指出关系词在定语从句中充当的成分：,1.Doyouseethebuildingthatstandsnexttothebank?2.Aplaneisamachinewhichcanfly.,3.Theboywhoisplayingfootballismyclassmate.4.Dothethingthatyourbosstellsyoutodo.,5.Canyoutellmetheaddressofthefactorywhichwetalkedaboutjustnow?6.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.,1.Whatsthenameofthegirljustcamein?2.ThetrainhasjustleftisforXian.3.Donteattomatoesaregreen.,在下列空格上填入适当关系词：,who，that,which,that,which,that,注意：that/which在代替物时常常可以通用，但有些只宜用that，不用which：,(1)先行词是形容词最高级或者它前面有形容词最高级修饰时：,eg.Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstairpollution.,(2)先行词时序数词，或它的前面有一个序数词时：,eg.HeisthefirstpersonthatIwanttovisit.,(3)主句中已有疑问词时：,eg.Whichisthebikethatyoulost?,(4)先行词既有人又有物时：,eg.Thecaranditsdriverthathadrunoveranoldwomanweretakentothepolicestation.,(5)先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代词时：,eg.Youshouldhandina