中考命题研究河北省2020中考英语 基础知识梳理 八下 Units 1-2（无答案） 人教新目标版

八年级(下)Units 12类别课标考点要求词汇攻关1.stomach(名词)胃痛，腹痛_2foot(复数)_3own(名词)_4break(形容词)_5train(名词)_6kind(名词)_7.climb(名词)_8strong(反义词)_9feel(名词)_(过去式)_10tooth(复数)_(名词)牙痛_短语归纳1.感冒_2胃痛_3躺下_4量体温_5发烧_6休息_7下车_8使惊讶的是；出乎的意料_9立即，马上_10陷入，参与_11习惯于_12冒险_13用尽，耗尽_14切除_15离开，从出来_16掌管，管理_17.放弃_18打扫(或清除)干净_19(使)变得更高兴，振奋起来_20分发，散发_21想出，提出_22推迟_23分发_24打电话给(某人)，征召_25照顾，非常喜欢_26参加选拔，试用_27修理，装饰_28赠送，捐赠_29(外貌或行为)像_30建立，设立_31影响，有作用_32帮助走出困境_句型再现1.“你怎么啦？”“我背痛。”_？I_2我该怎么办？_I_？3“我应该放些药在上面吗？”“应该。/不应该。”_put some medicine on it?Yes，_/No，_4昨天上午9：00，26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。At 9：00 am. yesterday，bus No. 26_Zhonghua Road when the driver_an old man_on the side of the road.5有人头部受到撞击。Someone_on the head.6.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。As a mountain climber，Aron _ risks.7他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。They told me stories about the past and how things _8她在四岁时就能独自看书了。She could read _9有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“Lucky”。You helped to_ for me to have Lucky.10我喜爱动物，我对拥有一条狗这个想法感到兴奋。I love animals and I was _the idea _.语法结构1.情态动词should的用法。2常用的动词词组的用法。话题1.Health and first aid(健康与急救)2Volunteering and charity(志愿服务与慈善)河北五年中考真题演练词汇类()1.(2020河北36题)Steven，we should_the bus at the next stop.Aget up Bget offCget to Dget in反身代词()2.(2020河北27题)Dont worry about me.Im old enough to think for _.Ahimself BherselfCyourself Dmyself非谓语动词()3.(2020河北33题)Dont forget _ thanks when other people help you.Aaccept Bto acceptCsay Dto say()4.(2020河北37题)_ a book in the library，enter a key word into the computer.ATo find BFindCTo write DWrite()5.(2020河北32题)Whenever you have a chance _ English，you should take it.Aspeak Bto speakCspoke Dspeaks情态动词()6.(2020河北36题)You _ eat the soup if you dont like it.Ashouldnt BmustntCneednt Dcant句型类7(2020河北86题)better，are，feeling，you_？河北中考重难点突破give up放弃【考点抢测】1整天玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。你应该放弃它。Playing computer games all day is bad for your health.You should _ _ _2你应该戒烟。You should _ _ _()3.(2020黄冈中考)He failed to break the world record for long jump many times，but he never_his hope.Atook off Bput awayCgave up Dturned down【满分点拨】give up的用法(1)give up是动副短语，后接代词作宾语时，必须放在两词中间。(2)give up后接动词时需用动词的ing形式，相当于stop doing sth.。【归纳拓展】give的相关短语cheer up(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来【考点抢测】4振作起来吧！你的困难不久就会过去的。_ _！Your trouble will soon be over.5橙色能带给我们成功，使我们振作。Orange can bring us success and _ us _()6.(2020沧州14中模拟)We failed in the singing competition._Better times are waiting for you.ANo way BBest wishesCCheer up DGood job【满分点拨】cheer up的用法(1)cheer up也可以单独使用，表示“变得高兴，振奋起来”。(2)cheer sb. up意为“使某人高兴起来”，相当于make sb. happy。如果宾语是名词或词组，可放在cheer up的中间或后面，若是代词作宾语，则只能放在cheer up的中间。【归纳拓展】本单元中up短语trouble n问题；苦恼【考点抢测】7不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。Dont laugh at the people _ _8We have some trouble _(work) out the problem.()9.(2020泉州中考)Jack，I have _ working out the math problem.Dont worry.Let me help you.AfunBtroubleCexperience10He doesnt feel _ when he is left alone.11I dont like walking home _.()12.They leave their daughter _ in the house on weekdays.Alonely BaloneClone Dsilent()13.(2020娄底中考)His grandparents live _ in a small house，but they dont feel _Alonely；alone Balone；lonelyClonely；lonely Dalone；alone【满分点拨】trouble的用法【归纳拓展】trouble作动词，意为“打扰；使烦恼”，常用搭配为：【一言辨异】Dont trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.麻烦没找你，你别找麻烦。【一言辨异】I was travelling alone in the lonely mountain.I didnt feel lonely though I was alone.我独自在荒凉的山里旅行。虽孤身一人，但我并不感到寂寞。raise v募集；征集【考点抢测】14The river _ after the heavy rain.15The water _ another meter and people became worried.16He _ his voice so that everybody could hear him.17If you _ any pets，please _ your hands.18Everybody _ when he entered the room.19(2020厦门中考)Many stars _(筹集)money for homeless children nowadays.They are so kind.【满分点拨】辨析raise与rise两个词都有“举起、提高、升起”之意，但其用法不尽相同。rise不及物动词上升，上涨，提高不规则动词，过去式rose，过去分词为risen。raise及物动词使升高；提高；饲养规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为raised。图解助记：辨析repair，mend与fix【考点抢测】20I am going to have my bike _ tomorrow.21She is _ her shoes.22The workers are _ the machine.()23.My brother can _ this broken chair.Arepair BmendCfix Dbuy【满分点拨】不同例句repairrepair常指损失重大或构造较复杂的事物，如房屋、汽车、桥梁的修理。也可指修鞋。Mary repaired the radio just for the fun of it.玛丽修理收音机只是为了消遣。I am going to have my bike repaired tomorrow.我打算明天找人把自行车修理一下。mendmend着重指修补小至日常用具，大到较复杂的物体。很多时候可与repair互换。Can you mend a broken dish？你能修理破碟子吗？She is mending her shoes.她正在修理她的鞋子。fixfix则侧重于“安装”，有时也用作“修理”。The workers are fixing the machine.工人们在安装机器。Have you had your watch fixed？你已找人修你的表了吗？run out(of)用尽【考点抢测】24Lin Taos pocket money was used up yesterday.(改为同义句)Lin Taos pocket money _ _ yesterday.25The writer had run out of the ink before he finished writing.(改为同义句)The ink _ _ _ before the writer finished writing.()26.(2020黄冈中考)He told the interviewer that he had run_out_of money to buy old bikes.Aput away Bturned offCtaken out Dused up【满分点拨】run out短语的用法(1)run out意为“用尽”，相当于be used up，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词；run out是不及物动词短语，其后不能带宾语，无被动形式。(2)run out of sth.(use up sth.)意为“用尽某物”，主语一般是人。difficulty n困难，难题【考点抢测】27I have _(difficult) reading at times.28当你做决定有困难时，可以打电话给我。You can call me if you have _ _ decision.()29.(2020邵阳中考)Do you have any difficulty in _ English?Yes，but I try to make myself _Ato speak；understoodBspeaking；understandCto speak；to understandDspeaking；understood【满分点拨】difficult/difficultly/difficulty的用法辨析difficult形容词“困难的”，作定语、表语或宾语补足语。difficultly副词“困难地”，作状语。difficulty名词have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难。Whats the matter？怎么了？I have a stomachache.我胃痛。【考点抢测】()30.(2020云南中考)You look really tired._？I didnt sleep well last night.I had a headache.AHow about youBWhat should I doCWhats the matterDHow are you feeling now【满分点拨】(1)Whats the matter？意为“怎么了？”常用来询问身体有什么不适或有什么不顺心的事，也可以用来询问某物出了什么故障，后面可接with sb./sth.，表示“某人或某物怎么了？”。(2)由ache构成的复合名词(3)“havea名词”型短语【归纳拓展】Should I take my temperature？我应该量一下体温吗？【考点抢测】()31.(2020石家庄41中模拟)After you read the article“Why fast food is slowly killing you”，you _ stop eating fast food.Acan Bmay Chave to Dshould【满分点拨】(1)should作情态动词，有实际的词义，但它不可单独作谓语，须与动词原形连用，没有人称和数的变化。You should work harder.你应该更努力地工作。(2)常用句型：You should/shouldnt do sth.“你(不)应该做某事”。【温馨提示】should表示预测和可能性，意为“应该；可能”。We should arrive by supper time.我们在晚饭时间应该能到了。She should be here at any moment.她随时都可能来。Thanks_to Mr.Wang and the passengers，the doctors saved the man in time.多亏了王先生和这些乘客，医生才及时挽救了这个(老)人。【考点抢测】()32.(2020资阳中考)Thanks _ Mr.Hu，we have learnt many English songs.Afor Bat Cto【满分点拨】thanks to“由于；幸亏”，介词短语，后接名词、代词，强调感谢的对象。Thanks to your help，we can finish the work on time.多亏了你的帮忙，我们才准时完成工作。【归纳拓展】thanks for“因而感谢”，客套用语，thanks相当于thank you。for为介词，后接名词或动词ing，强调为何而感谢。Thanks for inviting me to your party.谢谢你邀请我参加你的聚会。常考话题写作指导健康与急救写作导图从全国近五年健康与急救相关话题书面表达的命题来看，此类作文命题通常有以下两个角度的内容：1保持健康已经成为人们关注的热点话题之一，健康包括哪些方面、中学生面临的健康问题、保持健康的重要性。2如何保持健康成为命题点。结合河北考情，可以预测第二种考查角度几率更大。亮点句型速成常用句型：A nurse gave me an injection.It was a little painful.推荐句型：A nurse gave me an injection which was a little painful.常用句型：You mustnt smoke.Its bad for your health.推荐句型：You mustnt smoke because its bad for your health.(一)开头句1It is very important to keep healthy.(二)中间句2We cant go to sleep too late.We cant get up too late.3We should eat the food healthily.4We should do more exercise.5I didnt feel like eating anything.6I decided to see the doctor.7In the doctors office，the doctor looks me over carefully.8He told me to take a rest and drink more water.9The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day.10A few days later，I felt better.From then on I believe that keeping healthy is the most important thing in the world.(三)结尾句11A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.12Please drink enough water every day.13We should do more exercise to stay healthy.14Dont get stressed out.Its not healthy.15You should go to bed early and get up early.16Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle，and its important to eat a balanced diet.写作模板Nowadays，more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy.For me，there are 几种方法 to keep healthy.Firstly，it is necessary to 观点一Secondly，we shouldnt 观点二Thirdly，it is important to观点三If people follow these three ways of keeping fit，they will find健康会有怎样的改善。典例剖析根据以下提示，请以“How to keep healthy”为题写一篇短文，从良好的生活习惯，适当的体育锻炼以及健康的饮食习惯等方面，为那些生活习惯欠佳、缺乏锻炼的朋友提出良好的建议。(要求意思连贯、表达准确，词数80词左右)参考词汇：熬夜(stay up)；垃圾食品(junk food)；挑剔(be particular about)；定时定量(have meals regularly)【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1就“保持健康”提出建议，全文用说明文；2所写建议尽量全面，涉及内容尽量多角度，深层次；3要求意思连贯、表达准确，词数为80词左右。【范文点评】How To Keep HealthyNowadays，more_and_more_people_know_the_importance_of_keeping_healthy.For_me，there_are_three_main_ways_to_keep_healthy.Firstly，it_is_necessary_to_keep_a_balanced_diet.We_arent_supposed_to_eat_too_much_junk_food.It_is_better_for_us_to have more fruit and vegetables every day.Whats_more，we are supposed to have meals regularly.Secondly，we shouldnt stay up too late.Getting_enough_sleep_is_also_necessary.Thirdly，it_is_important_to take regular exercises，such as swimming，jogging and so on.If people follow these three ways of keeping fit，theyll greatly improve their health.I_hope_everyone_can_keep_in_good_health.开篇用了more and more people，there are three main ways to keep healthy，既体现问题的严重性，又交代了文章的主题。运用句型it is形容词to do sth.增加了文章的亮点。用arent supposed to写出人们的不良习惯，又运用it is better for us to，whats more彰显小作者语言词汇的丰富，增加文章的给分点。Getting enough sleep是动名词作主语，it is important to是it做形式主语，动词不定式做真正的主语，再次让文章升华。作者最后希望大家采取他的建议，希望每个人能够保持健康。河北中考考点精练.单项选择。()1.(2020荆门中考)Would you like to go to the space museum?Id love to，but I havent made (a)_I ll think about it.AprogressBmistakeCmess Ddecision ()2.(2020河南中考)Whenever Mary reads an interesting story，she cant keep it to _ and wants to share it with her friends.Ashe Bher Chers Dherself()3.(2020绥化中考改编)The old lady used to _ in the park.Adance Bdancing Cdanced Dto dance()4.(2020青岛中考)They heard the party was _ because of the exam.Aput on Bput up Cput off Dput down()5.(2020廊坊模拟)What do you think of the dog?It brings much _ to my life.I like it very much. Ajoy Btraining Cpollution Dinformation ()6.(2020原创预测)Whats the matter?_ of my friends hurt in a car accident.Im going to visit them. AEvery BEach CSeveral DUntil ()7.(2020原创预测)Why cant you sleep well?Because there is something wrong _ my head.Awith Bfor Cof Dat()8.(2020原创预测)Gina doesnt _She looks as beautiful as two years ago.Afinish Bdecide Cchange Darrive.(2020原创预测)完形填空。The day was Thankful Thursday.Its a weekly tradition that my two little girls and I began years ago.Thursday has become _1_ day to go out and make a positive contribution(贡献)As we drove along a busy road and _2_ what we could do，it was almost noon.My girls were _3_，and they shouted，“McDonalds，McDonalds.”Suddenly I realized that there was a beggar(乞讨者) at almost _4_ crossing I passed through.And then I had an idea! All these beggars must be hungry，too.Perfect!After we ate，I _5_ 15 lunches and we began to deliver(递送) them.We would tell each beggar that things could get better.We handed our final _6_ to a woman.She took the lunch and said，“No one has ever done something like this for me before.Thank you！”I said，“You must be hungry.Why not eat your lunch？”She looked at me _7_ her big brown eyes and said，“Im not going to eat it.”I was confused(困惑的)，but before I could say anything，she _8_，“You see，I have a little girl and she just loves McDonalds，but I dont have the _9_Now you know thattonight she is going to have McDonalds！”I used to question whether our acts of kindness were too _10_But at that moment，I remembered Mother Teresas words：“We cannot do great thingsonly small things with great love.”()1.A.herBhisCourDtheir()2.A.realized BenjoyedCforgot Dconsidered()3.A.hungry BangryCtired Dworried()4.A.either Bevery Cboth Dall()5.A.made Bsold Cordered Dcollected()6.A.idea Blunch Cbook Dclothes()7.A.of Bat Cfor D with()8.A.stopped BagreedCcontinued Dshouted()9.A.time Bmoney Cinterest Dhope()10.A.small Bbig Cearly Dlate.(2020德州中考)阅读理解。()1.If you want to book a ticket，you can NOT _Ause the InternetBgo to the Box Office on SundaysCring and pay by credit cardDpost the booking form to the Box Office()2.If you make a group booking for 14 persons，how much should you pay?A$ 120. B$126. C$ 140. D$150.()3.On average(平均)，which kind of tickets is the cheapest?ASaver. BSupersaver. CGroup bookings. DSchool.()4.The passage is _Abooking notes of Furious 7Ba review of Furious 7Ca survey of Furious 7Dnews about Furious 7.(2020原创预测)任务型阅读。As we all know，many people like to eat fast food.We can notice that many people，especially the youth and kids，like fast food.Most of them even declare fast food is more tasteful than Chinese food.So fast food restaurants become popular.Fast food restaurants are popular because they sell food that tastes good doesnt but cost a lot of money.Fast food means food that can be prepared quickly.Fast food restaurants usually have a window where you can buy your food.If you are busy，you can eat fast food to save time.Is fast food bad for our health？Is some fast food healthier than others？Fast food is usually cheap because its often made with cheaper ingredients instead of nutritious(营养丰富的) food，such as lean(瘦肉) meat，fruits and vegetables.Eating more fast food can make you fat.So_doctors_tell_us_eating_more_fast_food_is_bad_for_our_health.And doctors also tell us no