中考英语 完形填空解题技巧

完形填空解题技巧一、 完形填空的特点共10小题，每小题1分。旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在150-200左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。二、命题规律中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。（一）从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2. 短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次。1.句子层次的设空指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。I 31 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.( ) A. remember B. explainC. hope D. expect2.句群层次的设空指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目（1）前置性设空：即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。例：It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!( ) A. write B. speak C. sing D. dance（2）后置性设空：指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目（下文某处有提示）。例：1). Nobody _ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you dont like me ” ( ) A. believed B. liked C. hated D. knew 2). Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West. ( ) A. many B. all C. two D. three3. 语篇性设空 ：指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 32 him achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句话)( ) 1. A. comfort B. please C. attract D. educate三、融知于题1.通过上下文暗示进行判断例：she had got a(n) 36 and needed a blood transfusion(输血) from her five years old brother, who had had the same disease but stayed alive.( ) 1. A. accident B. problem C. disease D. trouble2.通过逻辑推理进行判断，由一个或几个已知的判断（提示），推导出一个未知的结论例：For a long time she stood in the basket silently, and only kept her eyes 31 to look at all the wonderful sights below.( ) 1. A. closed B. open C. clean D. clear3.根据句子结构或固定搭配进行判断例：When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener pay attention 33 what he or she is speaking.( ) 1. A. of B. for C. with D. to4.根据生活常识进行判断例：The ole man looked at me. Then he looked at his 28 and replied, “its 16:30”.( ) 1. A. umbrella B. home C. watch D. money四、解题思路1.跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意（3分钟）2.结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案（4分钟）3.瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破（5分钟）4.复读全文，逐空验证，弥补疏漏（3分钟）五、课堂训练Marklivedinavillagefaraway.Onedayhebecameveryillandeveryonethoughthewould1_soon.Theysentforadoctor.Twodays2_thedoctorcameandlookedoverthesickman.3_askedforapenandsomepapertowritedownthenameofthemedicine.Buttherewasnopen4_paperinthevillage,becausenoonecouldwrite.Thedoctor5_upapieceofburntwoodfromthefireandwrotethenameofthemedicineonthe6_ofthehouse.“Getthismedicineforhim.”hesaid,“andhewillsoonget7_.”Marksfamilyandfriendsdidnotknow8_todo.Theycouldnotreadthestrangewords.Thenayoungman9_anidea.Hetookoffthedoorofthehouse,putitonhiscarriagedrovetothenearest10 .Heboughtthemedicinethere,andMarkwassoonwellagain.( )1. A.wakeB.cryC.movedD.die( )2. A.lateB.laterC.agoD.before( )3. A.ThesickmanB.MarkC.ThedoctorD.Thefarmer( )4. A.andB.orC.thenD.also( )5. A.pickedB.heldC.madeD.looke