英语人教版二年级必修2 分词作状语1

Discoveringusefulstructures,Unit4,Readthesentencesfromthetext.,1.Istoodforaminutewatchingthemandwenttogreetthem.2.Shesteppedbackappearingsurprised3.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancameinsmiling,togetherwith,adverbial,adverbial,adverbial,分词作状语来源于状语从句。现在分词通常和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。过去分词通常和逻辑主语之间存在被动关系。但要注意它的各种形式变化：,现在分词过去分词doingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone,分词做状语,一般式,完成式,分词作状语,分词作状语来源于状语从句，在句中一般能作五种状语，即时间、原因、条件、让步和方式状语,1)Whenhelookedoutofthewindow,hefoundthatalotofpeoplehadgatheredonthestreet.,Lookingoutofthewindow,hefoundthatalotofpeoplehadgatheredonthestreet.,2)Ifyouuseyourhead,youllfindagoodway.Usingyourhead,youllfindagoodway.3)Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwetCaughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.,时间,条件,分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语保持一致！,原因,4)Aswedontknowheraddress,wecantgetintouchwithher.Notknowingheraddress,wecantgetintouchwithher.5)Ashehasfinishedhishomework,hewentbackhome.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentbackhome.6)Ashehasntreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherletter.Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherletter7)Shesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.Shesatonthesofa,watchingTV.,伴随,将状语从句改为分词作状语分三步：去掉连词;去掉主语；将从句中谓语动词改为分词形式（从句为主动语态时，用现在分词；从句为被动语态时，用过去分词）。,WehavemetwithsuccessbecauseweareledbyourParty.,LedbyourParty,wehavemetwithsuccess.,Conclusion:分词作状语，1.与逻辑主语关系主动-doing主动,有先后关系-havingdone被动-done2.否定直接在前面加not。如：NotknowingNothavingreceived,Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.Hewascaughtintherain,thus_(make)himselfcatchcold.Ihurriedtoschool,only_(find)thatitwasSunday.Thebuswasheldupbysnowstorm,thus_(cause)thedelay.conclusion3:现在分词表示必然结果，前可加thus,不定式表意外的结果，前可加only.,andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff,现在分词作结果状语,（多用于句尾）,making,tofind,causing,Enteringtheroom,aletterwasfoundonthedesk注意：1.分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句中主语一致订正：Enteringtheroom,Tomfoundaletteronthedesk.2.当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词必须有自己的主语，即：独立主格结构Tomenteringtheroom,aletterwasfoundonthedesk.,1.分词作状语来源于状语从句，,分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语保持一致！,将状语从句改为分词作状语分三步：去掉连词;2.去掉主语；3.将从句中谓语动词改为分词形式（从句为主动语态时，用现在分词；从句为被动语态时，用过去分词）。,1.与逻辑主语关系主动-doing主动,有先后关系-havingdone被动-done2.否定直接在前面加not。如：NotknowingNothavingreceived,conclusion3:现在分词表示必然结果，前可加thus,不定式表意外的结果，前可加only.,当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词必须有自己的主语,独立主格结构,Exercises:1.Time_(permit),wearegoingtoclimbthemountaintomorrow.2.Hishomework_(do),hewenttowatchthegame.3.Mother_(be)ill,Ihavetostayathome.4.Hesatthere,hiseyes_(fix)ontheblackboard.Hesatthere,hislegs_(cross)Hesatthere,hishead_(bury)inthenewspaper.,permitting,done,being,fixed,crossed,buried,3.作状语的V-ing形式和句子之间通常有一个逗号隔开，不能用并列连词。Studyinghard,andyouwillpasstheentranceexaminationtocollege.Studyinghard,youwillpasstheentranceexaminationtocollege.Studyhard,andyouwillpasstheentranceexaminationtocollege.,F,T,T,分词作状语表示被动用done，但有些过去分词（短语）因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。常见的有:beprepared/hidden/determined/married/settledbeburied/devotedto/facedwith/dressedin/beseatedEg:她身穿一条裙子。(wear/dress)-Sheiswearingaskirt.-Sheisdressedinaskirt._(wear)askirt,shefeltcoldinthewind._(dress)inanewly-boughtskirt,shefeltconfidentofherself.,Wearing,Dressed,5.为了使V-ing形式作状语所表达的意思更为明确。可在V-ing前加适当的连词（when;while;if;though;unless等）-连词+doing/doneWhilewaitingforthebus,hemetMary.,6独立成分作状语。英语中有些分词或不定式作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：generally/franklyspeaking一般/坦白说；judgingfrom/by.由来判断；considering.考虑到；totellyouthetruth说实话；comparedto/with.与相比believeitornot信不信由你tostartwith首先tomakemattersworse使事情更糟的是Judgingfromhisface,hewasveryangry.,根据A句完成B句,使两句意思不变。1.A:Havingdonetheirhomework,thechildrenplayedfootball.B:_,thechildrenplayedfootball.2.A:Ifyouworkhard,youwilldowellintheexam.B:_,youwilldowellintheexam.3.A:Althoughheisnotrich,hehelpedthepoorgenerously.B:_,hehelpedthepoorgenerously.,Aftertheyhaddonetheirhomework,Workinghard,Notbeingrich,分词作状语和独立结构的练习,1.(write)inhaste,thecompositionisfullofmistakes.2.(be)shortofmoney,theyhadtospendthenightinasmallhotel.3.Allthings(consider),hehasdonehisbest.4.Thestudents(do)alltheexercises,theteacherwenttoexplainthetext.,Written,Being,considered,havingdone,5.Theweather(be)soterrible,wehadtospendthedayathomewatchingTV.6.(graduate)fromthecollege,hewenttoavillageandworkedasateacherthere.7.Wecouldnthelpthem,(be)sopoorourselves.8.Herushedoff,even(forget)totakehisovercoat.,being,Havinggraduated,being,forgetting,9.Weather(permit),thespaceshipwillbelaunchedtomorrow.10.Thelastbus(go),wehadtowalkhome.11.(give)moretime,Icouldperformmydutymoresatisfactorily.12.(judge)fromlastyearsexperience,thecoachknowsheshouldnotexpecttoomuchofhisteam.,permitting,havinggone,Given,Judging,1.Aswinterisa_theweatherisgettingcolder.2.InsomeAsiancountriess_theheadmeans“agreement”.3.Peoplenowc_overlongdistancebymeansoftelephone,letterande-mailsaswell.4.Theg_peopleusefor“yes”or“no”aredifferentaroundtheworld.5.Thedover_peace,whichisthemostimportantthingforhumanbeings.6.Really,Ihardlyknowhowtoe_mygratitude.Athank-youletterisfarfromenough.7.Inordertoa_beingmisunderstood,Isenthimatextmessagewithdetails.8.Weneedtodoregularexercisetostrengthenourbodysnaturald_againstviruses.9.Inaboardingschool,studentsneedtolearnhowtogetonwellwitheachotherintheird_.10.Hehasreachedac_inhiscareer,whichistoinfluencehislife.,P64.1.Notunderstanding/roducingusstudentstothenewwritingstyle3.Noticing(that)thesignonthewallread/said“Nosmoking”4.hewasthemostentertainingpersonintheworld5.Makingfulluseofgestures6.sittingwithherarmscrossedontheedgeofthedesk,as/thoguh引导的非主谓倒装，意思是“尽管”，就相当于although或是though引导的让步状语从句。那么在这个句型中有四类词可以放在句首，构成as/though引导的非